Allotrope Foundation Ontology Merged Without QUDT And Inferred (REC/2025/12)
This artifact contains all triples of Allotrope Foundation Merged Without QUDT Ontology Suite (REC/2025/12) together with triples inferred with HermiT.
A reference to an object or datatype property. [Allotrope]
A relation to a class of individuals. [Allotrope]
Property is a note about a proposed logical expression in order to describe the term as defined class. [Allotrope]
Property is a note about a proposed expression of a restriction that the term should be a subclass of. [Allotrope]
Property specifies level of granularity the term mainly belongs to. [Allotrope]
Property tracks terms that have been aligned with BFO during development. [Allotrope]
Is defined class flags a resource as being a class that can be defined by necessary and sufficient conditions. [Allotrope]
An annotation predicate used to identify entity replacement by a role. [Allotrope]
Has close match establishes a connection between two resources that have a high degree of agreement in meaning such that they can be used interchangeably. [Allotrope]
Property is related to skos:closeMatch. skos:closeMatch is an object property whereas this property is an annotation property to allow for weak semantic coupling. [Allotrope]
Has exact match establishes a connection between two resources that have completely same meaning such that they can be used interchangeably. [Allotrope]
Property is related to skos:exactMatch. skos:exactMatch is an object property whereas this property is an annotation property to allow for weak semantic coupling. [Allotrope]
Has related establishes a connection between two resources that have an associative relationship. [Allotrope]
Property is related to skos:related. Skos:related is an object property whereas this property is an annotation property to allow for weak semantic coupling. [Allotrope]
Reference that maps a class to a perspective. [Allotrope]
Is universal class flags a resource as being a primitive class that stands on its own. [Allotrope]
Has coordination annotates a class with some defining differentia. [Allotrope]
Has design pattern annotates a resource with a reference to a design pattern. [Allotrope]
2020-12-15 Property has been added in order to replace pav:importedFrom. The difference between af-x:AFX_0002865 and pav:importedFrom is that the former is an annotation property whereas the latter is an object property. We added a new property in order to avoid issues of redeclaration of pav:importedFrom as annotation property. [Allotrope]
The original source of imported information. [PAV]
Derived from a different resource. [PAV]
2020-12-15 Property has been added in order to replace pav:derivedFrom. The difference between af-x:AFX_0002866 and pav:derivedFrom is that the former is an annotation property whereas the latter is an object property. We added a new property in order to avoid issues of redeclaration of pav:derivedFrom as annotation property. [Allotrope]
A shape that describes a facet by sh:qualifiedValueShape in an Allotrope Simple Model (ASM) shape library can be marked with this annotation property. The property controls how the facet is translated into a JSON schema for the property. By setting this property to true, the JSON schema behaves as in SHACL, allowing subclasses to be used, otherwise the class is used directly. [Allotrope]
The following shape defines a polymorphic "peak width" facet: af-s:AFS_0005312 a sh:PropertyShape ; sh:path af-x:AFX_0002803 ; # has facet sh:qualifiedValueShape [ sh:class af-r:AFR_0001075 ; # peak width af-x:AFX_0002874 true # generate polymorphic JSON schema ] ; sh:qualifiedMinCount 1 ; . It is translated to a JSON schema that allows one of "peak width at half height": {} "peak width at 5% height": {} "peak width at 10% height": {} "peak width at baseline" : {} If the 'has polymorphic JSON schema' annotation is false or unspecified, then only "peak width": {} is allowed and the JSON schema is more restrictive than the SHACL shape.
Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.
Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2
The range of skos:altLabel is the class of RDF plain literals.
skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties.
An alternative lexical label for a resource.
Acronyms, abbreviations, spelling variants, and irregular plural/singular forms may be included among the alternative labels for a concept. Mis-spelled terms are normally included as hidden labels (see skos:hiddenLabel).
A note about a modification to a concept.
A statement or formal explanation of the meaning of a concept.
A note for an editor, translator or maintainer of the vocabulary.
The range of skos:hiddenLabel is the class of RDF plain literals.
A lexical label for a resource that should be hidden when generating visual displays of the resource, but should still be accessible to free text search operations.
A note about the past state/use/meaning of a concept.
This property may be used directly, or as a super-property for more specific note types.
A resource has no more than one value of skos:prefLabel per language tag, and no more than one value of skos:prefLabel without language tag.
The range of skos:prefLabel is the class of RDF plain literals.
The preferred lexical label for a resource, in a given language.
A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept.
Time is a measure in which events can be ordered from the past through the present into the future, and also the measure of durations of events and the intervals between them. [Wikipedia]
The difference between two discrete points next to each other in a range of discrete values. [Allotrope]
A device property can be set between a minimum and maximum value but only in steps of the increment value.
Step size of sweeping over 2Theta, unit °
2020-11-12 Added alternative label and changed definition. [Allotrope]
A planned process selects a participant if the participant is chosen to influence the process towards some objective but is itself not essentially changed by a process. [Allotrope]
For the process of titration a pH meter is used as well as a sample and a standard solution. [Allotrope]
This relation indicates that the subject is a more concrete instance of the object. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range or a set of values. [Allotrope]
Relates an output entity such as a material or information object with a process that exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]
Relates an input entity such a material entity or information object with a process that exists at the start of the process. [Allotrope]
A condition that restricts an entity. [Allotrope]
An ingredient is a material that enters into a compound or is part of any combination or mixture. [Allotrope]
Inverse of SHACL targets e.g. sh:targetClass or sh:targetNode. [Allotrope]
A scope defines a situation or context in which a dependent entity such as a condition or contextual role occurs or is valid. [Allotrope]
2020-06-08 Removed super property functionally related to. [Allotrope]
Relates a process with a continuant that participates in the process and exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]
Relates a process with a continuant that participates in the process and exists at the start of the process. [Allotrope]
An entity has a condition that restricts the entity in some way. [Allotrope]
Relates a process with an information object that participates in a process and exists the start of the process. [Allotrope]
Relates a process with an information object that participates in the process and exists the end of the process. [Allotrope]
The material that is output of the process. [Allotrope]
This property links a collection to a member item. [Allotrope]
Inverse of 'has data input'. [Allotrope]
Inverse of 'has material input'. [Allotrope]
The highest value of a range excluding the boundary value. [Allotrope]
The highest value of a range including the boundary value. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range or set of values excluding the boundary value. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range or set of values including the boundary value. [Allotrope]
Refers to the material entity that is an input of a process. [Allotrope]
The relation between a process and its log. A log is a steadily updated information object containing data of events in time such as process executions. [Allotrope]
log files, auto export file of cell counter devices
A physical object that is a component that is a physical part of another physical object that is a system. [Allotrope]
part of relation in the system perspective
The property specifies of which kind of general portion of material something is built of. [Allotrope]
a weighing pan that is composed of platinum [Allotrope]
A physical object that forms a system that has as part a physical entity that is one of its components. [Allotrope]
has part relation in the system perspective
Relation between a system and a component of it that has the role of a port in the system though which material, energy or information flows in or out of the system. [Allotrope]
The relation of an entity to a description of it which refers to the qualification of an entity to perform a certain function. [Allotrope]
The relation between a container and its physical content. A material entity a contains a material entity b if b is located in some cavity of a. [Allotrope]
A classification is a kind of categorization in order to differentiate between different classes of objects. [Allotrope]
A system that is attached to another system by an ingoing port. [Allotrope]
A system that is attached to another system by an outgoing port. [Allotrope]
Reference object relates an entity A to some entity B that is taken as a reference for A in a certain context. [Allotrope]
The relation between a proposition about of a portion of reality and a process asserting that the process is described truthfully by the description. [Allotrope]
The relation between a function with an objective and another function that when realized acts as a proxy to achieve the objective of the first. [Allotrope]
A relation between a process profile and a changing determinable quality of some participant of the process of the profile. [Allotrope]
An profile of the absorption in a chromatography is quality process profile of the quality absorption of some participating material. [Allotrope]
The relation is usually used with punning of the quality.
Relation of something that is quantified by some quantity value which expresses it relative to some other thing. [Allotrope]
The duration of a process expressed as 60 sec expresses it in quantitative relation to the duration of some second defining process specified in the SI systems of units.
The relation between a quality and a process profile in which the quality is changing. [Allotrope]
Relation of some process that is quantified by some quantity value which expresses its duration relative to other process or a temporal aggregation function on the quantification of a quality of some participant over this duration. [Allotrope]
The process of injection has a material flow profile of the injected material that is quantified by the volume of 1 mL/sec.
The quantity value that is the result of averaging a quality of some participant of the process over the duration of the process or the quantification of the participant's quality at the temporal granularity of the duration of the process. [Allotrope]
The temporal maximum quantified by is the maximum of the quantification of some quality of a participant that occurred during the process. [Allotrope]
The temporal minimum quantified by is the minimum of the quantification of some quality of a participant that occurred during the process. [Allotrope]
Quantification of some determinate quality which expresses it relative to some other (known) determinate quality. [Allotrope]
A portion of water has some determinate temperature quality that is quantified by the quantity value of 15° C.
Relation to a data item that describes the boundaries of possible or existing qualities, process profiles or process durations that can be ordered. [Allotrope]
Describes is a property of an entity which has the ability to indicate or denote certain characteristics in another entity. [Allotrope]
The relation of a process profile of some changing quality to a process. [Allotrope]
A pressure profile in chromatography. [Allotrope]
Specifies is a relation between a specification and the object specified. [Allotrope]
The relation of an entity to an identifier that denotes it. [Allotrope]
The relation of an identifier to the entity it denotes. [Allotrope]
Occurrent quantified by relates an occurrent entity with an information content entity that is a quantification of the occurrent (duration, rate). [Allotrope]
2018-07-23 Change hierarchy, subproperty of member of [Allotrope]
In collection relates an item to a collection entity. [Allotrope]
Inverse of quality influences. [Allotrope]
Holds between qualities a and b such that if a process changes the quality to some other instance a' then for some a' it is necessary that b changes to another instance b'. [Allotrope]
Holds between qualities a and b such that if a process changes the quality to some other instance a' != a then for all a' it is necessary that b changes to another instance b' != b. [Allotrope]
Inverse of quality strongly influences. [Allotrope]
Inverse of has contextual role. [Allotrope]
W. Ceusters, P. Elkin, B. Smith Referent Tracking: The Problem of Negative Findings 2006
Property describing the absence of a particular in relation to another particular depending on its spatio-temporal existence. [Allotrope]
if punning to a universal class: A particular is not the instance of a given class at some given time. A particular is not related in a specific way to any instance of a universal at some given time.
The relation between the abstract facet and a specific information that represents the facet. [Allotrope]
a label facet can be implemented as a barcode or written text
This relation is intended to bridge between different perspectives on the taxonomy of information content entities.
The relation between an information object and its contextual role. [Allotrope]
The relation between a conceptual role and the process where the contextual role is realized. [Allotrope]
Inverse of 'has data output'. [Allotrope]
Inverse of 'has material output'. [Allotrope]
The relation between a representation and its content independent of form. [Allotrope]
The relation between the information and the way it is represented. [Allotrope]
Has effort component relates an energy with its quality of effort. [Allotrope]
Has flow component relates an energy with its quality of flow. [Allotrope]
An information content entity has information derived from some other information content entity, if there is a data processing that transforms the other into it, either transforming the representational form or the content. [Allotrope]
2018-10-24 Moved to relation ontology. [Allotrope]
P has direct input c if and only if c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p, c is present at the end of p. [Allotrope]
P has output c if and only if c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and c is not present at the end of p. [Allotrope]
An experimental step consumes a sample. [Allotrope]
2020-11-12 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A planned process targets a continuant if the continuant is a participant in the process and it in important part of towards the main objective of the process' plan. [Allotrope]
A hardness test targets the hardness quality. [Allotrope]
Has proper part is an antisymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a whole and a distinct part. [SIO]
An atom has subatomic particles as its proper parts.
Facet of relates two information content entities where one information content entity is an aspect of the other one. [Allotrope]
Has categorical value is a facet that relates an information content entity to a code that describes a category for classification. [Allotrope]
Has description relates an entity to an information content entity that is its description. [Allotrope]
Relation between an information content entity and some part of it called a facet that is covers some general aspect of information context. [Allotrope]
Has specification relates an entity to an information content entity that is its specification. [Allotrope]
The relation between a classification and something that is grouped by the classification. [Allotrope]
2018-08-29 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
Inverse of facet concretized as. [Allotrope]
The relation of an information object to an entity that gives some indication of magnitude of a quality, information facet or process. [Allotrope]
The relation between an index and the entity in an aggregate or list it denotes. [Allotrope]
The relation between an object and an index that denotes the object within an aggregate the object is member of. [Allotrope]
The relation between a proxy entity and a target entity where the target entity is a real participant in some process or the subject of an information content entity but is not referenced directly, but instead the proxy is used as a surrogate or representation for it. [Allotrope]
A measurement of a quality to indirectly measure another quality.
An object aggregate as a proxy for a collection.
The relation an entity and an associated SKOS concept. [Allotrope]
The relation is intended to relate a classifying datum with a SKOS concept, but there might be other uses. [Allotrope]
A core relation that holds between a whole and a proper part without an intermediate part at a level of granularity. [Allotrope]
2020-06-22 Added alt labels, subclassed under 'related by order'. [Allotrope]
Is followed by is a relation between entities that are items in an ordered sequence. For each pair of entities P, S being a member of the sequence, there exists an ordering function o so that o(P) < o(S). Iff o(P) < o(S) then P is followed by S. [Allotrope]
Follows is a relation between entities that are items in an ordered sequence. For each pair of entities P, S being a member of the sequence, there exists an ordering function o so that o(P) < o(S). Iff o(S) > o(P) the S follows P. [Allotrope]
Is immediately followed by is a relation between entities that are items in an ordered sequence. For each pair of entities P, S being a member of the sequence, there exists an ordering function o so that o(P) < o(S). Iff for members P, S of the sequence, there is no member I that o(P) < o(I) < o(S), then P is immediately followed by S. [Allotrope]
Immediately follows is a relation between entities that are items in an ordered sequence. For each pair of entities P, S being a member of the sequence, there exists an ordering function o so that o(P) < o(S). Iff for members P, S of the sequence, there is no member I that o(S) > o(I) > o(P), then S follows P. [Allotrope]
Relation of is a relation of a relational entity to the referred entities. [Allotrope]
A ratio quality is relation of two qualities of the same kind, whose magnitude is a ratio value.
A sum datum is relation of its summands.
This predicate is often used with punning, to avoid pre-coordination of ratios or differences. A af-q:ratio 'af-x:relation of' pato:mass is a mass ratio quality.
Relates to is a relation between a directed relational entity to the target of the relation. [Allotrope]
Relates from is a relation between a directed relational entity to the source of the relation. [Allotrope]
The relation between a definition and the entity that is defined by it. [Allotrope]
Has definition relates an entity to an information content entity that is its definition. [Allotrope]
A process observing process p observes a process q if p produces information about the process q, such as the duration, or about some independent continuant participating in q in an important active or passive role. [Allotrope]
An entity applies a specification or mathematical function, if the specification specifies the entity and the entity conforms or follows the specification. [Allotrope]
A relation between a realizable entity and a requirement, that states that the process or process boundary that realizes it, satisfies all conditions of the requirement. [Allotrope]
The relation between a log and the process the log is describing. [Allotrope]
The relation between a capability proposition and the subject it is about. [Allotrope]
A relation between entities that are ordered into a list. [Allotrope]
A continuant is target of a planned process if the continuant is a participant in the process and it in important part of towards the main objective of the process' plan. [Allotrope]
A continuant is selected or used in planned process if the participant is chosen to influence the process towards some objective but is itself not essentially changed by a process. [Allotrope]
Has state is a relation between an continuant c and a state s where the c participates in s and s is expressed in the same way in terms of c at all times during s. [Allotrope]
A relation between a state s and a continuant c where the c is a participant of s and s is expressed in the same way in terms of c at all times during s. [Allotrope]
The relation between an information content object and its statistic datum role. [Allotrope]
X is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y if and only if ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. [RO]
X precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y if and only if ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. [RO]
b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t [RO]
b located at r means that r is a spatial region in which independent continuant b is exactly located. [BFO]
b exists_at t means: b is an entity which exists at some temporal region t. [BFO]
b has occurrent part c =Def. b has part c & b and c are occurrents.
B has_proper_occurrent_part c =Def. b has_occurrent_part c & b and c are not identical. [BFO]
p occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. This is a primitive relation between an occurrent p and the spatiotemporal region s which is its spatiotemporal extent. [BFO]
b occurrent_part_of c =Def. b is a part of c & b and c are occurrents. [BFO]
B proper_occurrent_part_of c =Def. b occurrent_part_of c & b and c are not identical. [BFO]
B temporal_part_of c =Def.b occurrent_part_of c & & for some temporal region t, b occupies_temporal_region t & for all occurrents d, t (if d occupies_temporal_region t & t? occurrent_part_of t then (d occurrent_part_of a iff d occurrent_part_of b)). [BFO]
The 4th year of your life is a temporal part of your life. [BFO]
The first quarter of a game of football is a temporal part of the whole game. [BFO]
The process boundary which separates the 3rd and 4th years of your life. [BFO]
The process of your heart beating from 4pm to 5pm today is a temporal part of the entire process of your heart beating. [BFO]
b history_of c if c is a material entity or site and b is a history that is the unique history of c
This document is about information artifacts and their representations. [IAO]
Denotes is a primitive, instance-level, relation obtaining between an information content entity and some portion of reality. Denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something. The only relation between E and the thing is that E can be used to 'pick out' the thing. This relation connects those two together. Freedictionary.com sense 3: To signify directly; refer to specifically [IAO]
A person's name denotes the person. [IAO]
A variable name in a computer program denotes some piece of memory. [IAO]
Lexically equivalent strings can denote different things, for instance "Alan" can denote different people. In each case of use, there is a case of the denotation relation obtaining, between "Alan" and the person that is being named. [IAO]
A relation between continuant instances c1 and c2 where within a protocol application, measurement of c1 is related to a what would be the measurement of c2. [OBI]
Florescent intensity is proxy for amount of protein labeled with GFP [OBI]
position on a gel is proxy for mass and charge of molecule in an western blot [OBI]
The relation of the cells in the finger of the skin to the finger, in which an indeterminate number of grains are parts of the whole by virtue of being grains in a collective that is part of the whole, and in which removing one granular part does not nec- essarily damage or diminish the whole. Ontological Whether there is a fixed, or nearly fixed number of parts - e.g. fingers of the hand, chambers of the heart, or wheels of a car - such that there can be a notion of a single one being missing, or whether, by contrast, the number of parts is indeterminate - e.g., cells in the skin of the hand, red cells in blood, or rubber molecules in the tread of the tire of the wheel of the car. [OBI]
A relation between granular parts and the whole of which they are a part. Granular parts have indeterminate number such that removing one granular part does not necessarily damage or diminish the whole. [OBI]
A relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. [RO]
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. [RO]
A relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process [RO]
A relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process [RO]
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants. [RO]
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant). [RO]
An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process). [RO]
A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant. [RO]
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
A relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. [RO]
A relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. [RO]
A relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. [RO]
A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. [RO]
this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
A relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence. [RO]
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. [RO]
A relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence [RO]
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. [RO]
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) [RO]
A relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence, [RO]
A relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity. [RO]
this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division)
this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division)
A relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity. [RO]
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'. [RO]
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location [RO]
A relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location. [RO]
a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity [RO]
A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts. [RO]
Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape. [RO]
the surface of my skin is a 2D boundary of my body
a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity [RO]
A part of relation that applies only between occurrents. [RO]
Primitive instance level timing relation between events [RO]
t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2) [RO]
t1 before t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simulataneous_with t2 and not (t1 simultaneous_with t2) [RO]
X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) [RO]
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) [RO]
X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) [RO]
X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) [RO]
X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) [RO]
X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). [RO]
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y [RO]
X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary. [RO]
A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common [RO]
Note that it would be possible to use the relation to label the relationship between a near infinite number of structures - between the rings of saturn and my left earlobe. The intent is that this is used for parsiomoniously for disambiguation purposes - for example, between siblings in a jointly exhaustive pairwise disjointness hierarchy [RO]
a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b [RO]
C connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system. [IAO]
A is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b. [IAO]
W 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. [RO]
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit. [RO]
Process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2. [RO]
negatively regulates (process to process)
Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. [RO]
positively regulates (process to process)
Process(P1) positively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. [RO]
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. [RO]
this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)
mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception [RO]
C stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. [RO]
X actively participates in y if and only if x participates in y and x realizes some active role [RO]
X has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y [RO]
X surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies the majority of the outermost boundary of x [RO]
X adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary. [RO]
A caterpillar walking on the surface of a leaf is adjacent_to the leaf, if one of the caterpillar appendages is touching the leaf. In contrast, a butterfly flying close to a flower is not considered adjacent, unless there are any touching parts.
The epidermis layer of a vertebrate is adjacent to the dermis.
The plasma membrane of a cell is adjacent to the cytoplasm, and also to the cell lumen which the cytoplasm occupies.
The skin of the forelimb is adjacent to the skin of the torso if these are considered anatomical subdivisions with a defined border. Otherwise a relation such as continuous_with would be used.
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. [RO]
X starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) and ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. [RO]
X ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) and ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. [RO]
C involved in regulation of p if c enables 'p' and p' causally upstream of p [RO]
C acts upstream of or within p if c is enables 'p' and p' causally upstream of or within p [RO]
holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x decreases the frequency, rate or extent of y [RO]
Q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. [RO]
A mereological relationship or a topological relationship [RO]
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships [RO]
if and only if exists c', p' c part_of c' and c' capable_of p and c capable_of p' and p' part_of p then c contributes_to p [RO]
This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized. [RO]
a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity [RO]
This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function. [RO]
C involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p [RO]
P regulates levels of c if p regulates some amount (PATO:0000070) of c [RO]
every cellular sphingolipid homeostasis process regulates_level_of some sphingolipid
A relationship that holds via some process of localization. [RO]
This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from some initial location l to some destination. [RO]
This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from a an initial location to some destination l. [RO]
Holds between p and l when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that is aligned_with l. [RO]
Holds between p and m when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that crosses m. [RO]
'mitochondrial transport' results_in_transport_to_from_or_in some mitochondrion (GO:0005739)
An organism that is a member of a population of organisms. [RO]
Has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. [RO]
A is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a. [IAO]
X spatially_coextensive_with y if and only if x and y have the same location [RO]
inverse of immediately causally upstream of
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. [IAO]
This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes. [IAO]
P is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain [RO]
P is immediately causally upstream of q if and only if both (a) p immediately precedes q and (b) p is causally upstream of q. In addition, the output of p must be an input of q. [RO]
P 'causally upstream or within' q if and only if (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q. [RO]
C involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some 'p' and p' regulates some p [RO]
involved in or involved in regulation of
C involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p [RO]
A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. [RO]
This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact. [RO]
relation used for defining interaction relations. An interaction relation holds when there is an interaction event with two partners. In a directional interaction, one partner is deemed the subject, the other the target [RO]
relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'subject participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process. [RO]
in a predator-prey interaction process the subject is the predator
Relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'target participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process [RO]
in a predator-prey interaction process the target is the prey
A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process. [RO]
P is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q. [RO]
Being determined, based or contingent on something. [Allotrope]
Q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2 [RO]
This relation is provided in order to support the use of relational qualities such as 'concentration of'; for example, the concentration of C in V is a quality that inheres in V, but pertains to C. [RO]
P has intermediate c if and only if p has parts p1, p2 and p1 has output c, and p2 has input c [RO]
causal relation between material entities
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. [RO]
determined by (system to material entity)
S determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s. [RO]
S 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w. [RO]
A relation that holds between two entities that have the property of being sequences or having sequences. [RO]
x is sequentially adjacent to y if and only if x and y do not overlap and if there are no base units intervening between x and y [RO]
x has start sequence y if the start of x is identical to the start of y, and x has y as a subsequence [RO]
x has end sequence y if the end of x is identical to the end of y, and x has y as a subsequence [RO]
x bounds the sequence of y if and only if the upstream-most part of x is upstream of or coincident with the upstream-most part of y, and the downstream-most part of x is downstream of or coincident with the downstream-most part of y [RO]
x has subsequence y if and only if all of the sequence parts of x are sequence parts of y [RO]
x overlaps the sequence of x if and only if x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y. [RO]
x does not overlaps the sequence of x if and only if there is no z such that x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y. [RO]
x is downstream of the sequence of y if and only if either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, and x is either immediately downstream of y, or transitively downstream of y. [RO]
is immediately downstream of sequence of
x is immediately downstream of the sequence of y if and only if either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, and x is sequentially adjacent to y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, in which case the immediately downstream relation is primitive and defined by context: for DNA bases, y would be adjacent and 5' to y [RO]
inverse of immediately downstream of [RO]
causally influenced by (material entity to material entity)
causally influences (material entity to material entity)
Holds between materal entities a and b if the activity of a is causally upstream of the activity of b, or causally upstream of a an activity that modifies b [RO]
X is a conduit for y if and only if y overlaps through the lumen_of of x, and y has parts on either side of the lumen of x. [RO]
This relation holds between a thing with a 'conduit' (e.g. a bone foramen) and a 'conduee' (for example, a nerve) such that at the time the relationship holds, the conduee has two ends sticking out either end of the conduit. It should therefore note be used for objects that move through the conduit but whose spatial extent does not span the passage. For example, it would not be used for a mountain that contains a long tunnel through which trains pass. Nor would we use it for a digestive tract and objects such as food that pass through. [RO]
S 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p [RO]
causal relation between material entity and a process
A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. [RO]
C is marker for d if and only if the presence or occurrence of d is correlated with the presence of occurrence of c, and the observation of c is used to infer the presence or occurrence of d. Note that this does not imply that c and d are in a direct causal relationship, as it may be the case that there is a third entity e that stands in a direct causal relationship with c and d. [RO]
A relationship that holds between two entities, where the relationship holds based on the presence or absence of statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes. [RO]
A relationship that holds between two entities, where the entities exhibit a statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes. [RO]
Groups both positive and negative correlation
a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. [RO]
Note that this definition doesn't quite distinguish the output of a transformation process from a production process, which is related to the identity/granularity issue [RO]
chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix
hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent
A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal or contributing role that influences the condition. [RO]
A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal role for the condition. [RO]
A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some contributing role that influences the condition. [RO]
skos:broadMatch is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes.
Broader concepts are typically rendered as parents in a concept hierarchy (tree).
Relates a concept to a concept that is more general in meaning.
By convention, skos:broader is only used to assert an immediate (i.e. direct) hierarchical link between two conceptual resources.
skos:broaderTransitive is a transitive superproperty of skos:broader.
By convention, skos:broaderTransitive is not used to make assertions. Rather, the properties can be used to draw inferences about the transitive closure of the hierarchical relation, which is useful e.g. when implementing a simple query expansion algorithm in a search application.
skos:closeMatch is used to link two concepts that are sufficiently similar that they can be used interchangeably in some information retrieval applications. In order to avoid the possibility of "compound errors" when combining mappings across more than two concept schemes, skos:closeMatch is not declared to be a transitive property.
skos:exactMatch is disjoint with each of the properties skos:broadMatch and skos:relatedMatch.
skos:exactMatch is used to link two concepts, indicating a high degree of confidence that the concepts can be used interchangeably across a wide range of information retrieval applications. skos:exactMatch is a transitive property, and is a sub-property of skos:closeMatch.
Relates, by convention, a concept scheme to a concept which is topmost in the broader/narrower concept hierarchies for that scheme, providing an entry point to these hierarchies.
Relates a resource (for example a concept) to a concept scheme in which it is included.
A concept may be a member of more than one concept scheme.
These concept mapping relations mirror semantic relations, and the data model defined below is similar (with the exception of skos:exactMatch) to the data model defined for semantic relations. A distinct vocabulary is provided for concept mapping relations, to provide a convenient way to differentiate links within a concept scheme from links between concept schemes. However, this pattern of usage is not a formal requirement of the SKOS data model, and relies on informal definitions of best practice.
Relates two concepts coming, by convention, from different schemes, and that have comparable meanings
Relates a collection to one of its members.
For any resource, every item in the list given as the value of the skos:memberList property is also a value of the skos:member property.
Relates an ordered collection to the RDF list containing its members.
skos:narrowMatch is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes.
Narrower concepts are typically rendered as children in a concept hierarchy (tree).
Relates a concept to a concept that is more specific in meaning.
skos:narrowerTransitive is a transitive superproperty of skos:narrower.
By convention, skos:narrowerTransitive is not used to make assertions. Rather, the properties can be used to draw inferences about the transitive closure of the hierarchical relation, which is useful e.g. when implementing a simple query expansion algorithm in a search application.
skos:related is disjoint with skos:broaderTransitive
Relates a concept to a concept with which there is an associative semantic relationship.
skos:relatedMatch is used to state an associative mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes.
Links a concept to a concept related by meaning.
This property should not be used directly, but as a super-property for all properties denoting a relationship of meaning between concepts.
Relates a concept to the concept scheme that it is a top level concept of.
The number of objects counted. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range of literals. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range excluding the boundary value. [Allotrope]
The lowest value of a range including the boundary value. [Allotrope]
The highest value of a range of literals. [Allotrope]
The property flags an information as correct and without errors. [Allotrope]
Position in an ordered list. [Allotrope]
The literal piece of information as part of some information entity object. [Allotrope]
The collection size is the number of entries in a collection. [Allotrope]
A value that used as a basis for comparison. [Allotrope]
Tensor rank is the total number of indices required to identify each component of a tensor uniquely. It is equal to the dimension of the tensor. [Wikipedia]
The second index value in a multi-dimensional datum. [Allotrope]
The first index value in a multi-dimensional datum. [Allotrope]
Minimum error exclusive is the absolute error amount (exclusive) by which the actual value could be lower than the stated value. [Allotrope]
Maximum error exclusive is the absolute error amount (exclusive) by which the actual value could be higher than the stated value. [Allotrope]
The relative standard uncertainty of a measurement is the (absolute) standard uncertainty divided by the magnitude of the exact value. [QUDT]
The standard uncertainty of a quantity is the estimated standard deviation of the mean taken from a series of measurements. [QUDT]
The symbol for a unit is a glyph that is used to represent the unit in a compact form. [QUDT]
For example, the symbol for the US Dollar is $. This contrasts with unit:abbreviation, which gives a short alphanumeric abbreviation for the unit. (I.e. USD for US Dollar). [QUDT]
A notation, also known as classification code, is a string of characters such as "T58.5" or "303.4833" used to uniquely identify a concept within the scope of a given concept scheme.
By convention, skos:notation is used with a typed literal in the object position of the triple.
A range is an interval of values with a lower and/or upper limit. [Allotrope]
A set of codes in a controlled vocabulary. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Changed parent to symbol. [Allotrope]
An entry in a list of controlled symbols denoting a classification. [Allotrope]
A condition is an information content entity that is about the portion of reality under which something occurs or is valid. The condition is limited by its scope and may have preconditions. It restricts the possible realizations. [Allotrope]
2020-01-07 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
An and condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if all condition items of it are valid. [Allotrope]
An or condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if at least one of its condition items is valid. [Allotrope]
A one of condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if exactly one of its condition items is valid. [Allotrope]
A list is an ordered collection of items. [Allotrope]
A series is a list (ordered collection) of literal values. [Allotrope]
An individual entry in a series with an index and a numeric value. [Allotrope]
An aggregation of data items for a purpose. [Allotrope]
A collection itself is never an object aggregate, but an abstraction and might be about an object aggregate.
An item is an individual member of some collection. [Allotrope]
The item is not a physical object that is member of an object aggregate, but is an abstraction that might be about such an object.
A collection where each member is disjoint from another. [Allotrope]
Bernhard Wolf (31 August 1995). Handbook of Ion Sources. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2502-1.
A ion source is a device that has the function to produce or provide ions. [Allotrope]
Plumbing equipment are devices used as components of a plumbing system. [Allotrope]
A sample passage is the compartment of a device that handles the conveying of samples. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes. [CHMO]
2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]
2020-03-20 Added restriction. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]
2020-06-22 Moved under tray. [Allotrope]
A plate is a tray with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]
A mass-to-charge analyzer is a separation device that separates ionized masses by their mass to charge ratio. [Allotrope]
A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. [Wikipedia]
The anode is the electrode that acts as positive pole if voltage is applied (place of oxidation). [Allotrope]
A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]
2020-03-24 Added restriction. [Allotrope]
An artificial system that is mainly composed of devices. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus that has the form of a tube with a diameter of less than a millimeter and hosts the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell, that is used to determine electric charge by measuring the amount of an element deposited or released at the cathode during a specified time. [Allotrope]
L.S. Ettre, "Nomenclature for Chromatography", Pure & Appl. Chem. 1993, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 819-872
A fraction collector is a collecting device for recovering fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a two-dimensional pattern of diodes and a prism, that is used to detect organic compounds. As the sample passes through a cell or cuvette it is illuminated with light in the region 190-1100 nm and any light transmitted through the sample is dispersed by the prism, so that light of different wavelengths falls on different diodes. The output from the array is used to construct an absorption spectrum that can be compared with standard spectra for identification purposes. Alternatively, a single diode can be used to monitor a specific wavelength at which there is maximum absorption. [CHMO]
A source of a range of electromagnetic waves. [Allotrope]
A flow cell is a measurement chamber that allows the sample to flow through. [Allotrope]
A Karl-Fischer coulometer is a piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell with an anodic compartment containing sulfur dioxide (SO2), iodide and a cathodic compartment containing the sample, which is used to determine trace amounts of water in a sample by measuring the time and current flow required to reach the titration end-point. [CHMO]
An open-tubular column in which a porous layer, achieved by either etching a non-porous layer or by deposition of porous particles from a suspension, coats the inner wall and may serve as a support for a liquid stationary phase or as the stationary phase itself. [CHMO]
K. K. Murray, R. K. Boyd, M. N. Eberlin, G. J. Langley, L. Li and Y. Naito, Pure Appl. Chem., 2013, 85, 1515-1609
A skimmer is a cone with a central orifice that intercepts the center of a spray or jet expansion to sample the central portion of the expansion, for example, as in a momentum separator. [IUPAC]
An optical microscope is a microscope that is consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. [CHMO]
A chromatography column used for analysis. [Allotrope]
An overhead stirrer is a stirrer that is made up of a stirring rod with a paddle, anchor or propeller end that is driven by an overhead motor on a stand. [Allotrope]
A communication channel or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel. A channel is used to convey an information signal, for example a digital bit stream, from one or several senders (or transmitters) to one or several receivers. [Wikipedia]
A reactor is a container for controlling a biological or chemical reaction or process. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus that is planar and is or hosts the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]
K. Grob, Split and Splitless Injection for Quantitative Gas Chromatography: Concepts, Processes, Practical Guidelines, Sources of Error, 4th, Completely Revised Edition (Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2001).
An inlet into a gas chromatograph. [Allotrope]
ultra high-performance liquid chromatograph
2020-03-20 Changed equivalentClass to subClass. [Allotrope]
Liquid chromatograph that implements the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography. [Allotrope]
2018-03-06 Changed definition to Aristotelian form. [Allotrope]
A spectrophotometer is a photometer that measures the intensity of light at each individual wavelength. [Allotrope]
A stir bar is a small magnetic bar used in a magnetic stirrer. [Allotrope]
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TERMINOLOGY TO BE USED WITH PRECISION BALANCES, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1(1), 171-176
legal metrology definition of analytical balances
An analytical balance has a capacity of 50 - 200 g with a precision of 0.01 - 0.05 mg. [IUPAC]
A flame ionization detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionization. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column is a type of column that contains a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of compounds. [Allotrope]
An electron ionization source is an ion source that consists of an ionization chamber and a thin strip of metal that is heated electrically to incandescence or a temperature at which it emits free electrons that are accelerated through a potential to an energy where they ionize the sample. [CHMO]
high-performance liquid chromatography system
A high-performance liquid chromatograph is an instrument used for HPLC that is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate the components in a mixture, to identify each component, and to quantify each component. It has pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Each component in the sample interacts slightly differently with the adsorbent material, causing different flow rates for the different components and leading to the separation of the components as they flow out the column. [Wikipedia]
high-performance liquid chromatography column
A chromatography column that contains very small particles and is capable of taking a high inlet pressure. [CHMO]
PAC, 1993, 65, 819 (Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993))
A chromatography detector is a detector that is used in chromatography as component of a chromatography system. [Allotrope]
A weighing device is a measurement device for measuring mass by the gravitational force on earth. [Allotrope]
A device that introduces objects into the inside of another object. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a strong anion exchanger. [CHMO]
A homogenizer is a device used for homogenization of various types of material. [Wikipedia]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a weak anion exchanger. [CHMO]
An open-tubular column in which a layer of porous particles deposited from a suspension coats the inner wall and serves as a support for a liquid stationary phase. [CHMO]
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
2018-12-20 Changed definition to align with other GC detectors. [Allotrope]
A thermal conductivity detector is a measurement component that measures changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]
Any piece of apparatus used to detect an analyte. [CHMO]
A separate enclosed physical section of a device that can contain other devices. [Allotrope]
A sensor that measures the pressure. [Allotrope]
A vial is a small vessel or bottle. [Allotrope]
A capillary is a tube with a small diameter. [Allotrope]
A temperature controlled chamber is a chamber or enclosed space in which a temperature can be controlled and set to a specific value. [Allotrope]
A device is an artifact that is designed to perform a function primarily by means of its mechanical or electrical nature. [Allotrope]
A device has a designed form or physical structure. This distinguishes a device from a chemical and a biological artifact, that are typical bulk or portions of materials without a designed form. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a strong cation exchanger. [CHMO]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a hollow prism and a photoelectric cell that is used to detect non-ultraviolet-absorbing molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. Light from the sample passes through a flow cell with two channels towards the photoelectric cell. One channel holds the eluent from the column, whereas the other holds a control sample (solvent that has not passed through the column). Detection occurs when the light is bent due to molecules eluting from the column, and this is read as a disparity between the two channels. [CHMO]
A conductivity probe to calculate the conductance value of a material at the selected reference temperature. [Allotrope]
A chemical ionization source is an ion source that consists of a high-pressure ionization chamber containing a reagent gas (for example N2, O2 or H2O) which is ionized by high-energy electrons from a heated strip of metal and goes on to react with the analyte to ionize it. [CHMO]
A magnetic stirrer or magnetic mixer is a laboratory device that employs a rotating magnetic field to cause a stir bar (also called "flea") immersed in a liquid to spin very quickly, thus stirring it. [Wikipedia]
The reservoir is a container that stores solutions. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]
A device that has the function to contain material. [Allotrope]
A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. [Allotrope]
UV-Vis molecular absorption spectrometer
molecular electronic absorption spectrometer
A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the range ultraviolet to visible (190--800 nm). [CHMO]
An electrode is an electrically-conducting device that exchanges electrons with an electrolyte as part of an electrical circuit. [Allotrope]
A short protective chromatography column used to protect the main analytical column from damaging impurities that are injected into the instrument. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eluent supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column containing a swollen gel, a detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]
A sample inlet is an in port of a measurement or separation device where sample material is passing in to the device. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus used to measure a spectrum by illumination with light. [Allotrope]
A damper is an inhibition device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]
A pump is a device that is used to pump. [CHMO]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a cation exchanger. [CHMO]
A device used to count the number of cells present in known volume of sample to determine the overall concentration cells per unit volume. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus that consists of an ion source, a mass-to-charge analyzer, a detector and a vacuum system and is used to measure mass spectra. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyzer, which holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [IUPAC]
A device used to control the temperature in a compartment. [Allotrope]
The cathode is the electrode that acts as negative pole if voltage is applied (place of reduction). [Allotrope]
An electron capture detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]
2020-06-22 Moved under tray, renamed and updated definition. [Allotrope]
A vial rack is a tray capable of holding multiple vials within a defined layout. [Allotrope]
Ion trapping device that depends on the application of radio frequency potentials between a ring electrode and two end-cap electrodes to confine the ion motion to a cyclic path described by an appropriate form of the Mathieu equation. The choice of these potentials determines the m/z value below which ions are not trapped. [IUPAC]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is an anion exchanger. [CHMO]
A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the ultraviolet range (190-400 nm). [CHMO]
A device to acquire signals or data. [Allotrope]
A device used to split a fluid into two component streams. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the emitted fluorescence light after excitation with light. [Allotrope]
A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas measurement. [Allotrope]
A capillary electrophoresis column is a type of column that is used in capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
A degasser is a device to remove gasses from a fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. [Wikipedia]
A. G. Marshall, C. L. Hendrickson, G. S. Jackson. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 17, 1 (1998).
J. P. Holder, L. Gruber, H. E. DeWitt, B. R. Beck, D. A. Church, D. Schneider. Phys. Scr., T 92, 158 (2001).
A ion trap is a device for spatially confining ions using electric and magnetic fields alone or in combination. [IUPAC]
A piece of apparatus that produces an output that depends on the number of ions that it encounters. [CHMO]
A measurement chamber is a closed space that contains the sample for measurement. [Allotrope]
Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609.
A mass spectrometer is a measurement device that measures the m/z values and abundances of gas-phase ions. [IUPAC]
Inlet used for introducing the liquid sample into an electrospray ionization source. [PSI/MS]
supercritical-fluid chromatography device
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to its critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column in which either the inner tube wall or a liquid or active solid held stationary on the tube wall acts as the stationary phase and there is an open, unrestricted path for the mobile phase. [CHMO]
A chromatography column that contains a solid packing. [CHMO]
A balance is a weighing device, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a photoelectric cell, a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light, which is used to detect the absorbance of ultraviolet (190-400 nm) light by molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. [CHMO]
A tube, or tubing, is a long hollow cylinder used for moving fluids (liquids or gases) or to protect electrical or optical cables and wires. [Wikipedia]
A device that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes for both a sample and a reference. [CHMO]
An electronic absorbance detector is a detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]
An array column is a column that contains multiple columns at the same time. [Allotrope]
A syringe is an injection device that is a simple pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube. The plunger can be pulled and pushed along inside a cylindrical tube (called a barrel), allowing the syringe to take in and expel a liquid or gas through an orifice at the open end of the tube. [Wikipedia]
Devices designed to control the formation, focusing, and deflection of charged particle beams in a vacuum under the influence of electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC]
A splitless inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet enabling the carrier gas to sweep the volatilized sample onto the GC column. [Allotrope]
A display is a device or element of an instrument serving to represent information. [Allotrope]
An ion source inlet is an inlet into an ion source of a mass spectrometer. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a weak cation exchanger. [CHMO]
A single quadrupole mass spectrometer is a type of quadrupole mass spectrometer that uses one single quadrupole field. [Allotrope]
An open-tubular column in which the liquid stationary phase is coated on the unmodified smooth inner wall of the tube. [CHMO]
A kind of heat exchanger or radiator designed to remove excess heat. [Wikipedia]
2020-06-18 Move under controller. [Allotrope]
A valve is a plumbing equipment that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. [Wikipedia]
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer
UV-visible-near IR absorption spectrometer
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared absorption spectrometer
A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (190--2000 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
A chromatography column where the stationary phase is an ion exchanger. [CHMO]
low pressure liquid chromatography device
A liquid chromatograph is a system used to perform bioseparation techniques that are based on interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. [Allotrope]
The system consists of a chromatographic separation unit and a computer running the system control software. The system can be operated in a fully automated manner or in manual mode. It consists of different modules, components, and accessories. [Allotrope]
A split inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet followed by a splitter enabling the carrier gas to sweep a part of volatilized sample onto the GC column, with that remaining split/swept to waste. [Allotrope]
A stirrer is a mixing device used for stirring something. [Allotrope]
An oven is a device for heating an enclosed space. [Allotrope]
A microscope is a device which is used to visually magnify a specimen. [Allotrope]
A solvent channel is a channel where a liquid can flow through. [Allotrope]
Connection point of a system through which flows material, energy or information. [Allotrope]
A port is used to transfer sample from a sample container to the sample measuring device or instrument. [Allotrope]
Any piece of apparatus used to measure electric charge. [CHMO]
A piece of apparatus used to measure a spectrum. [CHMO]
A titrator is a device that automates titrations. [Allotrope]
A long narrow cut or opening. [Allotrope]
A site that is related to a device. [Allotrope]
A quadrupole is a mass-to-charge analyzer that holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [Allotrope]
A vessel used for regulating the temperature of something placed within it. [Allotrope]
A device used for heating something. [Allotrope]
An agitator is a device or mechanism to put something into motion. [Wikipedia]
A mixer is a device used for mixing. [Allotrope]
Jars are cylindrical containers with wide openings that may be sealed. [Wikipedia]
A photometer, generally, is an instrument that measures light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. [Wikipedia]
A controlled lab reactor is a reactor that maintains temperature and other reaction parameters and has measuring devices. [Allotrope]
In chemistry, a Controlled Lab Reactor or CLR is any reaction system where there is an element of automated control. Generally these devices refers to a jacketed glass vessel where a circulating chiller unit pumps a thermal control fluid through the jacket to accurately control the temperature of the vessel contents. Additional to this, it is common to have a series of sensors (temperature, pH, pressure) measuring and recording parameters about the reactor contents. It is additionally possible to control pumps to act on the reactor. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-23 Fixed definition. [Allotrope]
A differential scanning calorimetry pan is a pan for use in a differential scanning calorimeter that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]
A mass flow controller is a device that determines the mixture of different materials. [Allotrope]
In DVS, the mass flow controller generates the required mixture of dry and saturated gas.
A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. [Wikipedia]
A pressure regulator is a controller that regulates a set pressure in a system. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1989, 61, 1657 (Nomenclature for automated and mechanised analysis (Recommendations 1989))
A sample is a device that function to sample known amounts of material. [Allotrope]
A tablet press is a mechanical device that compresses powder into tablets of uniform size and weight. To form a tablet, the granulated material must be metered into a cavity formed by two punches and a die, and then the punches must be pressed together to a set separation distance to allow the powder / granule to transform into a solid compact through compression. [Wikipedia]
An optical device is a device that creates, manipulates, or measures electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]
A cell holder is a type of container for samples in spectrophotometers. [Allotrope]
An excimer lamp is a light source of ultraviolet light produced by spontaneous emission of excimer (exciplex) molecules. [Wikipedia]
A UV lamp is a light source with an ultraviolet wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm. [Allotrope]
A tubing connector is a part used to connect/install tubing, components, and accessories as part of a system flow path configuration. [Allotrope]
A spin column is a column used for concentration of biological samples containing membranes for ultrafiltration. The solid phase is made up of silica to which the biological sample binds. [Allotrope]
A visible lamp is a light source with a visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. [Allotrope]
A deuterium lamp is a low-pressure gas-discharge light source that emits light with a continuous spectrum mainly in the ultraviolet region. [Wikipedia]
The fibrette is a fiber optics device that consists of a thin fiber and defines the point where a beam of light is emitted into a sample. [Allotrope]
A fibrette coupler connects a fibrette to a UV spectrophotometer and allows for precise adjustment of the path length. [Allotrope]
A device in which the sample is first introduced into a chamber (loop), temporarily isolated from the mobile phase system by valves, which can be switched to make an instantaneous diversion of the mobile phase stream through the chamber to carry the sample to the column. [IUPAC]
A device which directly introduces the sample into the mobile-phase stream. [IUPAC]
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance). [Wikipedia]
PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))
A lamp is an electromagnetic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]
An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]
A needle is a device consisting of a very thin, hollow tube with a sharp tip which contains a small opening at the pointed end. It is commonly used with a syringe. [Wikipedia]
202-01-21 Removed restrictions to MS. [Allotrope]
A measuring system is a device system which has the designed function of measurement. [Allotrope]
2020-03-24 Changed equiventClass to subClass. [Allotrope]
A LC-UV system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph and an ultra-violet detector component. [Allotrope]
A device that measures some aspect of reality, such as a quality or the profile of a process. [Allotrope]
A device that has the function to control some quality or process. [Allotrope]
2020-06-18 Moved under connecting device. [Allotrope]
A device that has the function to couple things. [Allotrope]
Plumbing is the system of pipes, tubing, drains, fittings, valves, and fixtures installed for the distribution of a liquid. [Wikipedia]
A device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. [Wikipedia]
A device that has the function to separate materials. [Allotrope]
A system that is created for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]
A separation column is a separation device of columnar shape where the separation occurs inside the column. [Allotrope]
A transferring device is a device that is designed to transfer material. [Allotrope]
A collecting device is a device that has the function to collect things. [Allotrope]
2020-03-24 Add restrictions. [Allotrope]
A system intended for pumping. [Allotrope]
A sensor is a component of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a quantity to be measured. [Allotrope]
A sensor can be a measuring device on its own, but is typically a part of it.
A measurement component is a component of a measuring system, that does measuring. [Allotrope]
The criteria is compromise. Some measurement components can be fully standalone measurement devices used in a component role, but are not typically used as such. A UV spectrometer is an electromagnetic absorbance measuring instrument and an elecctromagnetic absorbance detector has the same function, but it is used as part of a larger system, such as a HPLC-UV system.
An injection device component is a component of an injection device. [Allotrope]
A gas chromatography detector is a detector that is used in gas chromatography as component of a GC system. [Allotrope]
A guiding device is a device that has the function to direct a flow in a specific direction. [Allotrope]
An in port is a port in a device where material is flowing into the system boundary. [Allotrope]
An out port is a port in a device where material is flowing out of the system boundary. [Allotrope]
An in/out port is a port where a flow is going in both directions. [Allotrope]
A distribution device is a device with the function to distribute a stream into multiple parts. [Allotrope]
A split/splitless inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet that supports both split and splitless injection modes. [Allotrope]
A GC system is a device system that has a gas chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
A LC system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
A column compartment is a compartment in a chromatography system where the columns are held. [Allotrope]
2019-04-01 Adding 'ro:location of' some 'af-e:chromatography column' breaks Hermit reasoner. [Allotrope]
A liquid chromatography detector is a detector that is used in liquid chromatography as component of a LC system. [Allotrope]
A packed injector is a GC injector device in which the entire sample aliquot is vaporized and directly introduced onto the column. [Allotrope]
A monolithic columns is a chromatography column where the stationary phase synthesized in place as a single lattice structure in the column. [Allotrope]
A clock is a measurement device used to measure, keep, and indicate time. [Wikipedia]
A mass spectrometry system is a measuring system that is designed and assembled to realize the measurement function by way of mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]
A bench is a large table in a workspace or laboratory. [Allotrope]
A placement device is a device that is used to hold or place a material in a defined location. [Allotrope]
A table is a placement device with a flat top and one or more legs, providing a level surface for placement. [Allotrope]
A multimeter is an instrument designed to measure electric current, voltage, and usually resistance, typically over several ranges of value. [Allotrope]
A frequency generator is an electrical device which creates a signal at a predetermined frequency. [Allotrope]
Frequency generator with a single frequency, or adjustable to any frequency in the range that the generator supports.
A mass spectrometer ionization source is a piece of apparatus that takes an analyte and generates ions which are passed to the rest of a mass spectrometer for analysis. [CHMO]
A filament is a device that produces an electron stream to charge neutrals for analysis by mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]
A Karl-Fischer titrator is a titrator designed for Karl-Fischer titrations. [Allotrope]
A backpressure regulator is a pressure regulator that regulates a defined pressure upstream of itself (at its own inlet). [Allotrope]
A nozzle is a transferring device consisting of jet port with an opening for regulating and/or directing the flow of fluid. [Allotrope]
supercritical-fluid chromatography system
A SFC system is a device system that has a supercritical fluid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
A reactor jacket is a jacket that controls the temperature of a reactor. [Allotrope]
A covering device is a device that has the function to cover something. [Allotrope]
A jacket is a covering device that is placed around something. [Allotrope]
A connecting device is a device that has the function to connect things. [Allotrope]
A shaping device is a conversion device that alters the shape of some material. [Allotrope]
A conversion device is a device that has the function to convert something. [Allotrope]
A tray is a shallow, flat container. [Allotrope]
A data system is an artificial system of physical devices and software running on it designed to process information or control. [Allotrope]
A chromatography data system is a data system that controls a chromatography system and processes data participating in a chromatography run. [Allotrope]
laboratory information management system
A laboratory information management system is a data system used in laboratories to manage laboratory operations. [Allotrope]
A communication device is a device that has the function to communicate (transport information). [Allotrope]
A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light in two. [Wikipedia]
A array card block is a container that uses microfluidic cards to load and accept well plates. [Allotrope]
A well (plate) is a well located in a well plate. [Allotrope]
An observation device is a device that has the function to observe something. [Allotrope]
A PCR reaction block is a container for samples used in PCR instruments. [Allotrope]
A probe is a device designed to reach into a location for remote manipulating or sensing. [NCI]
A radiation source is a device that produces radiation used in a process. [Allotrope]
fast protein liquid chromatography system
A fast protein liquid chromatograph is an instrument used for FPLC that is a technique in analytical chemistry used to analyze or purify mixtures of proteins. A typical laboratory FPLC consist of one or two high-precision pumps, a control unit, a column, a detection system and a fraction collector. [Wikipedia]
An aperture is an inhibition device that is a small opening with the function of limiting the passage of matter or energy. [Allotrope]
A sample measurement interface is a connecting device through which measurements are captured. [Allotrope]
An inhibition device is a device that has the function to inhibit flows (material, energy, information). A part of the flow is passing through the device. [Allotrope]
A fast protein liquid chromatography system is a device system that has a fast protein liquid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
A compression device is a device that is designed to compress to volume of material by applying force. [Allotrope]
A disintegration apparatus is a measurement device that measures the time it takes for an object to become disintegrated. The apparatus has a disintegration device component to support the disintegration. [Allotrope]
A disintegration apparatus disc is a placement device used in a disintegration apparatus to hold objects below the solution level. [Allotrope]
A basket is a container with a mesh structure used to hold solid objects. [Allotrope]
A disintegration apparatus basket is a basket used in a disintegration apparatus to contain objects for disintegration. [Allotrope]
A lens is a guiding device with the function to converge or focus some radiation. [Allotrope]
A condenser lens is a lens with the function to converge a radiation beam to a defined beam size. [Allotrope]
A disconnecting device is a device that is designed to disconnect objects. [Allotrope]
A disintegration device is a device that is designed to disintegrate objects. [Allotrope]
A plate heater is a heating device that heats by means of a plate shaped heating element. [Allotrope]
A force gauge is a measurement device used to measure forces. [Allotrope]
A heater bar is a heating device that is long and thin. [Allotrope]
A heat seal is a coupling device that is the output of a heat sealing process. [Allotrope]
A gripping device is a device that takes holds of something firmly or tightly. [Allotrope]
A dissolution vessel is a container used in a dissolution. [Allotrope]
A nitrogen-phosphorus detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions via thermal heating over an alkali metal. [Allotrope]
A nitrogen chemiluminescence detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of nitrogen chemiluminescence. [Allotrope]
A sulfur chemiluminescence detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of sulfur chemiluminescence when reacting with ozone. [Allotrope]
A flame photometric detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of chemiluminescence as a result of ignition. [Allotrope]
An evaporative light scattering detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the scattering of light after nebulization with an inert carrier gas and evaporation of the solvent. [Allotrope]
A vial container is a container that has the function to contain vials. [Allotrope]
A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer is a measurement device used to conduct NMR experiments consisting of a magnet housing a sample space surrounded by two coils which act to transmit radio frequency radiation to the sample and to detect the response of the sample. [CHMO]
A nuclear magnetic resonance tube is a tube that is used in an NMR experiment. [Allotrope]
A bob is an agitator with either a flat or conical bottom surface. [Allotrope]
A cup is a container with a cylindrical shape and no top surface. [Allotrope]
A sensor chip is a device consisting of a substrate coated in an inert material and an immobilization matrix on which molecular interactions are captured in surface plasmon resonance experiments. [Allotrope]
An electronic lab notebook system is a data system used in laboratories to record the execution and results of experiments. [Allotrope]
To deliver material is the function to transfer a material to or into a destination. [Allotrope]
To deliver mobile phase is the function to deliver material that is in a mobile phase role. [Allotrope]
To equilibrate is a function which is realized in the process of equilibration. [Allotrope]
To calibrate is a function to establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument, or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values realized by standards. [IUPAC]
2019-05-17 Changed pref label to align with process hierarchy. [Allotrope]
Function to add a member to an aggregate or to bring a flow together. [Allotrope]
Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]
To bring two or more flows (material, energy, signal) together. [NIST]
The to consume function is a function that is realized in a process where a participant exists at the start of the process but no longer exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]
To make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]
A small window in the water container of a coffee maker indicates the level of water in the machine. [NIST]
To alter or govern the size or amplitude of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]
2020-07-27 Change hierarchy to align with process. [Allotrope]
To sense is a signaling function that is perceiving or becoming aware, of a flow. [NIST]
On a bicycling glove, a Velcro strap secures the human hand in the correct place. [NIST]
To submit information to a particular treatment or method having a set number of operations or steps. [NIST]
A computer processes a login request signal before allowing a user access to its facilities. [NIST]
A information processing function that generates integrals on numerical data item. [Allotrope]
To calculate is a data transformation function to solve problems for numbers or quantities. [Allotrope]
To firmly fix a material into a defined location, or secure an energy or signal into a specific course. [NIST]
The material processing function to get rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]
The function of a device realized when administering a substance applied particularly to the forcible insertion of a liquid or gas by means of a syringe, pump, etc. [OBI]
A material separation function is a function that increases the resolution between two or more material entities. The to distinction between the entities is usually based on some associated physical quality. [OBI]
A material separation function which is realized by chromatography. [Allotrope]
To count is to observe the quantitative number of discrete things. [Allotrope]
To discover information about the presence of a flow. [NIST]
A gauge on the top of a gas cylinder detects proper pressure ranges. [NIST]
To determine the magnitude of a flow. [NIST]
An analog thermostat measures temperature through a bimetallic strip. [NIST]
To move an energy from one place to another. [NIST]
In a hand held power sander, the housing of the sander transmits human force to the object being sanded. [NIST]
A function that gives thermal energy to a recipient. [Allotrope]
To communicate is the function to transferring information from one material entity to another. [Allotrope]
To pump is to transport fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]
A filter function is a function to prevent the flow of certain entities based on a quality or qualities of the entity while allowing entities which have different qualities to pass through. [OBI]
To reveal something about a flow to the mind or eye. [NIST]
The xyz-coordinate display on a vertical milling machine displays the precise location of the cutting tool. [NIST]
A signal conversion function is an information processor function which transforms a signal into another type of signal. [OBI]
A synapse converts electrical action potentials into an intermediate chemical signal. The post synapse converts it back into an electric one passed on to the axon.
A DC electrical battery stores the energy in a flashlight. [NIST]
A material function is a type of function that is realized in a process that has material entity as input and/or output. [Allotrope]
A function to remove thermal energy. [Allotrope]
To consume energy is the function to consume energy. [Allotrope]
To plan is the function of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]
To cause a flow (material, energy or signal) to no longer be joined or mixed. [NIST]
To isolate a flow (material, energy, signal) into distinct components. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]
A glass prism separates light into different wavelength components to provide a rainbow. [NIST]
To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to break up. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed flow. [NIST]
An atomizer distributes (or sprays) hair-styling liquids over the head to hold ther hair in the desired style. [NIST]
A vending machine divides the sold form of coins into appropriate denominations. [NIST]
To take away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]
A sander removes small pieces of the wood surface to smooth the wood. [NIST]
To draw, or forcibly pullout, a flow. [NIST]
A vacuum cleaner extracts depris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]
A sort function is a function to distinguish flows based on some associated physical quality or entity and to distribute the separate components into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]
To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to move from one location to another location. [NIST]
To send a flow (material, energy, signal) outside the system boundary. [NIST]
Pouring blended food out of a standard blender pitcher exports liquid from the system. [NIST]
To bring in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside the system boundary. [NIST]
A physical opening at the top of a blender pitcher imports a solid (food) into the system. [NIST]
To direct the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [NIST]
To control the movement of a flow by a force external to the device into one or more directions. [NIST]
To fix the movement of a flow by a device around one axis. [NIST]
To fix the movement of the flow by a device into one linear direction. [NIST]
To combine two flows (material, energy, signal) into a single, uniform homogeneous mass. [NIST]
A shaker mixes a paint base and its dyes to form a homogeneous liquid. [NIST]
To join or bring together flows (material, energy, signal) such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]
To couple flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]
A turnbuckle links two endsof a steering cable together. [NIST]
To couple flows together in a predetermined manner. [NIST]
A ratchet joins a socket on its square shaft interface. [NIST]
To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to a control signal, such as a characteristic of a flow. [NIST]
Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]
To commence the flow of energy, signal or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]
A circuit switch actuates the flow of electrical energy and turns on a light bulb. [NIST]
To enlarge a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
To reduce a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
To enlarge a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
2021-05-18 Added restriction. [Allotrope]
To reduce a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
To render a flow appropriate for the desired use. [NIST]
To prevent damage to electrial equipment, a surge protector conditions electrical energy by excluding spikes and nose (usually through capacitors) from the energy path. [NIST]
To cease, or prevent, the transfer of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]
A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]
A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]
To significantly restrain a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]
The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo. [NIST]
To change from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]
For completeness, any type of flow conversion is valid. In practice, conversions such as convert electricity to torque will be more common than convert solid to optical energy. [NIST]
An electrical motor converts electricity to rotational energy. [NIST]
To accumulate or provide a material or energy flow. [NIST]
To provide information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal flow. The information providing flow passes through the function unchanged. [NIST]
A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]
In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]
To observe and record data from a flow. [NIST]
By tracking the performance of batteries, the low efficiency point can be determined. [NIST]
To prevent a flow from changing course or location. [NIST]
On a typical canister vacuum, the center of gravity is placed at a low elevation to stabilize the vacuum when it is pulled by the hose. [NIST]
To place a flow (material, energy, signal) into a specific location or orientation. [NIST]
The coin slot on a soda machine positions the coin to begin the coin evaluation and transportation procedure. [NIST]
To remove material is the function to remove material. [NIST]
To decompose is the function to breakdown a single phase into two or more phases by heating or treatment with acid, alkali or enzymes. [Allotrope]
To transport is the function to transfer material. [Allotrope]
To shift, or convey, a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]
The function to maintain something. [Allotrope]
The function to make a whole out of many. [Allotrope]
The function to bring something into existence. [Allotrope]
Only information can be produced in the strict sense, because of physical conservation laws of energy and material, but this is function is a perspective on a system boundaries in the context. [Allotrope]
To count cells is the function to count cells. [Allotrope]
To sample is the function of to take parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]
To cover is a joining function realized when something is joined to a surface in such way that it is preventing some kind of material or energy flow through that surface. [Allotrope]
To stir is a mixing function involving the agitation of a solution through circular motion. [Allotrope]
To compare is a function to observe or assess the similarities or dissimilarities between two things. [Allotrope]
To dye is a function to change the color of some target material. [Allotrope]
To compress is the function to decrement the volume of a material by applying a force. [Allotrope]
To disconnect is a branching function that breaks up the connection between parts of an object so that they become separate. [Allotrope]
To disintegrate is a function to change a material so that it breaks down in to smaller pieces of it. [Allotrope]
To grip is the function to prevent something from moving by holding it using friction or pressure. [Allotrope]
Orange Book: IUPAC Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987.
PAC, 1994, 66, 533 (Standard quantities in chemical thermodynamics. Fugacities, activities and equilibrium constants for pure and mixed phases (IUPAC Recommendations 1994))
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of one phase where particles are not visible to the naked eye and the solution does not scatter a light beam. [Allotrope]
IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997).
An ion is an atomic or molecular particle having a net electric charge. [IUPAC]
A dye is a material that has the function to change the color of material. [Allotrope]
Water is a transparent fluid which forms the world's streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and is the major constituent of the fluids of living things. [Wikipedia]
A gas is an airlike material that expands freely to fill any space available. It can be transported in compressed gas cylinders and acts as a gas upon release at normal temperatures and pressure. [Allotrope]
An anion (-) is an ion with more electrons than protons, giving it a net negative charge (since electrons are negatively charged and protons are positively charged). [Wikipedia]
A cation (+) is an ion with fewer electrons than protons, giving it a positive charge. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 1982, 54, 1533 (Glossary of terms used in nuclear analytical chemistry (Provisional))
The positively charged central portion of an atom, excluding the orbital electrons. [IUPAC]
A material entity that occupies space and possesses a rest mass. [Allotrope]
A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. [CL]
A solid is a substance that is in the solid material state. [Allotrope]
A fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent, plastic solids. [Wikipedia]
A supercritical fluid is a gas whose temperature and pressure are above the critical temperature and critical pressure. In this state, the distinction between liquid and gas disappears. [Wikipedia]
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. [Wikipedia]
Plasma is a state of matter in which an ionized gaseous substance becomes highly electrically conductive to the point that long-range electric and magnetic fields dominate the behavior of the matter. [Wikipedia]
Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin quantum number 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000 548 579 903(13) u. [IUPAC]
A particle in the physical sciences is a small localized object to which can be ascribed physical properties. [Wikipedia]
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve but get suspended throughout the bulk of the medium. [Wikipedia]
A spray is a heterogeneous mixture where a small amount of liquid is dispersed into a gas. [Allotrope]
A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them (without further modification) are also considered to belong into this category. [Wikipedia]
Energy must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat the object. It can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. [Wikipedia]
According to the annotations on material entity, energy is considered a material entity in BFO
A form of energy that is transferred between bodies as a result of a temperature difference. [NIST]
Energy flow generated or required by a translation or virtual translation. [NIST]
Work resulting from the reactions by which substances are produced from or converted into other substances. [NIST]
A battery converts the flow of chemical energy into electical energy.
Work resulting from the flow of electrons from a negative to a positive source. [NIST]
Energy that results from a rotation or a virtual rotation. [NIST]
Work that results from the movement or force of a liquid, including hydrostatic forces. [NIST]
Energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electro-magnetic waves. [NIST]
Work resulting from a compressed gas. [NIST]
An is a colloid where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
A proton is a nuclear particle of charge number +1, spin quantum number of 1/2 and rest mass of 1.00727647012 u. [IUPAC]
A neutron is a nuclear particle of zero charge, spin quantum number 1/2 and a mass of 1.00866490414 u. [IUPAC]
An atom is a smallest particle still characterizing a chemical element. It consists of a nucleus of a positive charge carrying almost all its mass (more than 99.9%) and Z electrons determining its size. [IUPAC]
Myers, D. (2002) Association Colloids: Micelles, Vesicles, and Membranes, in Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids: Principles and Applications, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA. doi: 10.1002/0471234990.ch15
An association colloid is a homogeneous, non-structured substance composed of large molecules or ultramicroscopic suspended in a separate medium, which is largely comprised or reversible aggregations formed by the thermodynamics of molecular interactions. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 605
A dispersion colloid is a colloid that is a system in which particles of colloidal size of any nature (e.g. solid, liquid or gas) are dispersed in a continuous phase of a different composition (or state). [IUPAC]
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 606
A foam is a colloid where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
PAC, 2007, 79, 1801 (Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic-organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)) on page 1806
A gel is a colloid where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
A heterogeneous mixture is a portion of mixed material that is not uniform in composition, but proportions of its components vary throughout the sample. [Wikipedia]
A homogeneous mixture is a portion of mixed material that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample. Homogeneous mixture can have a variable composition. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 2007, 79, 1801 (Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic-organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)) on page 1805
A solid aerosol is an colloid where the continuous phase is a gas and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
A molecular colloid is a type of colloid that consists of many molecules that combine to structures of colloidal size. [Allotrope]
An portion of mixed material is a material entity that consists of different kinds of grains if you inspect it at a higher level of granularity. [Allotrope]
An portion of pure substance is a material entity that consists of one kind of grains if you inspect it at a higher level of granularity. [Allotrope]
A sol is a fluid colloidal system of two or more components. [IUPAC]
A solid heterogeneous mixture is a heterogeneous mixture in solid state. [Allotrope]
A colloid is a homogeneous mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. A colloid has a dispersed phase (the suspended particles) and a continuous phase (the medium of suspension). The molecules or polymolecular particles dispersed in a medium have at least in one direction a dimension roughly between 1 nanometer and 1 micrometer, or in a system discontinuities are found at distances of that order. [IUPAC]
A form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers. [Wikipedia]
Electromagnetic radiation which is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400-700 nanometers. [Wikipedia]
An electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm. [Wikipedia]
Electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light. It extends from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometer, to 1 micrometers. [Wikipedia]
Electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei and having wavelengths less than 10 picometers. [Allotrope]
A system that can be discovered in nature. [Allotrope]
A portion of material that has grain only the same kind of molecules, ignoring minor impurities. [Allotrope]
A portion of material that has grain only the same kind of atoms, ignoring minor impurities. [Allotrope]
A portion of material that has grain some multi-molecular objects or particles. [Allotrope]
A gas mixture is a solution where the continuous phase is a gas and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
A gas in solid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
A gas in liquid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
A liquid in liquid solution is a solution where the mixture phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
A solid in liquid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a solid. [Allotrope]
A liquid in solid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
A solid in solid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a solid. [Allotrope]
Everett, D. (2009). Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 31(4), pp. 577-638.
A solid aerosol is an colloid where the continuous phase is a gas and the dispersed phase is a solid. [Allotrope]
A solid foam is a colloid where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
A solid sol is a colloid where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a solid. [Allotrope]
"Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)" . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 83 (12): 2229–2259. 2011.
2017-07-03 Changed definition to IUPAC recommendation. [Allotrope]
A dispersions is a heterogeneous mixture that is comprising more than one phase where at least one of the phases consists of finely divided phase domains, often in the colloidal size range, dispersed throughout a continuous phase. [IUPAC]
A person is a human that is member of a group or organization. [Allotrope]
A group is a an aggregate of people. [Allotrope]
A collection of people organized together into a community or other social, commercial or political structure. The group has some common purpose or reason for existence which goes beyond the set of people belonging to it and can act as an agent. [W3C ORG]
By this hierarchy organizations are built of physical people, so no pure legal persons can be members of an organization.
A formal organization is an organization which is recognized in the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights and responsibilities. [W3C ORG]
An organization such as a department or support unit which is part of some larger organization and only has full recognition within the context of that organization. In particular the unit would not be regarded as a legal entity in its own right. [W3C ORG]
An organizational entity is a person, group or organization that is defined by some social contract between humans. [Allotrope]
Zero grade air is air that is purified to contain less than 0.1 ppm of hydrocarbons. [Allotrope]
A chromatographic packing is a solid heterogeneous mixture consisting of a substrate and stationary phase used in a chromatographic separation. [Allotrope]
A chemical substance is a portion of material that is matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of. [IUPAC]
A portion of chemical mixture is a chemical substance that is composed of chemical substances. [Allotrope]
Collision energy is energy for an ion experiencing collision with a stationary gas particle resulting in dissociation of the ion. [PSI/MS]
A titration solvent is a solvent used in a titration to dissolve the sample. [Allotrope]
IUPAC Compendium on Analytical Nomenclature, Definitive Rules 1997, 3rd Edition, IUPAC Orange Book, prepared for publication by J. Inczedy, T. Lengyel, and A.M. Ure, Blackwell Science, 1998
A titrant solution is a solution containing the active agent with which a titration is made. [IUPAC]
A portion of salt is a portion of compound where the compound is composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding. [Wikipedia]
A portion of silver nitrate is a portion of salt composed of silver (1+) and nitrate ions. [Allotrope]
A Karl-Fischer titration solution is a titrant solution used in a Karl-Fischer titration. [Allotrope]
A hydrochloric acid titrant solution is a titrant solution containing hydrochloric acid as the reactant. [Allotrope]
A perchloric acid titrant solution is a titrant solution containing perchloric acid as the reactant. [Allotrope]
A silver nitrate titrant solution is a titrant solution containing silver nitrate as the reactant. [Allotrope]
A sodium hydroxide titrant solution is a titrant solution containing sodium hydroxide as the reactant. [Allotrope]
Hydrogen gas is a gas that is composed of hydrogen molecules. [Allotrope]
Oxygen gas is a gas that is composed of dioxygen molecules. [Allotrope]
Nitrogen gas is a gas that is composed of dinitrogen molecules. [Allotrope]
Helium gas is a gas that is composed of helium atoms. [Allotrope]
Carbon dioxide gas is a gas that is composed of carbon dioxide molecules. [Allotrope]
Ammonia gas is a gas that is composed of ammonia molecules. [Allotrope]
Methane gas is a gas that is composed of methane molecules. [Allotrope]
A material flow is a material that is an aggregate of granular objects that steadily and continuously move along a path. [Allotrope]
A ion flow is a material flow where ions transport electric charges in an electromagnetic field. [Allotrope]
A bubble is a small round portion of one substance in another, usually gas in a liquid. [Wikipedia]
Ozone gas is a gas that is composed of ozone molecules. [Allotrope]
Ethene gas is a gas that is composed of ethene molecules. [Allotrope]
Acetylene gas is a gas that is composed of acetylene molecules. [Allotrope]
Carbon monoxide gas is a gas that is composed of carbon monoxide molecules. [Allotrope]
Argon gas is a gas that is composed of argon atoms. [Allotrope]
Liquid nitrogen is a liquid that is composed of dinitrogen molecules. [Allotrope]
A nuclear magnetic resonance solvent is a solution used to dissolve a sample in an NMR assay. It typically has all / most hydrogen atoms replaced with deuterium atoms. [Allotrope]
G. L. Glish, D. J. Burinsky. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 19, 161 (2008).
IUPAC. Analytical Division. Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (the Orange Book). Definitive Rules, 1979. Compiled by J. Inczédy, T. Lengyel, A. M. Ure. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997)
IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A.Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997).
J. Laskin, J. H. Futrell. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 24, 135 (2005).
A radical ion is a radical that carries an electric charge. [IUPAC]
hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
Liquid chromatography where the stationary phase is hydrophilic, the mobile phase is organic and separation is achieved based on polarity. [CHMO]
Volumetry is a type of quantitative analysis that measures the quantity of a compound by quantifying its volume. [Allotrope]
Cell counter assay is a cellular assay that uses various methods to quantify cells in a culture. [Allotrope]
Magnetic stirring is stirring that is achieved by rotating a magnetic stir bar in a solution. [CHMO]
Microscopy is a imaging assay where a microscope is used to view a small object (or specimen) by producing a magnified image. [CHMO]
Any type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range by a sample is detected. [CHMO]
The measurement of the size distribution in a collection of grains. [CHMO]
Argentometric titration is a process of determining the quantity of a sample by adding measured increments of a titrant until the end-point, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. The titration is followed by the observing the precipitation of silver compounds following the addition of silver nitrate. [CHMO]
The measurement of the light transmitted through a sample for a given wavelength. [CHMO]
The measurement of the overall charge a particle acquires in a specific medium. A number of different experimental methods can be used including electrophoretic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry. [CHMO]
A mixing step where a soluble component is mixed with a liquid component. [CHMO]
Karl-Fischer volumetric titration is a process of determining trace amounts of water in a sample by the titration of sulfur dioxide in water using iodine. In this method the titrant is added directly to the sample using a burette. [CHMO]
Chromatography in which separation is based mainly on differences between the solubility of the sample components in the stationary phase (gas chromatography), or on differences between the solubilities of the components in the mobile and stationary phases (liquid chromatography). [CHMO]
A flame ionization measurement is a measurement which is sensitive to compounds containing C-H bonds. A flow of carrier gas containing the sample is mixed with H2 and air and ignited. Any positively-charged radicals resulting from this process are collected at a cathode, allowing the current to be measured. [CHMO]
Cleaning is the process of getting rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid. [CHMO]
Any method for determining structure by directing a beam of particles or X-rays onto an extremely flat surface and measuring the intensity of the reflected radiation as a function of angle. [CHMO]
2019-08-14 Changed definition and preferred label. [Allotrope]
Ultraviolet absorbance measurement is electronic absorbance measurement of light in the wavelength region of 190-350 nm. [Allotrope]
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to its critical temperature and pressure. [CHMO]
Vortexing is a process of mixing that creates a vortex in the solution usually using a vortexer. [Allotrope]
The measurement of the pore diameter, pore-size distribution and total pore volume of a sample. [CHMO]
Fraction collection is the collection of fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]
molecular electronic absorption spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.1-2.5 µm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
Coulometric titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample by adding measured increments of a titrant until the end-point, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. In a coulometric titration the titrant is generated electrochemically by passing a constant current through an electrolyte. [CHMO]
A process that affects, creates or destroys information content. [Allotrope]
information processing is often dependent on a signal processing, but abstracts the bearer of information from the content [OSTHUS]
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a gas. [CHMO]
An instance of gas chromatography can be a single-injection GC run.
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. [CHMO]
The measurement and study of dimensional changes in polymers as a function of temperature, fluid absorption, mechanical stress or chemical reaction. [CHMO]
An assay that generates data about the presence, quantity, structure, function, behavior, or activity of cells, or a process that occurs at a cellular level of anatomical granularity (includes subcellular structures and organelles). [VIVO-ISF]
diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry
A type of spectroscopy where the diffuse reflection of radiation in the range ultraviolet to visible (190-800 nm) by a sample is measured. [CHMO]
A branching process that isolates flows into distinct component flows. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]
Karl-Fischer titration is a process of determining trace amounts of water in a sample by the titration of sulfur dioxide in water using iodine. [CHMO]
A capillary electrophoresis is an electrophoresis which takes place in a capillary. [CHMO]
A process of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]
The process of a scientist thinking about and deciding what reagents to use as part of a protocol for an experiment. Note that the scientist could be human or a robot scientist executing software. [OBI]
Weighing is the measuring of weight of an object. Weight related to the amount of force acting on the object, either due to gravity or to a reaction force that holds it in place. [Wikipedia]
Peak picking is a data transformation to convert profile spectral data into centroided spectral data. [Allotrope]
Conductometry is the measurement of the conductance of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]
IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.
2024-09-12 Changed definition to align with [IUPAC] instead of [CHMO].
Spectrometry is the measurement of such radiations as a means of obtaining information about the systems and their components. [IUPAC]
A chromatography method where the stationary bed is within a tube (of standard length 25 cm). The particles of the solid stationary phase or support coated with a liquid stationary phase may fill the whole inside volume of the tube (packed column) or be concentrated on or along the inside tube wall leaving an open, unrestricted path for the mobile phase in the middle part of the tube (open-tubular column). [CHMO]
Degassing is a sample preparation process whereby the adsorbed (dissolved) gas is removed from a solid or liquid. [Allotrope]
2018-11-01 Changed definition, previous definition: The measurement of thermodynamic parameters (e.g. enthalpy) during a chemical or biochemical reaction. [CHMO]
A measurement in which heat is measured as some chemical reaction or physical process occurs. [IUPAC]
The measurement of the osmotic strength of a substance which often used to determine its molecular weight. [CHMO]
Volumetric titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample by adding measured volumes of a titrant (normally via a burette) until the end-point, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. [CHMO]
An electrophoresis is a separation where colloidal particles move at different speeds according to their electrophoretic mobilities in a separation medium, across which an electric field is applied. [CHMO]
nanoflow high-performance liquid chromatography
nano high performance liquid chromatography
nano high pressure liquid chromatography
nano high-performance liquid chromatography
nano high-pressure liquid chromatography
nanoflow high performance liquid chromatography
nanoflow high pressure liquid chromatography
nanoflow high-pressure liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small particles, the inlet pressure is relatively high and the flow rate is nL min-1. [CHMO]
2020-06-18 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
Loading is the importing of a material into a new location that contains the material. [Allotrope]
The loading step of IEF is the mixing of the sample with the appropriate ampholytes and loading the mixture into the capillary. [Allotrope]
An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured whilst the potential difference between the indicator and reference electrodes is controlled. [CHMO]
Catalymetric titration is he process of determining the quantity of a sample by adding measured increments of a titrant until the end-point is reached. The titration involves a catalyst, and the end-point is detected by the sudden increase or decrease in the rate of a reaction. [CHMO]
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small particles and the inlet pressure is relatively high. [CHMO]
A nuclear magnetic resonance assay is magnetic resonance assay that applies a technique which detects the response of nuclear spins to a perturbing magnetic field. [Allotrope]
Vibrational spectroscopy is a spectroscopy which probes the vibrational degrees of freedom of a molecule. [CHMO]
Dilution is the process of adding a solvent to a solution to lower its concentration. [Allotrope]
A heat treatment that alters the microstructure of a material causing changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. [CHMO]
Spectra combination is a data transformation that combines multiple spectra. [Allotrope]
A purification is a removing process that is used to physically separate an analyte from byproducts, reagents or contaminating substances. [Allotrope, CHMO]
A method where the absorption of radiation in the ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.1-2.5 µm) is used to calculate stability constants by equimolar dilution. [CHMO]
The study of the flow of fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity. Rheometry is the measurement of the relationship between deformation and stress for these liquids. [CHMO]
Column chromatography where the separation is achieved based on differences in molecular size. [CHMO]
A method for determining surface area by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. Regression analysis is then applied to the data, resulting in an isotherm. [CHMO]
Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field. [Wikipedia]
An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured as a function of time and as a function of the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes. [CHMO]
differential optical absorption spectrophotometry
differential optical absorbance spectrometry
differential optical absorbance spectroscopy
differential optical absorption spectrometry
differential optical absorption spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy where the difference between incident and transmitted radiation is measured for a gaseous sample. [CHMO]
Spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation from the ultraviolet region (190-400 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
2018-08-09 Changed definition, removed alt label detection method. [Allotrope]
Detecting is observing the presence of an entity. This occurs when a threshold value of a quantity (quality, disposition, process property) is exceeded. [Allotrope]
UV-Vis molecular absorption spectrometry
UV-Vis molecular absorption spectroscopy
Spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation in the range ultraviolet to visible (190-800 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
The method used to obtain the integral of a function or curve. [Allotrope]
Peak separation is a data transformation that allows to distinguish between two peaks. [Allotrope]
Removing data is a data transformation that removes parts from an aggregate of data. [Allotrope]
Karl-Fischer coulometric titration is a process of determining trace amounts of water in a sample by the titration of sulfur dioxide in water using iodine. In this method the I2 is generated electrochemically from I- and titrated with sulfur dioxide. [CHMO]
Chromatography in which separation is based mainly on differences between the adsorption affinities of the sample components for the surface of an active solid. [CHMO]
Formation of a new ion in the gas phase by the reaction of a neutral with an ion. The process may involve transfer of an electron, a proton, or other charged species between the reactants. [IUPAC]
This term is not synonymous with chemi-ionization. [IUPAC]
When a positive ion results from chemical ionization, the term may be used without qualification. When a negative ion results, the term negative ion chemical ionization should be used. [IUPAC]
liquid chromatography at the critical condition
liquid chromatography at critical conditions
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid held at or near its critical point. Liquid chromatography at the critical condition is used to determine functionality distributions in polymers. [CHMO]
Blood gas analysis is the process of analyzing amount of dissolved gases in a blood sample. [Allotrope]
A type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of light by a sample is detected and the spectrum is subject to a Fourier transform. [CHMO]
Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of light by a sample is detected and the spectrum is subject to a Fourier transform. [CHMO]
reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry
reflectance ultra-violet-visible spectrometry
reflectance ultra-violet-visible spectrophotometry
reflectance ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy
reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
reflection ultra-violet-visible spectrometry
reflection ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy
reflection ultraviolet-visible spectrometry
reflection ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy where the reflection or scattering of radiation from the sample surface is detected. [CHMO]
Quadrapole mass spectrometry is a type of mass spectrometry where the mass-to-charge ratio of the sample ions is measured using an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [Allotrope]
Electron capture measurement is a measurement that is sensitive to electronegative compounds (e.g. halogenated compounds). A beta-particle emitter (e.g. 63Ni) is used to produce an electron beam, which is passed between two electrodes. As the sample is passed through the e-beam, organic functional groups interact with the electrons, interrupting the current. [Allotrope, CHMO]
A measurement of the blood, it's contents, cells or other factors contained within the blood. [CMO]
The determination of the relative strength of a substance (e.g., a drug or hormone or toxicant) by comparing its effect on a test organism with that of a standard preparation. [Wikipedia]
Polarimetry is a measurement of the extent to which a sample interacts with polarized electromagnetic radiation by transmission, reflection, refraction, or diffraction. [CHMO]
The combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state. The mixing may be achieved manually or mechanically by shifting the material with stirrers or pumps or by revolving or shaking the container. The process must not permit segregation of particles of different size or properties. Homogeneity may be considered to have been achieved in a practical sense when the sampling error of the processed portion is negligible compared to the total error of the measurement system. [CHMO]
Scanning is measuring repeatedly or sweepingly. [Allotrope]
2019-08-20 Changed pref label and definition. Fixed formal definition not to use equivalence. [Allotrope]
Sample preparation is a planned preparation process that synthesizes, converts or changes a sample. [Allotrope]
A separation method where the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary and polar, while the other is non-polar and moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]
PAC, 1995, 67, 1699 (Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)) on page 1701
A measurement method which obtains the concentration or quantity of a specified substance in an analyte. [CHMO]
Analyses in which the amount or concentration of an analyte may be determined (estimated) and expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units. Qualitative analysis may take place without quantitative analysis, but quantitative analysis requires the identification (qualification) of the analytes for which numerical estimates are given. [IUPAC]
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is a solid. [CHMO]
Any technique for measuring charge transport. [CHMO]
The measurement of the strength and/or direction of magnetic fields, or the magnetic susceptibility of a sample. [CHMO]
Oxidation-reduction titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample by monitoring a redox process until the endpoint, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. [CHMO]
Sampling material is sampling of a material of interest for studying. [Allotrope]
sampling can be both separating or partitioning or a combination of it
pulling a small sample outside a bioreactor
A chromatography is a separation where the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary, while the other moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]
2019-09-20 Changed subclassing. [Allotrope]
Synthesis is a planned material process that combines, changes or converts material to produce a new material. [Allotrope]
A method for introducing polar molecules into a host cell through the cell membrane. A large electric pulse (300-400 mV for <1 ms) temporarily disturbs the phospholipid bilayer, allowing molecules like DNA to pass into the cell. [CHMO]
A type of microscopy where the specimen is illuminated with visible light and a system of lenses is used to produce an image. [CHMO]
Chelatometric titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample (metal cation) by adding measured increments of a titrant (a chelating agent) until the end-point, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. [CHMO]
Liquid chromatography where the mobile phase is significantly more polar than the stationary phase, for example a microporous silica-based material with chemically bonded alkyl chains. [CHMO]
The process of formulation allows the preparation of mixtures of components in accordance with a formula and documents the composition. [Allotrope]
Mass spectrometry is a spectrometry that studies matter through the formation of gas-phase ions that are characterized using mass spectrometers by their mass, charge, structure, and/or physico-chemical properties. [IUPAC]
Mass spectroscopy is an obsolete synonym for mass spectrometry that should not be used to avoid confusion with spectroscopies in which the measured quantity is the absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation. [IUPAC]
The term is a misnomer because it is m/z rather than mass that is the independent variable in a mass spectrum. [IUPAC]
The process of making a polymer blend by mechanically mixing different polymers together in the melt. [CHMO]
Any method that measures the amount of light that a substance scatters at certain wavelengths, incident angles, and polarization angles. [CHMO]
The transfer of thermal energy from a material to its surrounding environment. [CHMO]
The method to obtain the derivative of a function or curve. [Allotrope]
Acid-base titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample (an acid or base) by adding measured increments of a titrant (a base or acid) until the endpoint, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. [CHMO]
The process of segregation of phases; the separation of suspended solids from a liquid or gas, usually by forcing a carrier gas or liquid through a porous medium. [CHMO]
Column chromatography where both the mobile phase and the stationary phase are liquids. The stationary phase must be immiscible and insoluble in the mobile phase and is usually supported on a suitable material such as a diatomaceous earth. [CHMO]
Equilibration is the process of bring the state of a system to an equilibrium. [Allotrope]
2018-10-24 Moved to chromatography domain ontology, subclassed under loading [Allotrope]
2022-06-20 Subclassed under sample introduction [Allotrope]
Process of loading a sample into a chromatography system. [Allotrope]
The process of fitting device components together to form a system. [Allotrope]
Piece counting is determining the number of objects in an object aggregate. [Allotrope]
The intensive mixing of mutually insoluble phases (sometimes with addition of surfactants) to obtain a soluble suspension or emulsion. [CHMO]
The measurement of the relative permittivity of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]
2024-09-12 Changed prefLabel for consistent usage of -metry vs -scopy.
Any spectroscopic method which probes the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]
Fourier transform near infrared absorption spectrometry
Fourier transform near infra-red absorbance spectrometry
Fourier transform near infra-red absorption spectrometry
Fourier transform near infra-red spectrometry
Fourier transform near infra-red spectroscopy
Fourier transform near infrared absorbance spectrometry
Fourier transform near infrared absorbance spectroscopy
Fourier transform near infrared absorption spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the sample absorbs a single pulse of radiation from the near infrared region (0.8-2 µm) and the spectrum obtained is subject to a Fourier transform. [CHMO]
The measurement of the density of a sample. [CHMO]
A separation method where the components (in this case stereoisomers) are distributed between two chiral phases, one of which is stationary, while the other moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]
Stirring is a mixing involving the agitation of a solution through circular motion. [Allotrope]
Electron ionization is a ionization that removes one or more electrons from an atom or molecule through interactions with electrons that are typically accelerated to energies between 10 and 150 eV. [IUPAC]
Multiple-stage mass spectrometry is a mass spectrometry where multiple stages of precursor ion m/z selection are followed by product ion detection for successive nth-generation product ions. [IUPAC]
reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
gradient reverse high-performance liquid chromatography
reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography
reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography
reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography
reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography
Liquid chromatography where the inlet pressure is relatively high and the mobile phase is significantly more polar than the stationary phase (which consists of very small particles), for example a microporous silica-based material with chemically bonded alkyl chains. [CHMO]
Rinsing is the process of washing quickly a device with a solution. [Allotrope]
The Fourier transformation decomposes a function of time (e.g. a signal) into the frequencies that make it up. [Wikipedia]
Spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation from the visible region (380-800 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
capillary high-performance liquid chromatography
capillary high performance liquid chromatography
capillary high pressure liquid chromatography
capillary high-pressure liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small particles held in a tube of diameter less than a millimeter, and the inlet pressure is relatively high. [CHMO]
Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy
Fourier transform infra-red absorption spectroscopy
Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation from the infrared region (0.78-1000 µm) and the spectrum obtained is subject to a Fourier transform. [CHMO]
An imaging assay is a physical characterization assay to produce a picture of an entity. [CHMO]
Aspirating is the process of sample preparation that is to draw an amount of a liquid by suction and then expel the liquid. [Allotrope]
The measurement of pH is the negative logarithm to base ten of the hydrogen ion activity in a solution, this measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity. Operationally the pH of a solution X, pH(X), is measured relative to that of a standard reference solution, pH(S), and defined as pH(X) = pH(S) - (E(X) - E(S))/(RT/F)ln 10, where E(X) and E(S) are the electromotive forces measured in cells containing the solution X and the reference solution respectively. [CHMO]
The process of removing a solvent from a substance. [CHMO]
Washing is a process by which a material entity acting as contaminant (e.g. excess staining reagent) is removed by application of one or more cycles of solution in flow. [CHMO]
2018-08-09 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
The measurement of luminescence from a material. [Allotrope]
Titration is the process of determining the quantity of a sample by adding measured increments of a titrant until the end-point, at which essentially all of the sample has reacted, is reached. [CHMO]
The measurement of thermodynamic parameters (e.g. enthalpy) during a chemical or biochemical reaction by the known variation (step-wise or linear) of one variable, whilst a second is kept constant. [CHMO]
Priming is a type of cleaning that happens at the beginning of a period of time and results in the device being filled with the appropriate reagents. [Allotrope]
prime of a cell counter analyzer at the beginning of a day
Inverting is a sample preparation step of mixing. It is homogenization by switching the y-axis of a sample several times, turning it upside down using a syringe. [Allotrope]
An electrochemical technique where the total Coulombs of electricity required to complete (fully oxidize or fully reduce the sample in) an electrochemical reaction is measured. [CHMO]
The application of a thin cover to a material. [CHMO]
Ionization is a converting chemical reaction by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. [Wikipedia]
Trending is a process of monitoring that consists of collecting information and identifying underlying patterns. [Allotrope]
E. de Hoffmann (1996). Tandem Mass Spectrometry: a Primer. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 31: 129–137.
Selected reaction monitoring is a multiple-stage mass spectrometry where data acquired from one or more specific product ions corresponding to m/z selected precursor ions are recorded via two or more stages of mass spectrometry. [IUPAC]
Selected reaction monitoring applied to multiple product ions from one or more precursor ions is known as multiple reaction monitoring. [IUPAC]
Selected reaction monitoring in multiple-stage mass spectrometry is known as consecutive reaction monitoring. [IUPAC]
A chromatography method where the stationary phase is present as or on a plane. [CHMO]
Infrared absorption spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation from the infrared region. [CHMO]
normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small particles, and the inlet pressure is relatively high. In normal-phase HPLC, the stationary phase is more polar than the mobile phase. [CHMO]
ultra high-performance liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small (< 2 µm) particles and the inlet pressure is relatively high. [CHMO]
The measurement of the properties of two or more lasers or waves by studying the pattern of interference created by their superposition. [CHMO]
2019-09-09 Moved under data transformation and fixed definition. [Allotrope]
Chromatography data processing is a data transformation on chromatograms. [Allotrope]
J. B. Fenn, M. Mann, C. K. Meng, S. F. Wong, C. M. Whitehouse. Science 246, 64 (1989).
M. Dole, L. L. Mack, R. L. Hines, R. C. Mobley, L. D. Ferguson, M. B. Alice. J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968).
Spray ionization process in which either cations or anions in solution are transferred to the gas phase via formation and desolvation at atmospheric pressure of a stream of highly charged droplets that result from applying a potential difference between the tip of the electrospray needle containing the solution and a counter electrode. [IUPAC]
The term ionspray is deprecated unless describing the commercial product.
The measurement of the surface tension of a liquid. [CHMO]
Nomenclature for thermal analysis - IV (Recommendations 1985), Mackenzie, R.C., Pure and Applied Chemistry 1985, 57(11), 1737
differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis
differential scanning calorimetric analysis
Differential scanning calorimetry is a thermal analysis method in which the difference in energy inputs into a substance and a reference material is measured as a function of temperature whilst the substance and reference material are subjected to a controlled temperature program. [IUPAC]
Separation using HIC is based on the reversible interaction between a protein and the hydrophobic ligand bound to the chromatography matrix. [Allotrope]
The measurement of the viscosity of fluids by observing the relative motion of the fluid and an object. Viscometry is used to measure the molecular weight of polymers. [CHMO]
A preparative step where the concentration of one component is increased. [CHMO]
Electronic absorption measurement is a measurement that is based on the absorption of energy by electronic transitions. [Allotrope]
Detecting has some overlap with measuring. Usually measuring is the way detecting works, but detection as response from a sensor without quantitation is also possible. [Allotrope]
In biology, a subculture is a new cell or microbiological culture made by transferring some or all cells from a previous culture to fresh growth medium. This action is called subculturing or passaging the cells. Subculture is used to prolong the life and/or expand the number of cells or microorganisms in the culture. [Wikipedia]
2018-08-09 Moved under measurement, and changed pref label [Allotrope]
A measuring that is sensitive to inorganic gases. A hot (450 deg. C) filament is used to heat a carrier gas containing the sample and the difference in thermal conductivity caused by the presence of the sample is measured. [CHMO]
A magnetic resonance assay is an assay that applies a technique which detects the response of spins to a perturbing magnetic field. [Allotrope]
A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. [CMO]
Any technique used to measure the levels of oxygen in a sample. [CHMO]
An experiment in which a separation method is coupled to a detection method in order to detect one or more different components of a sample. [CHMO]
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometry
UV-visible-near IR absorption spectroscopy
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared absorption spectroscopy
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy
Spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (190-2000 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
A refractive index measurement is a measuring based on the change in refractive index of a solution. Light is passed through a hollow prism and focused on a photocell. When a liquid containing the sample is allowed to flow through the prism, the light diverges from its original path and the change in intensity and angle of the transmitted light is measured. [CHMO]
chiral stationary phase high-performance liquid chromatography
chiral stationary phase high-pressure liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small chiral particles and the inlet pressure is relatively high. [CHMO]
Infrared transmission spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the transmission of infrared radiation (0.78-1000 µm) through a sample is detected. [CHMO]
The irradiation of a liquid sample with sound (20-20 000 Hz) waves resulting in agitation. Sound waves propagate into the liquid media result in alternating high-pressure (compression) and low-pressure (rarefaction) cycles. During rarefaction, high-intensity sonic waves create small vacuum bubbles or voids in the liquid, which then collapse violently (cavitation) during compression, creating very high local temperatures. [CHMO]
2018-08-09 Changed definition [Allotrope]
Measuring is observing a property of an entity called a quantity, that has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference to another entity, and obtaining one or more quantity values for it. The observed entity is a quality or a disposition for a continuant, for a process it is a process property such as duration. [Allotrope]
A term used meaning the processing and manipulation of the spectral data produced for the purposes of improving spectral appearance, change the signal to noise ratio (S/N), or resolution. The term is often collectively used in conjunction with line broadening, sharpening, averaging, smoothing. [Allotrope]
Chromatography which takes place in a separation capillary and where the mobile phase is a liquid. [CHMO]
The determination of the spectral absorbance of a solution. This method is often used to determine the concentration of a chemical in a solution. [CHMO]
Thermal analysis is any measurement technique in which a physical property of the sample is measured as a function of temperature. [CHMO]
Chromatography where the mobile phase contains a compound (the displacer) more strongly retained than the components of the sample under examination. The sample is fed into the system as a finite slug. [CHMO]
Liquid chromatography where the stationary phase is more polar than the mobile phase. This is the default for liquid chromatography. [CHMO]
A separation method where the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary and non-polar, while the other is polar and moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]
JCGM 200:2008 International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
Calibration is the comparison of measurement values delivered by a device under test with those of a calibration standard of known accuracy. [Wikipedia]
Pipeting transfers a given amount of liquid solution using a pipette, dropper or pipettor. [Allotrope]
Near infrared absorption spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation from the near infrared region (0.8-2 µm). [CHMO]
ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography
ion exchange high performance liquid chromatography
ion-exchange high-pressure liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid, the stationary phase consists of very small particles, the inlet pressure is relatively high and the separation is caused by differences in ion-exchange affinity. [CHMO]
The measurement of the velocity of a moving object or medium. [CHMO]
Selected ion monitoring is mass spectrometry where the abundances of ions of one or more specific m/z values are recorded rather than the entire mass spectrum. [IUPAC]
Headspace chromatography is a type of chromatography that uses the gaseous headspace above a sample for analysis because very light volatiles can be efficiently partitioned as they diffuse to the gas volume above. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrometry scan is a scan in a mass spectrometry run. [Allotrope]
Multiple reaction monitoring is a selected reaction monitoring applied to multiple product ions from one or more precursor ions. [IUPAC]
This term should not be confused with consecutive reaction monitoring, which involves the serial application of three or more stages of selected reaction monitoring. [IUPAC]
Ion detection is detecting the presence of ions. [Allotrope]
IUPAC. Analytical Division. Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (the Orange Book). Definitive Rules, 1979
Mass analysis is a measuring process by which a mixture of ionic or neutral species is identified according to their m/z values (ions), or their aggregate atomic masses (neutrals), and their relative abundances. The analysis may be qualitative and/or quantitative. [IUPAC]
Spray ionization is a ionization that involve dispersing the liquid into fine droplets as a component step. [IUPAC]
Most of these techniques are examples of atmospheric pressure ionization. [IUPAC]
Mixed-mode chromatography (MMC), or multimodal chromatography, refers to chromatographic methods that utilize more than one form of interaction between the stationary phase and analytes in order to achieve separation. [Wikipedia]
Signal averaging is a process of combining spectra of repeated measurements in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. [Allotrope]
Background measurement is the process of determination of the base level of signals without presence of a sample. [Allotrope]
background measurement of particle sizing in order to measure the electrical noise as well as laser scattering due to contamination of the optical parts or the dispersant
Tablet hardness testing is a laboratory technique used by the pharmaceutical industry to test the breaking point and structural integrity of a tablet under conditions of storage, transportation, and handling before usage. [Wikipedia]
Tablet hardness is a measure of robustness to further processing such as film coating. [Allotrope]
A measurement that targets the pressure of some material entity. [Allotrope]
Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum. Instruments used to measure pressure are called pressure gauges or vacuum gauges. A manometer is an instrument that uses a column of liquid to measure pressure, although the term is currently often used to mean any pressure measuring instrument. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-23 Changed alt labels. [Allotrope]
A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluand, by physically examining it or its proxies. [OBI]
Dedusting is the process of removal of dust. [Allotrope]
Fingerprinting is the process of comparison or overlay of measured spectra with existing reference spectra. [Allotrope]
The t-test is a process of quantifying the closeness of two sets of data points. It is defined as the ratio of the difference between the means of the two sets divided by the standard error of the difference. [Allotrope]
The closed loop uses feedback control for the regulation of the vapor generation. The system continuously detects deviations from the target partial pressure and adjusts the vapor generation correspondingly. [Allotrope]
Sieve analysis is a process of particle sizing by filtering particles according to their size through sieves with decreasing pore size. [Allotrope]
Particle sizing is an experimental method for the investigation of particle sizes in a sample. [Allotrope]
A disintegration test is a test to check the time that an object needs to disintegrate. [Allotrope]
Tube breeding is a process of cleaning vacuum tubes in order to remove any impurities. [Allotrope]
An assay in which a materials fluorescence is determined. [VIVO-ISF]
Packing is the process of transferring an object into a container as a densely packed phase. [Allotrope]
An concentration measurement is the determination of the concentration of a compound in solution. [Allotrope]
quick slope, linearity measurement, UV measurement in which the cell pathlength is varied. [Allotrope].
simple read, i.e. simple measurement at a defined wavelength
2020-03-09 Subclassed under controlling and fixed definition [Allotrope]
2021-09-21 Moved under changing. [Allotrope]
A pressure control is a controlling process that controls pressure of some material. [Allotrope]
A temperature control is a controlling process that controls the temperature of some material. [Allotrope]
A test can be considered a technical operation or procedure that consists of determination of one or more characteristics of a given product, process or service according to a specified procedure. Often a test is part of an experiment. The test result can be qualitative (yes/no), categorical, or quantitative (a measured value). It can be a personal observation or the output of a precision measuring instrument. [Wikipedia]
Compression is the act of reducing volume by applying a force. [Allotrope]
In the case of tablets it is the act of forming a solid plug from individual powder / granule components.
A chromatography method where the separation is based on the adsorption to membranes. [Allotrope]
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into members of some set of numbers. [Wikipedia]
Data acquisition is the process of sampling signals that measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a computer. [Wikipedia]
A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. [Wikipedia]
A process that affects the physical qualities of materials or creates, destroys or converts materials. [Allotrope]
A quality process profile is a process profile that covers the change of a quality of an independent continuant that is participant of the profiles process. [Allotrope]
suggested by Barry Smith, see comments on process profile
A calculation is a process by which a data transformation technique that involves problem solving for numbers or quantities is performed. [Allotrope]
Drawing is the process by which an object or liquid is extracted from a container or receptacle. [Allotrope]
The process boundary when the process ends. [Allotrope]
2019-09-20 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
Mobile phase delivery is a process performed by a chromatography system in which the mobile phase is mixed and transported through the instrument for separation and detection. [Allotrope]
A peak analysis is a data transformation on a peak that analyzes peak facets. [Allotrope]
2020-06-15 Changed labels and definition. [Allotrope]
A pressure process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some pressure. [Allotrope]
A ratio calculation is the process of performing the mathematical exercise of dividing a quotient of one quantity by another quotient to demonstrate the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other. [Allotrope]
The relative retention calculation is a process of performing the mathematical ratio quantification of the time a substance and a standard that remain in the stationary phase of a chromatography process. [Allotrope]
Specifying is a process that produces an information object which describes constraints or objectives on characteristics like qualities, functions, dispositions, facets of continuants or processes. [Allotrope]
2020-06-18 Changed labels and definition. [Allotrope]
Temperature profile is a quality process profile that tracks temperature. [Allotrope]
Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, observation employs the senses. [Wikipedia]
The state of keeping a flow within spatial limits. [Allotrope]
Transferring is channeling a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]
Transmitting energy is transferring an energy from one place to another. [Allotrope, NIST]
Communicating is transferring information from one material entity to another. This can be by way of a material or energy connecting the entity or by transporting the material bearing the information between the locations. [Allotrope]
A process where some new material entity or information content entity does not exists at the start of the process but is existing at the end by way of the process. [Allotrope]
Producing is dependent on the granularity and perspective. Many producing processes are converting processes in a different granulary or perspective.
A process where a essential material entity participant ceases to exist at the end and it was existing at the start. [Allotrope]
Consuming energy is a consuming that consumes energy. [Allotrope]
Producing energy is the producing of energy (from an unspecified energy source). [Allotrope]
This is a black box perspective on the process only focussing on the energy flow out of the system. Within the system, this is a conversion process because of the physical laws of conservation. [Allotrope]
A process where an agent affects energy flowing in and out of a system or affecting the energetic state of materials. [Allotrope]
Storing material is the storing of material. [Allotrope]
Storing energy is the storing of energy. [Allotrope]
The process of copying the information in a signal into a persistent information bearer. [Allotrope]
The process boundary when the process starts. [Allotrope]
The partitioning of some object aggregate. [Allotrope]
Selection does not necessarily involve physical separation.
Referencing is the process of mentioning or referring to an entity by using a denotation of the entity. [Allotrope]
Maintaining is a regulating process that keeps some or all of the characteristics of a material over time within a specification. [Allotrope]
The process of causing a flow to no longer be topologically connected. [NIST]
For data flows, branching does not mean that the input flow fully ceases to exist. [Allotrope]
Dividing is a separating of flows focused on all parts of the flow. [Allotrope]
Separating by drawing, or forcibly pulling out, a flow that is of a different kind than that of the input flow. [Allotrope, NIST]
A vacuum cleaner extracts debris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]
A processing that affects the spatial location or orientation of some participants. [Allotrope]
2022-06-23 Added assertions. [Allotrope]
Importing is a localization that brings in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside of a boundary to the inside. [Allotrope, NIST]
Exporting is a channeling that sends a flow (material, energy, signal) from inside of a boundary to the outside. [Allotrope, NIST]
Guiding is directing the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [Allotrope, NIST]
Connecting is bringing two or more topological flows into connection. [Allotrope, NIST]
Coupling is connecting together material such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]
Joining is the direct coupling of flows without any intermediary flow. [Allotrope]
Linking is coupling flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]
Controlling is changing or regulating a flow in its magnitude. [NIST, Allotrope]
Actuating is the process of commencing the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]
Regulating material is adjusting a quality of material in response to a control signal. [Allotrope]
Changing is controlling a quality of the material in a predetermined and fixed manner. The identity of the material is maintained. [NIST]
Shaping is changing the material in regard to spatial form. [Allotrope]
Decrementing is reducing the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [Allotrope]
Incrementing is enlarging the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
A process boundary based on some physical characteristics at the start or end of some process changing these characteristics. [Allotrope]
A non-cumulative process (event) that is non-atomic. [DOLCE]
An accomplishment is the process of what is coming out instead of what is going on. (Aristoteles kinesis vs. energeia). [Allotrope]
A state is a homomeric, cumulative process in which all the temporal parts are described by the same expression used for the whole. [Allotrope]
The act of gathering things together; having been brought together in one place. [NCI]
Arrival is the achievement of reaching the destination site in a moving process. [Allotrope]
A spatial change processing the increases the spatial distance from the start. [Allotrope]
A state when material object keeps its spatial location and orientation. [Allotrope]
A spatial change state the decreases the spatial distance at the end. [Allotrope]
A spatial processing of transferring material into a site. [Allotrope]
A process that affects the topological connectedness or parthood of two or more flows. [Allotrope]
A processing that causes a flow to break up into disconnected partitions. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed material. [Allotrope]
A state of keeping two materials topologically disconnected by a separation medium. [Allotrope]
Departure is the achievement of leaving the source site in a moving process. [Allotrope]
2021-09-21 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
Positioning is a localization that changes a specific spatial location and orientation of an object relative to another. [Allotrope]
Changing from one form of a flow energy to another. [NIST]
A motor converts energy into mechanical energy.
Increasing the amount of energy in a system. [Allotrope]
Stopping it the process of ceasing or preventing the transfer of a flow. [NIST]
A process that transports a signal across a system boundary into the system. [Allotrope]
A process that transports a signal across a system boundary out of the system. [Allotrope]
The state of perceiving or becoming aware of a signal. [Allotrope]
The process of transforming a signal into a visual signal (color, pattern). [Allotrope]
The achievement that a signal has left a source in an information transmission. [Allotrope]
A state of supporting a material to stay in a location or orientation. [Allotrope]
The accomplishment that a transferred signal reaches at its designated target. [Allotrope]
A physical process that occurs in the mind of a sentient being and is processing information. [Allotrope]
2020-06-18 Changed labels and fixed definition [Allotrope]
A rate profile is a process profile, which are changes to ratios of determinate quality magnitudes over time. [Allotrope]
A cyclic rate profile is a rate profile of a process that follows a cyclic pattern. [Allotrope]
A state s with participating materials m1 and m2, and m1 is not connected to m2. [Allotrope]
A state s with participating materials m1 and m2 and m1 is connected to m2. [Allotrope]
The state of material becoming liquid from a solid. [Allotrope]
The state of material becoming solid from liquid. [Allotrope]
A state when material is changing its position in space. [Allotrope]
Changing is controlling a quality of energy in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
Transporting is channeling by shifting, or conveying, a material from one place to another. [NIST]
The state when the role of a signal is realized independent of any other material entity that may sense (perceive) the signal. [Allotrope]
The process of sensing signals and recording the information in the signals. [Allotrope]
Sorting is the dividing of material by an ordering criteria. [Allotrope]
Taking away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]
Combining is the building of a whole out of parts. [Allotrope]
State of making energy available for a consumer. [Allotrope]
Regulating is the adjusting of a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
Changing is a processing by which an entity gains or looses parts, qualities, roles, dispositions, functions etc in a predetermined and fixed manner but maintains its identity. [Allotrope]
Indicating is signaling to make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]
A test that verifies that some quality is within a specification. [Allotrope]
An assay with the objective to capture information about the presence, concentration or amount of an analyte in the evaluand. [OBI]
Assessing is evaluating or estimating a quality or behavior. [Allotrope]
Image analysis is the discovering of patterns in an image that are correlated to qualities of the material entity the image represents or of abstract patterns. [Allotrope]
A temperature measurement is a measurement that targets the temperature of some material entity. [Allotrope]
Storing is containing or collecting flows to accumulate. [NIST]
Signaling is the process of providing information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal. [NIST]
A supplying state is a providing state that makes energy or material available for processing or consumption. [Allotrope]
Consuming signal is consuming of signals. [Allotrope]
An assay that examines physical qualities of material. [Allotrope]
Providing is the state of accumulating or supplying a material or energy flow. [NIST]
A storing state that brings a flow together at one place. [NIST]
Converting is a process that changes from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]
Changing from one form of a flow material to another. [NIST]
Interpolation is the constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]
A peak analysis that determines the peak height following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]
A peak analysis that determines the peak width following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]
Totaling is the calculation of a sum or an integral. [Allotrope]
Sorting is distributing flows based on some associated physical quality or entity into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]
A spatial process of removing a material from a site. [Allotrope]
Delivering material is the importing of material to a location or site. [Allotrope]
Taking material is the exporting of material from a location or site. [Allotrope]
Pumping is a material transport of fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]
A data transformation that assigns some data to a collection. [Allotrope]
Ordering data is the process of arranging data items systematically. [Allotrope]
Denoting is a process that assigns a symbol to an entity in order to reference it. [Allotrope]
Describing is a process by which an account of some relevant characteristics, qualities or events of an entity are given or presented. [Allotrope]
Identifying is recognizing an entity by some criteria and assigning an identifier to the entity. [Allotrope]
Indexing is the process of organizing data according to a specific plan, usually to streamline data retrieval. [Allotrope]
assigning a sequence of numbers to data items
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. [Wikipedia]
Specular reflection is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface. In this process, each incident ray is reflected, with the reflected ray having the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray. [Wikipedia]
Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light or other waves or particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. An ideal diffuse reflecting surface is said to exhibit Lambertian reflection, meaning that there is equal luminance when viewed from all directions lying in the half-space adjacent to the surface. [Wikipedia]
Scattering is a general physical process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass. [Wikipedia]
A deflection, in physics, refers to the change in an objects' acceleration as a consequence of contact (collision) with a surface or the influence of a field. [Wikipedia]
Significantly restraining a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]
The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo.
2019-09-09 Add alt label 'data processing'. [Allotrope]
A converting process that converts the signals from one form into another by changing its content. [Allotrope]
The observation or assessment of the similarities or dissimilarities between two things. [Allotrope]
Assigning is the producing of an assignment that asserts some relation between entities. [Allotrope]
Peak identification is an assigning of a peak to an analyte or portion of an analyte of interest. [Allotrope]
Peak detection is a data transformation that finds peaks in a data distribution function. [Allotrope]
An activity is a process that is cumulative but not homomeric. [Allotrope, DOLCE]
Containing is the state of keeping an object in the inside of a cavity. [Allotrope]
A measuring that targets the number density. [Allotrope]
Cell density measurement is a measurement of the number density of cells. [Allotrope]
Cell counting is the counting of cells. [Allotrope]
Sampling is the process of taking parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]
Sampling data is sampling on a set of data items. [Allotrope]
Descriptive statistics is the process of using and analyzing descriptive statistics. A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]
Inferring is a process that produces logical consequences by steps of reasoning, moving from premises. [Wikipedia]
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to deduce properties of an underlying probability distribution. [Wikipedia]
Marking is changing some quality of a material so that it concretizes a symbol. [Allotrope]
Dispersed state is a state of a system in which discrete particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material. [Allotrope]
Degradation is the state of changing in the qualities of a material under the influence of one or more environmental factors such as heat, light or chemicals such as acids, alkalies and some salts to a lower level of quality. [Allotrope]
Approving is agreeing to a proposition or accepting something as satisfactory towards an set objective. [Allotrope]
Deciding is making a choice from a set of alternatives. [Allotrope]
A signing is attaching a signature to an information content entity. The signature is an identifier for the agent doing the signing. [Allotrope]
Submitting is the transferring of a material or information from a sender (the submitter) to a receiver with the intent that the receiver acts on the transferred entity towards an objective stated by the submitter. [Allotrope]
Shortening a passage or a write-up without changing its meaning but by using different words and sentences. [Wikipedia]
Data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered, and/or simplified form. [Wikipedia]
Data aggregation is a data reduction that applies an aggregating function on the data to produce an aggregated (summary) datum from a collection of data items. [Allotrope]
Averaging is the calculation of a mean statistic or a temporal average value. [Allotrope]
Post injection needle washing is an injection needle washing that is done before using the needle for an injection. [Allotrope]
Post injection needle washing is an injection needle washing that is done after using the needle for an injection. [Allotrope]
Injection needle washing is the washing of an injection needle. [Allotrope]
A detecting state is a state that occurs when a detector detects its detection target. [Allotrope]
A running state is a state during which a device or service performs its specified function in normal operation. [Allotrope]
Injecting is the forceful loading of a fluid into the interior of some other object. [Allotrope]
An idle state is a state during which a device or service waits for being started to execute a planned process. [Allotrope]
A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
A paused state is a state during which a device or service waits for being resumed to continue a planned process. [Allotrope]
An aborted state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion in an abnormal way and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to an end and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
A held state is a state during which a device or service waits for a longer time e.g. for maintenance. [Allotrope]
A process state is a state where a device or service is executing a planned process or is in a specific configuration. [Allotrope]
The subclasses follow the model of ISA-S88. [Allotrope]
These classes are mainly used in procedure specifications or conditions. [Allotrope]
A process executed by a diode array detector. [Allotrope]
A process executed by a pump system. [Allotrope]
A process executed by an autosampler. [Allotrope]
A process that is executed by an LC-UV system. [Allotrope]
Monitoring is an observing of a quality important for the successful and/or safe operation of a controlled process. [Allotrope]
Time domain zero padding is a data transformation used in Fourier transformation by padding the time domain with zero values. [Allotrope]
Gas chromatography injection is the process of loading a sample into a gas chromatography system. [Allotrope]
Splitless injection is a GC injection whereby the carrier gas sweeps the volatilized sample onto the GC column for a specified period of time before diverting the remaining sample to waste. [Allotrope]
Split injection is a GC injection whereby a fraction of the volatilized sample is swept onto the GC column with the remaining split/swept to waste. [Allotrope]
Packed injection is a GC injection type whereby all of the volatilized sample is swept onto the GC column. [Allotrope]
2020-06-18 Changed definition and subclassing. [Allotrope]
Coated state is the covering state when a substance covers the surface of another substance firmly. [Allotrope]
A sequential process is a composite process that has sequential subprocesses as occurrent parts. The starts of all subprocesses occur in sequential order. The ends of all subprocesses occur at the end of the sequential process at the latest. [Allotrope]
A sequential analysis process is a planned sequential process that has analytical subprocesses as sequential occurrent parts. [Allotrope]
A linear calibration is an analyte calibration that applies curve fitting of the calibration curve to a linear function. [Allotrope]
An exponential calibration is an analyte calibration that applies curve fitting of the calibration curve to an exponential function. [Allotrope]
A polynomial calibration is an analyte calibration that applies curve fitting of the calibration curve to a polynomial function. [Allotrope]
A time measurement is a measurement of the duration of some process which is a quantification of the magnitude of the time region between the start and the end of the process in relation to some recurring process involving a clock. [Allotrope]
A calibration reference profile is a process profile with a known, repeatable temporal pattern, that is a reference for calibration of a time or rate measurement device. [Allotrope]
Adjusting is a process of slightly changing something with the purpose to achieve an agreement with a set of specifications. [Allotrope]
A sample preparation process is a planned process that prepares a portion of material for being used in a calibration standard role. [Allotrope]
Analyte calibration is producing a calibration curve from measurements of known amounts of analyte that will be used as measurement function for the measurement of unknown amounts of analytes. [Allotrope]
This is not to be confused with calibration [AFP_0002389], which is the calibration of a measurement device. [Allotrope]
Ion selection is dividing ions according to their mass to charge ratio in a mass analyzer. [Allotrope]
A chemical reaction is a process that results in the interconversion of chemical species. [IUPAC]
Chemical reactions may be elementary reactions or stepwise reactions. (It should be noted that this definition includes experimentally observable interconversions of conformers.) Detectable chemical reactions normally involve sets of molecular entities as indicated by this definition, but it is often conceptually convenient to use the term also for changes involving single molecular entities (i.e. 'microscopic chemical events'). [IUPAC]
An ion reaction is a chemical reaction that has ion participants. [Allotrope]
LC-MS reaction monitoring data processing
LC/MS reaction monitoring data processing
LC-MS reaction monitoring data processing is a data processing for analyzing samples using MRM technologies. [Allotrope]
Constant pressure mobile phase delivery is a mobile phase delivery process whereby the mobile phase is delivered by maintaining a constant pressure of the mobile phase. [Allotrope]
Combining material is a combing process that combines two or more materials in to a new material. [Allotrope]
Interpolation is a calculation that calculates a calculated measure from a primary measure by applying a measurement function that is derived from a calibration curve. [Allotrope]
The measurement function of a calibration curve can be got by curve fitting a function to a set of calibration points. Applying the function at abscissa coordinates that are part of the discrete calibration points, can be interpreted as interpolation. [Allotrope]
Nebulizing is converting by of breaking up solutions and suspensions into small aerosol droplets. [Wikipedia]
Background correction is a data transformation designed to remove irrelevant contributions from the measured signal, e.g. those due to instrument noise or sample preparation. [BAO]
Data extraction is a data transformation process whereby specific data is taken out of a larger set of data and presented in a usable format. [Allotrope]
high performance liquid chromatography system process
A high performance liquid chromatography system process is a process that is executed on a high performance liquid chromatography system. [Allotrope]
The process is the technical implementation process on the HPLC system that implements the separation by HPLC. [Allotrope]
A device process is a planned process that realizes a function by a device or device system. [Allotrope]
A device process focuses on an implementation perspective.
A repeated process is a composite process that has occurrent parts of subprocesses following the same plan. [Allotrope]
Reporting is an information process that produces a report. [Allotrope]
A project is a planned process that is undertaken or attempted to meet some requirement. [Allotrope]
An experiment is a planned process that has the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis. [SIO]
A thermal event is an event where a significant change of some material quality occurs at a temperature of that material or that of its environment. [Allotrope]
An event is an occurrent that is an accomplishment or an achievement. [Allotrope]
A precipitation titration is a titration in which the analyte is precipitated by the titrant. [Allotrope]
Preventative maintenance is a proactive maintenance of a device involving inspection, testing and preemptive replacement of parts likely to fail before the preventative maintenance activity. [Allotrope]
Titrant standardization is the accurate and precise determination of the concentration of a titrant. [Allotrope]
An addition rate process profile is a rate process profile that is an occurrent part of an material addition process. [Allotrope]
A volume process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some volume. [Allotrope]
Adding is loading material into a container where it is combined with existing material. [Allotrope]
A material flow rate process profile is a rate process profile that is the change of amount of material being transferred through an area. [Allotrope]
Covered state is a connected state where something is located on the surface of another thing and prevents some kind of material or energy flow through that surface. [Allotrope]
Covering is a joining process where the joining is on to the surface in such way that it is preventing some kind of material or energy flow through that surface. [Allotrope]
Single quadrupole mass spectrometry is a quadrupole mass spectrometry using a single quadrupole mass analyzer. [Allotrope]
constant flow rate mobile phase delivery
Constant flow rate mobile phase delivery is a mobile phase delivery process whereby the mobile phase is delivered by maintaining a constant flow rate of the mobile phase. [Allotrope]
Overhead stirring is stirring that is achieved by rotating a stirring rod with a paddle, anchor or propeller end by an overhead motor in a solution. [Allotrope]
A stirring rate process profile is a cyclic rate process profile of the changing rotation speed of the stirrer in the liquid. [Allotrope]
heat transfer coefficient process profile
A heat transfer coefficient process profile is a rate process profile of the ratio of the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat. [Allotrope]
An angular velocity process profile is a quality process profile of how fast an object rotates or revolves relative to another point. [Wikipedia]
A volume process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some area. [Allotrope]
A heating or cooling rate process profile is a rate process profile of the heating/cooling rate of an object. [Allotrope]
The temperature process profile tracks the temperature change. This tracks the change of the change in temperature (2nd derivative).
An approval state is a state where information content such as a specification is allowed or is suitable by an authority for a purpose or in a context. [Allotrope]
Is approved is an approval state where information content such as a specification is approved by an authority for a purpose or in a context. [Allotrope]
Is denied is an approval state where information content such as a specification is denied by an authority for a purpose or in a context. [Allotrope]
A BET analysis is a measuring process for calculating surface area based on the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory of multiple adsorption layers. [Allotrope]
Nephelometry is a measuring of suspended particulates in a liquid or gas colloid usually by employing a light beam (source beam) and a light detector set to one side (often 90°) of the source beam. [Allotrope]
A cycle in differential scanning calorimetry is a segment of the calorimetry run with its own specific heating ramp. [Allotrope]
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules via either absorption or adsorption from the surrounding environment. [Wikipedia]
Dynamic vapor sorption is a gravimetric technique that measures how quickly and how much of a solvent is absorbed by a sample. It does this by varying the vapor concentration surrounding the sample and measuring the change in mass which this produces. [Wikipedia]
An electrolytic conductivity measurement is a measurement of the electrolytic conductivity of a material. [Allotrope]
quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Quantitative NMR spectroscopy is an analytic assay that applies nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for quantity analysis. [Allotrope]
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a quantitative analytical assay based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It monitors the amplification of a targeted DNA molecule during the PCR. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1997, 69, 1251. (Glossary of terms used in bioinorganic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1997))
Polymerase chain reaction is a synthesis to rapidly amplify pre-determined regions of double-stranded DNA. Generally involves the use of a heat-stable DNA polymerase. [IUPAC]
Dyeing is the changing of the color of some material. [Allotrope]
Baseline determination is a data transformation that calculates or assigns a baseline to a curve. [Allotrope]
Imaging is a process that produces an image of something. [Allotrope]
A standard curve qPCR experiment is an experiment using qPCR that measures prepared samples and standards to determine absolute DNA target quantity in samples. [Allotrope]
A relative standard curve qPCR experiment is an experiment using qPCR that measures relative quantity by comparison of diluted samples and known target DNA. [Allotrope]
comparative cycle threshold qPCR experiment
A comparative CT experiment is an experiment using qPCR that determines relative target quantity in samples. Samples are compared to a normalized target quantity to determine relative quantity of the sample. [Allotrope]
A melt curve qPCR experiment is an experiment using qPCR that identifies non-specific PCR amplification by evaluating the melting temperature of the DNA target. [Allotrope]
A genotyping qPCR experiment is an experiment using qPCR that identifies known mutations in a DNA Sample. DNA primers are used to target and identify specific alleles in a sample. [Allotrope]
A presence/absence qPCR experiment is an experiment using qPCR that identifies if DNA targets are present in samples. [Allotrope]
A bulk density obtained by mechanically tapping a cylinder containing the powder sample until no more change in volume occurs. [NCI]
A bulk density for untapped powder sample. [Allotrope]
A qPCR experiment is a PCR experiment that uses qPCR to achieve its goals. [Allotrope]
Evacuating is the removing of gasses from a container to create a vacuum. [Allotrope]
near infra-red transmission spectrometry
near infra-red transmission spectroscopy
Near infrared transmission spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy where the transmission of near infrared radiation (0.8-2 µm) through a sample is detected. [CHMO]
Focused beam reflectance measurement is a measuring process using a focused laser beam at a fixed speed of rotation to calculate particle chord lengths via detection of the backscattered light pulses. [Allotrope]
Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) is a liquid chromatography that is used to analyze or purify mixtures of proteins. [Wikipedia]
A heat flow process profile is a rate process profile that is the change in heat flow through a material entity. [Allotrope]
A mass process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some mass. [Allotrope]
A concentration process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some concentration. [Allotrope]
A pH process profile is a quality process profile that tracks some pH. [Allotrope]
A configuration process profile is a quality process profile that tracks the configuration of a system or device. [Allotrope]
Shaking is a mixing process involving short rapid motions of the material inside a container. [Allotrope]
A luminescence process profile is a profile that quantifies the luminescence of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
Area scanning is scanning at positions defined by a two-dimensional pattern over an area. [Allotrope]
A read is a process boundary within a measuring where a data about the measured object is captured. [Allotrope]
A read at regular time intervals during the measurement of a process profile. [Allotrope]
Multiple reads for statistics and error corrections. [Allotrope]
Disintegrated state is a state of an object when its has turned into an aggregate of small, separated pieces. [Allotrope]
Disintegrating is a break a material into small, separate parts. [Allotrope]
Disconnecting is a branching process that removes the connection between parts of a flow so that they become topologically separate. [Allotrope]
Charge deconvolution is a data transformation of a spectrum representing multiply charged ions to singly charged or neutral masses. [Allotrope]
Polarity control is a changing process that changes the polarity of some material. [Allotrope]
Flowing is the state of moving along a steady continuous stream. [Allotrope]
A sample introduction is a loading of some sample into a system. [Allotrope]
Code scanning is the transformation of data in the representation form of visual machine-readable codes to another form. [Allotrope]
Carrying is a state where a material entity, the carrier, supports the state of moving or keeping in place of another material or information. [Allotrope]
A changing quality state is a state where a material's quality is changing continuously. [Allotrope]
A constant quality state is a quality state where the quality does not change. [Allotrope]
A constant quality process profile is a quality process profile where the tracked quality does not change. [Allotrope]
A solid material has a constant state of matter quality profile when it does not melt or sublimate. [Allotrope]
An assertion about a constant quality process profile is done by measuring the process profile and thereby also effected by the observer.
Whether a quality changes is determined by the granularity of the quality.
An increasing quality process profile is a quality process profile where the tracked determinate quality is continuously increasing in magnitude. [Allotrope]
An decreasing quality process profile is a quality process profile where the tracked determinate quality is continuously decreasing in magnitude. [Allotrope]
A changing quality process profile is a quality process profile where the tracked quality changes over time. [Allotrope]
A proper changing quality process profile is a changing process profile where the tracked quality at the start of the process is different from the tracked quality at the end of the process. [Allotrope]
Disjoint with a constant quality process profile that tracks the same quality. [Allotrope]
A changing state of matter is a quality state that is expressed by the state of matter of some material participating in the state. [Allotrope]
A mereotopological state is a state that is expressed by the mereotopological connectedness or parthood of participants in the state. [Allotrope]
A quality state is a state that is expressed by a quality of some material participating in the state. [Allotrope]
A spatial state is a state that is expressed by a spatial location or orientation of some material participating in the state. [Allotrope]
A gel transition is a state of matter state where some material transitions into a gel. [Allotrope]
A dielectric polarization measurement is a measuring of the difference between the electric displacement vector and the product of the electric field strength with the permittivity of vacuum. [IUPAC]
Abrading is a material process of scuffing, scratching, wearing down, marring, or rubbing away. [Wikipedia]
Heat sealing is the process of sealing one thermoplastic to another thermoplastic using heat and pressure. [Wikipedia]
Gripping is a guiding process by applying friction or pressure to prevent movement. [Allotrope]
A detection method that is sensitive to compounds containing N and P. A flow of carrier gas containing the sample is mixed with H2 and air in the presence of a small, heated bead of an alkali salt such as Rb2SO4. Any positively-charged radicals resulting from this process are collected at a cathode allowing the current to be measured. [CHMO]
The detection of luminescence emitted from nitrogen in a sample as a result of a chemical reaction. [CHMO]
The detection of luminescence emitted from sulfur in a sample as a result of a chemical reaction. [Allotrope]
A detection method that is sensitive to sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds. A flow of carrier gas containing the sample is mixed with oxygen or air and ignited. Any chemiluminescence due to these compounds is then detected. [CHMO]
evaporative light scattering measurement
A detection method where a liquid containing the sample is atomized in a gas, forming small droplets which are allowed to evaporate leaving the sample as fine particles. The suspended particles pass through a light beam and the scattered light transmitted by the particles is sensed by a photodiode or photomultiplier tube. The response can be quantitative and relative to the amount of molecules eluting. [Allotrope, CHMO]
Dispensing is giving out material in discrete portions. [Allotrope]
Denaturing is the process of partial or total alteration of the native structure of a macromolecule resulting from the loss of tertiary or tertiary and secondary structure that is a consequence of the disruption of stabilizing weak bonds. [IUPAC]
Primer extension is a method to synthesize cDNA for determining the 5'-untranslated region of a specific mRNA molecule through reverse transcription reaction using complementary oligonucleotides as primers. [NCI]
A PCR experiment is an experiment that uses PCR to achieve its goals. [Allotrope]
A multi analyte profiling is a biological measurement method to quantify multiple analytes from a sample using beads coated with antibodies or primers targeted at specific analytes. After conjugation of the captured analyte to the bead, the beads are differentiated by their size and their spectral signature, allowing quantitation of analyte concentration in the sample. [Allotrope, NCI]
solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy where the response of nuclei with non-zero spin, in a sample dissolved in a deuterated solvent, to a perturbing magnetic field is detected. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
A J-coupling is a coupling between two nuclei spins, mediated through chemical bonds. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence process profile is a profile that quantifies the fluorescence of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
An absorbance process profile is a profile that quantifies the absorbance of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A binding affinity assay is a biological measurement method examining the binding of ligand molecules to some medium. [Allotrope]
Flow cytometry is a measuring of the optical properties of particles suspended in fluid and passed one at a time through a set of detectors. [Allotrope]
A laser desorption ionization is a ionization involving the use of a pulsed laser to induce desorption and ionization of a sample. [Allotrope]
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization
matrix assisted laser desorption ionization
A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization is a laser desorption ionization using a laser energy absorbing matrix compound mixed with the sample. [Allotrope]
A fragmentation is an ion reaction in which the breakdown of a radical ion forms an ion of lower molar mass and a radical. [IUPAC]
A ratio is a relational quality that is the proportion of the magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]
The length of a chromatography column bed. [Allotrope]
2020-06-22 Changed labels and definition. [Allotrope]
Column inner diameter is the inner diameter of a column. [Allotrope]
2020-06-22 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
The inner diameter is the diameter at the inside. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1993, 65, 819. Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993)
Relative retention time is a ratio quality of the adjusted or net retention time of a component relative to that of a standard, obtained under identical conditions. [Allotrope]
Quality of a material entity of cylindrical or tubular shape which describes its length along its main (non-circular) dimension. [Allotrope]
Quality of an independent continuant which describes the dimensions of an individual particle. [Allotrope]
A detection wavelength quality is a device setting which determines the wavelength range that a detector of electromagnetic radiation detects. [Allotrope]
A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. [PATO]
2018-12-05 Changed pref label [Allotrope]
2020-03-24 Generalized configuration quality to include systems. [Allotrope]
A configuration is a range of determinate quality or combination of qualities that are present in some part of a device or system that influence participants in some of the functions of the device or system including the device or system itself. [Allotrope]
detector wavelength is a device configuration of a specific detector assembly, e.g. optical filters or of a controller in the detector to detect certain ranges of wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum
Quality of a bearer which describes the bearer's efficiency in terms of useful output energy. [Allotrope]
Quality of velocity inhering in a bearer which is traveling in a straight line, meaning its direction is not changing. [Allotrope]
2021-12-01 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its rotational force. [Allotrope]
2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]
A quality which inheres in an independent continuant which has a difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. [Wikipedia]
2020-07-27 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to conduct an electrical charge. [Allotrope]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its material properties pertaining to temperature. [Allotrope]
A conductivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to spontaneous transfer of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-23 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
Heat capacity is a thermal quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its resistance or ability to change its temperature based on a change to the heat added or removed from said object (ratio of head added or removed from an object to the resulting temperature change). [Wikipedia]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its emissivity, which is defined as a material's effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167 (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990))
Absorbance is the logarithm of the ratio of intensities of electromagnetic radiation on both sides of a medium that the radiation passes through. Lambert-Beer's law states that absorbance is equal to the product of molar coefficient of absorbance of an absorbing compound in a medium times its concentration in the medium times path length of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the medium. [Allotrope]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how strongly the bearer converges or diverges light. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 2007, 79, 293 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2006))
Reflectance is an optical quality that is the fraction of incident radiation reflected by a surface or discontinuity. [IUPAC]
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 1996, 68, 957. (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
2020-01-23 Changed definition to IUPAC. [Allotrope]
Electric resistance is the quality inhered in a conductor that is the electric potential difference divided by the electric current when there is no electromotive force in the conductor. [IUPAC]
Quality of a object or substance with the property of resisting opposing the flow of an electrical current. [NCI]
A state of matter is a quality of material that is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known to exist only in extreme situations, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, neutron-degenerate matter, and quark-gluon plasma, which only occur in situations of extreme cold, extreme density, and extremely high-energy color-charged matter respectively. [Wikipedia]
A state of matter, in which particles are closely packed together. The forces between particles are strong so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut. [Wikipedia]
A state of matter that is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. [Wikipedia]
A state of matter that is a compressible fluid. Not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container but it will also expand to fill the container. In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. [Wikipedia]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its plasma is a state of matter, that is, it does not have definite shape or volume. Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces. Positively charged nuclei swim in a "sea" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in conductive metal. [Wikipedia]
Shear modulus is a ratio of shear stress to the shear strain. It is a quantity for measuring the stiffness of materials. The shear modulus is concerned with the deformation of a material. [Wikipedia]
A zero shear modulus is a determinate shear modulus with zero magnitude. [Allotrope]
A gaseous state of matter in which temperature and pressure are above the critical temperature and critical pressure. In this state, the distinction between liquid and gas disappears. [Wikipedia]
A gel is a solid state of matter of jelly-like material that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. By weight, gels are mostly liquid, yet they behave like solids due to a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid. [Wikipedia]
A particle size above one micrometer is a determinate quality of particle size that has a determinate magnitude of greater that one micrometer. Magnitude of particle size can be measured in different ways such as based on diameter of spherical objects. [Allotrope]
Exact mass is a quality of mass of an isotopic species that is obtained by summing the masses of the individual isotopes of the molecule. [Wikipedia]
Thermodynamic property of a real gas that, if substituted for the pressure or partial pressure in the equations for an ideal gas, gives equations applicable to the real gas. [Wikipedia]
Property that inheres in an independent continuant having to do with sound or hearing. [NCI]
Frequency response is the quantitative measure of the output spectrum of a system or device in response to a stimulus, and is used to characterize the dynamics of the system. It is a measure of magnitude and phase of the output as a function of frequency, in comparison to the input. [Wikipedia]
An unintended or unpleasant sound that emanates from a device. [NCI]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the geometrical orientation of the oscillations of a transverse wave. [Allotrope]
D. Schulze: Powders and Bulk Solids, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (2008).
Flowability is the quality of material to move by flow. [Allotrope]
Friction is a quality of an object which is resisting the force the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements produce when sliding against each other. [Wikipedia]
Ionization polarity is a device configuration of a ionization source whether the ions charge is negative or positive. [Allotrope]
Polarity of the ionization is negative. [Allotrope]
Polarity of the ionization is positive. [Allotrope]
Polarity of the ionization is alternating between positive and negative. [Allotrope]
Amount of substance is a quality inhered in a portion of material that is a size that is proportional to the number of elementary entities present. [Allotrope]
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "mass concentration". doi:10.1351/goldbook.M03713
2018-12-17 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
Mass concentration is a concentration that is defined as the mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]
2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Changed pref label to molar concentration. [Allotrope]
2020-06-18 Added alt labels. [Allotrope]
Molar concentration is the ratio of molar amount of a substance divided by volume of mixture containing the amount of substance. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
The volume fraction is a fraction pertaining the volume of a constituent divided by the total volume of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
The hold-up volume is the volume of the mobile phase required to elute a component the concentration of which in the stationary phase is negligible compared to that in the mobile phase. In other words, this component is not retained at all by the stationary phase. Thus, the hold-up volume is equal to the retention volume of an unretained compound. [IUPAC]
Retention volume is the volume of the mobile phase required to elute a component the concentration of which in the stationary phase is negligible compared to that in the mobile phase. In other words, this component is not retained at all by the stationary phase. Thus, the hold-up volume is equal to the retention volume of an unretained compound. The hold-up volume includes any volumes contributed by the sample injector, the detector, and connectors. In gas chromatography this term is also called the gas hold-up volume. The corrected gas hold-up volume is the gas hold-up volume multiplied by the compression (compressibility) correction factor. [IUPAC]
A fraction is the ratio of one constitutent (part) to all constituents of a mixture. [Allotrope]
The mass fraction is a fraction pertaining the mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
The amount fraction is the ratio of the amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
Volume concentration is a concentration that is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
Number concentration is a concentration defined by number of entities of a constituent in a mixture divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]
The dilution ratio is the ratio of solute to solvent. [Wikipedia]
Dilution factor is the ratio of the aliquot volume to the final volume. [Wikipedia]
The amount is the quality of a whole that is the number of entities that are part of the whole. [Allotrope]
Number density is a quality of the amount of countable objects per units size. [Allotrope]
Cell density is the number density of a population of cells. [Allotrope]
Viable cell density is the cell density of the partition of viable cells. [Allotrope]
Total cell density is the cell density of the total partition of cells. [Allotrope]
Cell count is the amount of cells within a whole. [Allotrope]
Viable cell count is the cell count of the partition of viable cells. [Allotrope]
Total cell count is the cell count over a mereological sum of a partitioned aggregate of cells. [Allotrope]
Dead cell count is the cell count of the partition of dead cells. [Allotrope]
A cell counter configuration is a device configuration of a cell counter device. [Allotrope]
A cell diameter is the diameter of a cell. [Allotrope]
2023-12-06 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
pO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen gas dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]
pCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance detection wavelength
The electronic absorbance detection wavelength is the detection wavelength setting of an electronic absorbance detector. [Allotrope]
Detection bandwidth is a device setting of a detector controlling the bandwidth of the detection wavelength. [Allotrope]
A detector configuration is a device configuration of a detector. [Allotrope]
A signal configuration is a device configuration of a device producing or consuming signals, that controls the processing of a signal. [Allotrope]
A gain setting is a signal configuration, that controls the amplification of an incoming or outgoing signal. [Allotrope]
A signal offset configuration is a signal processing configuration, that adds/subtracts a fixed amount of magnitude to the signal strength or amplitude to move the zero reference. [Allotrope]
2018-12-10 Changed alt label to temperature setting. [Allotrope]
2018-12-10 Changed definition to include alerting [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Added relation to the temperature being controlled or observed. [Allotrope]
A temperature configuration is a device configuration of a temperature controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target temperature at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
An oven thermostat has a temperature configuration that controls the heating.
A controller configuration is a device configuration of a controller, that directly influences the controlling process done by the controller towards a goal. [Allotrope]
A trigger configuration is a device configuration for a system with a sensor and an actor component, that directly influences when the sensor sends an activating signal to the actor based on an observation. [Allotrope]
A notification setting is a trigger setting in a system that has a notification component, that controls when the component send out a notification signal. [Allotrope]
A pressure sensor measures the pressure of the liquid in the plumbing an if the notification setting on the pressure is above a maximum, it triggers the notification of a signaling device, such as a warning lamp.
Partial pressure is the notional pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases, if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. [Wikipedia]
Purity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer lacking undesired components. [Allotrope]
It is generally quantified by the sum of the mass fractions of the impurities subtracted from a theoretically pure value of 100%.
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer behaves when subjected to forces or displacements and the effect of their bodies on their environment. [Wikipedia]
2021-12-01 Changed prefLabel. [Allotrope]
Strain is a quality of deformation representing the displacement between particles in the body relative to a reference length. [Wikipedia]
A general deformation of a body can be expressed in the form x = F(X) where X is the reference position of material points in the body.
A shearing force is applied to the top of the rectangle while the bottom is held in place. The resulting shear stress deforms the rectangle into a parallelogram. The area involved would be the top of the parallelogram. A shear stress is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. [Wikipedia]
A normal strain is strain perpendicular to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]
A shear strain is parallel to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]
Total impurities is a composition quality that is the sum of the mass of all impurities in a material. [Allotrope]
A purity quality of a material with respect to its stereoisomers. [Allotrope]
The absolute value of the mole fraction for one diastereomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other. [CHMO]
The ratio of the percentage of one diastereomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]
The ratio of the percentage of one enantiomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]
The absolute value of the mole fraction for one enantiomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other enantiomer. [CHMO]
An excess is a relational quality that is the difference in magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]
Impurity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer having undesired components. [Allotrope]
Stereochemical composition is a composition quality based on the stereochemistry of its components. [Allotrope]
A dilution composition is a composition quality of a dilution. [Allotrope]
Reaction composition is a composition quality of a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]
Conversion is a reaction composition quality dependent on the fraction of reactant remaining. [Allotrope]
Reaction yield is a reaction composition quality expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum mass of the product given the masses of the reactants. [CHMO, Allotrope]
Often there is an assumption that the product and starting materials have the same relative response in the analytical method being used.
Reaction selectivity is a reaction composition that is expressed as the number of moles of desired product per the number of moles of undesired product. [Wikipedia]
Membership is the relational quality between a group or organization and its members. [Allotrope]
This is the structural aspect of membership. There is also a temporal aspect of being member of (membership state).
A plumbing configuration is a device configuration of a plumbing system or plumbing equipment. [Allotrope]
An injection device configuration is a device configuration of an injection device or its components. [Allotrope]
Wavenumber is a physical quality that inheres in a wave by virtue of the number of wave patterns per unit length along the direction of propagation. It is reciprocal to wavelength. [Allotrope]
2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic. electromagnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]
Raman spectrometer configuration is a device configuration of a Raman spectrometer. [Allotrope]
International Vocabulary of Metrology – Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM 3rd edition) JCGM 200:2012
Resolution is the quality of a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) to be able to measure the smallest change in a qualities that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]
The melting point is the temperature where a material changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase. [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Added relation to the flow rate being controlled. [Allotrope]
A flow rate configuration is a device configuration of a fluid controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the flow rate at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Added relation to the ratio being controlled or observed. [Allotrope]
A concentration ratio configuration is a device configuration of a fluid controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the concentration ratio of a mixture at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Added relation to the volume being controlled or observed. [Allotrope]
A volume configuration is a device configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the volume of some material at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
Polarity is the quality inhered in an energy that is the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical, or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope, NCI]
2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic, electro magnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Added relation to the polarity being controlled or observed. [Allotrope]
Polarity configuration is a device configuration that sets a specific detector or sensor response to be positive or negative to a reference state. [Allotrope]
The average radius of the pores within the solid particles. [Allotrope]
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being only capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices in outer layer of the solid and not its solid impermeable core. [Allotrope]
A bonded phase is the structure quality of a material that is covalently bonded to a substrate. [Allotrope]
A chemical substance quality is a quality that inheres in some portion of chemical substance. [Allotrope]
A molecular quality is a chemical quality which inheres in a molecular entity, a single molecule, atom, ion, radical etc. [Allotrope]
Energy (quality) is the amount of energy that a material entity contains. [Allotrope]
Energy is in BFO considered a material entity.
A mass spectrometry system configuration is a device configuration of a mass spectrometry system, that influences the operation of the system. [Allotrope]
2020-03-16 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
2020-03-16 Subclassed under pato:mass. [Allotrope]
Molecular mass is a molecular quality inhered in a molecular entity that expresses its mass relative to 1/12 of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at rest. [Allotrope]
mass-to-charge ratio (molecular quality)
Mass-to-charge ratio is a molecular quality that expresses the ratio of the molecular mass to the charge number of a molecular entity. [Allotrope]
This quality is itself a ratio of relative qualities, the molecular mass is relative to the unified atomic mass unit and the electric charge to the elementary charge. [Allotrope]
A molecular formula is a molecular quality that inheres in a molecular entity by the relative amount of component atoms. [Allotrope]
Electron energy is the translational energy that electrons acquire when accelerated in an electric field. [IUPAC]
isotopic distribution (molecular quality)
Isotopic distribution is a molecular quality inhered in a molecule by the distribution of different isotopes in the molecule. [Allotrope]
Electric resistivity is the quality of the electric field strength divided by the current density when there is no electromotive force in a conductor. [IUPAC]
Electric conductance is the quality inhered in a conductor that is the reciprocal of a the electric resistance. [IUPAC]
The cell path length is the length of the radiation path through the absorbing medium in a single-pass cell. [IUPAC]
Enthalpy (quality) is the quality of a system that is the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume. Its change in a system is equal to the heat brought to the system at constant pressure. [IUPAC]
A specific heat capacity (quality) is a heat capacity of a pure substance by virtue of the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature per amount of mass. [Allotrope]
Electric charge is the electrical quality of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. [Wikipedia]
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167. (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990)) on page 2212
The pressure exerted by a pure substance (at a given temperature) in a system containing only the vapor and condensed phase (liquid or solid) of the substance. [IUPAC]
An evacuation rate is a flow rate indicating the rate at which gas is removed from a chamber. [Allotrope]
measurement chamber free space volume (quality)
measurement chamber free space (quality)
A measurement chamber free space volume (quality) is the volume within a sample measurement chamber that is not occupied by the sample. [Allotrope]
Hygroscopicity is a quality inhered in a compound by virtue of its ability to readily take up and retain water, especially from the atmosphere. [Wikipedia]
The enthalpy of fusion is a quality inhered in of a solid substance that is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure. [Wikipedia]
The enthalpy of vaporization is a quality inhered in a liquid substance that is the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to the liquid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. [Wikipedia]
specific enthalpy of vaporization (quality)
The specific enthalpy of vaporization is the enthalpy of vaporization referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
molar enthalpy of vaporization (quality)
The molar enthalpy of vaporization is the enthalpy of vaporization referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
The molar enthalpy of fusion is the enthalpy of fusion referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
The specific enthalpy of fusion is the enthalpy of fusion referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
The enthalpy of sublimation is a quality inhered in a solid substance that is the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to the solid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. [Wikipedia]
specific enthalpy of sublimation (quality)
The specific enthalpy of sublimation is the enthalpy of sublimation referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
The specific enthalpy of sublimation is the enthalpy of sublimation referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk.
IUPAC, Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature, The Purple Book, 1st ed., p. 66
Turbidity is an optical quality that is the apparent absorbance of the incident radiation due to scattering. For small particles, direct proportionality exists between turbidity and the Rayleigh ratio. [IUPAC]
The count fraction is a quality pertaining the number of particles of a constituent divided by the total number of particles of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
The refractive index is an optical quality inhered in a material by virtue of how fast light travels through the material. [Allotrope]
The detector gain is a (relative) amount by which a detector to increases the magnitude of a signal from the input to the output port by adding energy to the signal. [Allotrope]
An optical quality of anisotropic material that has a refractive index which depends on the properties of light. [Allotrope]
Signal gain is the ratio of magnitude of a quality between a flow of energy incoming to a system (input signal) and the outgoing flow of energy (output signal) used for signaling. [Allotrope]
USP 30(6) Harmonization: <776> OPTICAL MICROSCOPY
An acicular particle shape is a shape of particle with similar small height and width and large length. [Allotrope]
A columnar particle shape is a shape of particle with similar moderate height and width and large length. [Allotrope]
Columnar particles are similar in shape to poster tubes or wood joists.
A flake particle shape is a shape of particle with small width and similar height and length. [Allotrope]
Flake particles are similar in shape to beer mats.
A plate particle shape is a shape of particle with moderate width and similar height and length. [Allotrope]
Plate particles are similar in shape to dinner plates.
A lath particle shape is a shape of particle with small width, moderate height, and large length. [Allotrope]
Lath particles are similar in shape to A4 paper sheets.
An equant particle shape is a shape of particle with similar height, width, and length. [Allotrope]
Equant particles may be spherical or cuboid.
An association state is a structure of an association of primary particles in a material. [Allotrope]
A lamellar association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of plate particles in a stack. [Allotrope]
An aggregate association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of particles loosely coupled together. [Allotrope]
An agglomerate association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of particles tightly coupled together. [Allotrope]
A conglomerate association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of different types of particle. [Allotrope]
A spherulite association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of particles grouped radially about a central point. [Allotrope]
A drusy association state is an association state where the primary particles associate as a collection of large particle covered by smaller particles. [Allotrope]
A particle shape is a shape quality of a particle. [Allotrope]
A chord length is the length between any two points on the edge of a particle, with an upper bound of the diameter of the particle. [Allotrope]
A current configuration is a device configuration of a current controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target electric current at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A voltage configuration is a device configuration of a voltage controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target voltage at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry", 1993
IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, 1993
Circular birefringence is the angle through which plane polarized light is rotated clockwise, as seen when facing the light source, in passing through an optically active medium. [IUPAC]
Specific rotation is the change in orientation of monochromatic plane-polarized light, per unit distance–concentration product, as the light passes through a sample of a compound in solution. [Wikipedia]
A temperature rate is a thermal quality which describes the change in temperature over time in some material bearer. [Allotrope]
The fractional variation of the resonance frequency of a nucleus in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in consequence of its magnetic environment. [IUPAC]
Relative permittivity is an electrical and magnetic quality inhered in a medium that is the ratio of the electric field strength in vacuum to that in the medium. [IUPAC]
Thermal conductance is the quality inhered in a conductor that is the reciprocal of the thermal resistance. [IUPAC]
Luminescence is an optical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment. [IUPAC]
An quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's placement at an angle. [PATO]
Particle density is the number density of a population of particles. [Allotrope]
A cumulative particle density is the number density of particles meeting a given criterion. [Allotrope]
A differential particle density is the number density of particles within a specified range criterion. [Allotrope]
scan position configuration (plate reader)
A scan position configuration is a system configuration of a the detector in a plate reader that is the position of the detector above or below the well plate. [Allotrope]
A top scan position is a scan position of a plate reader where the detector is above the well plate. [Allotrope]
A bottom scan position is a scan position of a plate reader where the detector is below the well plate. [Allotrope]
A vertical position is a position in a vertical spacial direction. [Allotrope]
Above of is a vertical position if the bottom of the bearer's spatial extend along the vertical dimension is higher then then the top of the other. [Allotrope]
Below of is a vertical position if the top of the bearer's spatial extend along the vertical dimension is higher then then the bottom of the other. [Allotrope]
A pressure configuration is a device configuration of a pressure controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target pressure at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
An ion current is a summary quality of an ion flow by virtue of the electrical charge of the ions. [Allotrope]
Electric impedance is the quality inhered in a conductor that is the complex representation of potential difference divided by the complex representation of the current. [IUPAC]
Stress is a mechanical quality representing the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. [Wikipedia]
A Young modulus is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain of a material. [Allotrope]
Sampling orientation is a system configuration of a separation device that is the direction of separation relative to the movement of the sampled material in the device. [Allotrope]
The eccentricity of a conic section is a non-negative real number that uniquely characterizes its shape. [Wikipedia]
A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension. [PATO]
Dielectric polarization is the quality inhered in a dielectric that is the difference between the electric displacement vector and the product of the electric field strength with the permittivity of vacuum. [IUPAC]
Gloss is an optical property which indicates how well a surface reflects light in a specular (mirror-like) direction. [Wikipedia]
A velocity configuration is a device configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the velocity of some process at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A distance configuration is a device configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the distance between of some materials at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A relative response is the ratio of an analytes device response signal to the device response signal of some reference material. [Allotrope]
A rotational speed is a movement quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's frequency of rotation. [Allotrope]
A circularity is a shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the two-dimensional roundness of an entity. [Allotrope]
Dead cell density is the cell density of the partition of dead cells. [Allotrope]
fluorescent tag positive count (quality)
Fluorescent tag positive cell count is the cell count of the partition of fluorescent tag positive cells. [Allotrope]
fluorescent tag positive cell density (quality)
Fluorescent tag positive cell density is the cell density of the partition of fluorescent tag positive cells. [Allotrope]
A polymer length is the length of a polymer chain at maximum extension. [Allotrope]
A hydrogen-bond acidity is a quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to act as a hydrogen bond donor. [Allotrope]
A hydrogen-bond basicity is a quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to act as a hydrogen bond acceptor. [Allotrope]
A steric resistance is a quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resistance to insertion of bulky molecules. [Allotrope]
A resonance (quality) is a quality inhered in a system by virtue of that system's response to oscillations of the system components at matching frequencies. [Allotrope]
A polarization orientation is a system configuration of a detector relative to the plane of excitation. [Allotrope]
An action is a unit element in a procedure and is a concretization of an action specification. [Allotrope]
A procedure is plan containing multiple activities that are intended to be executed in an order following a procedure specification. [Allotrope]
Portion of reality that is realized in some process. [Allotrope]
A specific combination of qualities that the bearer realizes at some time. [Allotrope]
A situation that is realized in a processes outside the system boundary of an operation situation of a device. [Allotrope]
2019-09-20 Moved, an operational situation is not necessarily an environmental situation. [Allotrope]
The situation when a device is performing its intended function. [Allotrope]
A transition is a situation that is realized when one or more preceding processes end and the one or more succeeding processes begin. [Allotrope]
A realizable entity that when realized coincides with the start of some intended or causally dependent process. [Allotrope]
A disposition of a portion of material to react with other materials in a specific way by nature of its chemical composition. [Allotrope]
A surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) disposed to having cleaning properties in dilute solutions. [ChEBI]
The disposition to lower the surface tension of the medium in which the material is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapor and/or at other interfaces. [ChEBI]
A surface-active agent is a disposition of a portion of material to react or interact with the surface of other materials. [Allotrope]
A chemical reaction disposition is a disposition inhered in a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]
A reaction selectivity disposition is a disposition of a reaction mixture to have a reaction selectivity. [Allotrope]
Hysteresis is the time-based dependence of a system's output on present and past inputs. The dependence arises because the history affects the value of an internal state. To predict its future outputs, either its internal state or its history must be known. [Wikipedia]
A plot of intensity vs. kinetic energy obtained when a high energy photon ionizes a core electron and an electron from a higher energy level descends to take its place, releasing sufficient energy to eject a second so-called 'Auger' electron. [CHMO]
A plot of enthalpy vs. temperature obtained by measuring the enthalpy required to increase the temperature of a sample as a function of temperature. [CHMO]
A chromatography peak is a peak that results from a detector's response to the presence of an analyte in the mobile phase eluting from a column in chromatography. [Allotrope]
A plot of emission vs. wavelength obtained through a Fourier transform of the time series of the radiation emitted by a sample of gas phase molecules that have been excited by a microwave-frequency pulse. [CHMO]
A Karl-Fischer titration curve is a titration curve of mass of water over time. [Allotrope]
The description of a chemical moiety or material that is assigned to a peak. [Allotrope]
A selected-ion monitoring (SIM) chromatogram is similar to an XIC, with the exception that the mass spectrometer is operated in SIM mode, such that only preselected m/z values are detected in the analysis. [Wikipedia]
A plot of a quantity related to the absorption, for example absorbance or cross section, multiplied by the quantum yield for the process considered against a measure of photon energy such as frequency, wavenumber or wavelength. [CHMO]
A plot of photoelectron count vs. kinetic energy. [CHMO]
A plot of ellipticity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the differential absorption of left- and right-handed circularly polarized photon radiation as a function of wavelength. [CHMO]
A plot of alpha-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and kinetic energies of alpha-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
The weighing result is the result of a weighing process. [Allotrope]
Data obtained from a structure determination method. [CHMO]
ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrum
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation in the ultraviolet to near-infrared (190-2000 nm) range. [CHMO]
2020-12-10 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A spectrum is a data distribution function of a measured quantity in a spectroscopy against some experimental parameter. [Allotrope]
A plot of cell current vs. the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes obtained from a voltammetry experiment. [CHMO]
A plot of ion current vs. retention time obtained from a chromatography experiment with mass detection. A small mass window is monitored such that the mass chromatogram represents detection of a very specific mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]
A data set derived from chemical imaging consisting of a three-dimensional image where two axes describe the x and y spatial dimensions and the third dimension represents spectral wavelength. The image is obtained by stacking one image per spectral wavelength sequentially. [CHMO]
A plot of energy vs. time obtained from the measurement of the heat evolved during a chemical or biochemical reaction (such as protein--receptor binding). [CHMO]
A plot of gamma-ray count vs. energy spectrum obtained by measuring the number and energy of gamma-rays emitted or absorbed by a sample. [CHMO]
A temperature measurement result is an assay result that is the output of a temperature measurement. [Allotrope]
A plot of detector signal (e.g. ion count or absorbance) vs. retention time obtained from a column chromatography experiment where the mobile phase is a gas. [CHMO]
An electropherogram is the outcome of a capillary electrophoresis that reports the response of a detector as a function of time. [Allotrope]
A plot of intensity against wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation emitted by a sample through fluorescence against the frequency of the incident radiation. [CHMO]
electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectra
electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectrum
A plot of intensity vs. energy loss obtained by measuring the energy lost by electrons on interacting with a surface. [CHMO]
An excitation spectrum is a plot of the spectral radiant exitance or of the spectral photon exitance against the frequency (or wavenumber, or wavelength) of excitation. [IUPAC]
The measurement result of analysis from a blood gas analyzer. [Allotrope]
A mass chromatogram is a distribution function of a mass detector signal versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]
A plot of intensity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the sound emitted when a gaseous sample is exposed to an intense laser beam, which is rapidly interrupted by a rotating slotted disk. [CHMO]
A plot of relative pressure vs. volume adsorbed obtained by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. [CHMO]
A data point is the single point in a coordinate space. [Allotrope]
In an extracted-ion chromatogram (XIC or EIC), also called a reconstructed-ion chromatogram (RIC), one or more m/z values representing one or more analytes of interest are recovered ('extracted') from the entire data set for a chromatographic run. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-20 Changed equivalent class to subclass. [Allotrope]
The final outcome reported for a measured or computed quantity, after performing a measuring procedure including all sub procedures and evaluations. [IUPAC, Allotrope]
An absorption spectrum is a data distribution function that plots the absorption of radiance as the function of frequency or wavelength. [Wikipedia]
2018-07-19 Changed definition, relaxed restriction. [Allotrope]
A peak group is a user defined set of peaks for which summed peak facet data is expected. [Allotrope]
A common example is for alkanes such as heptanes. Often all of the isomers (C7H16, CH3CH2(CH3)C4H10, C2H5CH2(CH3)C3H8, CH3CH2(CH2CH3)C3H8, etc) are reported as a single value.
2020-11-12 Subclassed under chromatography result. [Allotrope]
A chromatogram is a distribution function of a detector signal (such as ion count or absorbance) versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the ultraviolet region (190-400 nm) range. [CHMO]
A plot of absorbance or transmittance vs. wavelength/wavenumber/frequency obtained by measuring the absorption or transmission of infrared radiation by a sample. [CHMO]
Any spectrum that shows the response of spin-active nuclei to radio frequency radiation in an applied magnetic field. [CHMO]
A plot of extinction (or transmittance) vs. wavelength (or wavenumber) obtained by measuring the amount of radiation transmitted through a sample as a function of the wavelength of the incident radiation. Optical extinction spectra can also be derived theoretically. [CHMO]
A plot of absorption or emission radiation vs. frequency that reflects the internal degrees of freedom of an atom, obtained in an experiment where the sample is vaporized and then atomized. [CHMO]
A plot of current (or a first or higher derivative of current with respect to voltage) vs. voltage obtained by measuring the tunneling current through a metal-oxide-metal sandwich. Molecules are adsorbed onto the oxide and these molecules can affect the tunneling via the excitation of vibrational states. [CHMO]
A melting curve is the data distribution function over temperature that is the output of a melting curve analysis. Melting curve analysis is an assessment of the dissociation characteristics of double-stranded DNA during heating. As the temperature is raised, the double strand begins to dissociate leading to a rise in the absorbance intensity, hyperchromicity. [Wikipedia]
gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis spectrum
A plot of electrophoretic mobility diameter vs. particle count generated by separating singly-charged complexes in air under the influence of an electric field. [CHMO]
A certificate refers to the confirmation of certain characteristics of an object, person or organization. This confirmation is often, but not always, provided by some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit. Accreditation is a specific organization's process of certification. [Wikipedia]
An electromagnetic radiation chromatogram is a distribution function of a electromagnetic radiation detector signal versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the visible region (380-800 nm) range. [CHMO]
A plot of a relative biological or chemical photoresponse per number of incident photons against wavelength or energy of radiation under the same radiant power of light. [CHMO]
A plot of % oxygen vs. time, measured during a process where oxygen is consumed or evolved. [CHMO]
A plot of decibels vs. frequency obtained by measuring the amount of noise generated by a sample as a function of frequency of incident radiation. [CHMO]
A plot of stress vs. flow rate obtained from rheological measurements. [CHMO]
A plot of intensity vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of X-rays absorbed or emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
A plot of beta-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of beta-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation in the ultraviolet to visible (190-800 nm) range. [CHMO]
A plot of impedance vs. frequency that reflects the change in impedance of a sample during excitation. [CHMO]
A plot of e vs hv where e is the molar extinction coefficient, that is used to determine the optical gap (or 'Tauc gap') in amorphous thin film materials. [CHMO]
Spectrum obtained with the operation of a mass spectrometer in which the abundances of one ion or several ions of specific m/z values are recorded rather than the entire mass spectrum (Selected Ion Monitoring). [PSI/MS]
A plot of detector signal (e.g. ion count or absorbance) vs. retention time obtained from a chromatography experiment where the separation is caused by exclusion effects within the stationary phase and where the stationary phase is a swollen gel. [CHMO]
A three-dimensional spectrum generated by scanning the emission spectrum at incremental steps of excitation wavelength. [CHMO]
2024-06-16 Changed definition to be more specific and added data region as new parent term. [Allotrope]
A peak is a data region containing a single local extremum in the dependent variable of the distribution function. [Allotrope]
The electromagnetic radiation spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies. [Wikipedia]
Collection of peaks or peak groups for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]
incident photon conversion efficiency spectrum
incident photon conversion efficiency spectra
incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectra
incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectrum
incident photon to collected electron spectra
incident photon to current collection efficiency spectrum
incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency spectrum
incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectrum
incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectrum
A plot of incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) vs. wavelength obtained from a solar or photovoltaic cell. [CHMO]
A mass spectrum is a data distribution function that plots the relative abundances of ions forming a beam or other collection as a function of their m/z values. [IUPAC]
A ion chromatogram is a distribution function of a ion current signal of a mass detector versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]
A Karl-Fischer titration result is the result of a Karl-Fischer titration run. [Allotrope]
2018-03-09 Added to cell counting domain [OSTHUS]
A cell counter result is an assay result that is the result of a cell counter assay. [Allotrope]
A plot of volume of titrant vs. an independent variable (e.g., pH or enthalpy) obtained from a titration experiment. [CHMO]
A plot of intensity against wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation emitted by a sample through luminescence against the frequency of the incident radiation. [CHMO]
A plot of intensity vs. velocity obtained by measuring the intensity and kinetic energy of a beam of gamma-rays transmitted through a solid sample. [CHMO]
A titration result is the result of a titration. [Allotrope]
A plot of detector signal (e.g. ion count or absorbance) vs. retention time obtained from a chromatography experiment where the separation is caused by differences in molecular size. [CHMO]
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength, obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation, which reflects the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]
A plot of intensity vs. Raman shift (cm-1) obtained by measuring the Raman scattering of monochromatic light from a sample. [CHMO]
2020-11-12 Moved from chromatography domain to AFO. [Allotrope]
A chromatography result is a result of a chromatography run. [Allotrope]
The capillary electrophoresis result is the result of a process of capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
Any plot of signal intensity observed at a chosen m/z value or set of values in a series of mass spectra recorded as a function of time, including extracted ion chromatogram, extracted ion electropherogram, or from flow injection analysis or any other time-dependent sampling. [IUPAC]
Group of peaks representing ions of the same elemental composition, but different isotopic compositions. [IUPAC]
A profile is a data distribution function that is a function of time. [Allotrope]
Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609. Retrieved 9 May. 2019, from doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06
A total ion current profile is a data distribution function of the total ion current recorded as function of time or time dependent sampling. [Allotrope]
The readout from a microplate reader measurement. [Allotrope]
A melting peak results from energy transfer due to the transition from the solid to the liquid phase. [Allotrope]
A transition peak is a peak in the differential scanning calorimetry curve that results from a structural transition of the sample. [Allotrope]
A trend is the result of a process of trending. [Allotrope]
In Raman spectroscopy a trend a result based on a collection of spectra. [Allotrope]
In infrared spectroscopy the intensities of peaks over time can be used to monitor compound concentration increase/decrease of a chemical reaction over time.
2020-05-11 Moved from taxonomy to AFO, different perspective than iao:Document
A file is a resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. [Wikipedia]
A differential scanning calorimetry peak is a peak that is the result of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and part of a DSC curve. [Allotrope]
differential scanning calorimetry result
The differential scanning calorimetry result is the result of a DSC measurement. [Allotrope]
2019-05-10 Generalized term. [Allotrope]
A prediction or forecast is a proposition about a future event. [Wikipedia]
A fingerprint is a type of or portion of spectrum that has a characteristic structure. It can be used as a fingerprint for comparison to reference spectra. [Allotrope]
Infrared spectra are fingerprints. The fingerprint region of an IR spectrum lies between 1500 and 500 cm-1 while a complete IR spectrum normally has a range from 4000 to 500 cm-1. Note that the overlay is synonym for the same activity (fingerprinting).
A distribution is a collection of frequencies of results of a sample. Each frequency is number of occurrences within a given interval. The distribution can be expressed relatively to the width of the interval. [Allotrope]
A particle sizing result is the outcome of a process of particle sizing. [Allotrope]
Result of a spectroscopical measurement. [Allotrope]
A glass transition peak is a peak of the differential scanning calorimetry curve that results from the glass transition of a sample. [Allotrope]
An overlay of scans is a graphic overlay of generated spectra for comparison. [Allotrope]
2020-03-23 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
An exothermic peak is a differential scanning calorimetry peak resulting from energy transfer from the sample heating cell to the surrounding. [Allotrope]
An endothermic peak is a differential scanning calorimetry peak peak resulting from energy transfer to the sample heating cell. [Allotrope]
2019-08-19 Moved under data distribution function. [Allotrope]
The calibration curve is a data distribution function of the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changed with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured). [Wikipedia]
A tune file is a file that contains the tuning parameters of a mass spectrometer tuning. [Allotrope]
Linear procedure specification that specifies analysis. [Allotrope]
An analysis method is a plan specification that specifies an analysis. [Allotrope]
An interpolation algorithm using cubic polynomials. [Allotrope]
2022-11-28 Changed defintion. [Allotrope]
An interpolation algorithm is an algorithm about interpolation that specifies the way an interpolation process is carried out. [Allotrope]
Linear interpolation is a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials to construct new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]
2020-06-23 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A log is a list of related log entries. [Allotrope]
A log entry is a list item representing a recorded event. [Allotrope]
A quality profile control command is an action specification about a quality process profile. [Allotrope]
An unretained peak is a peak which represents the detection result of a material entity which was not retained by a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
Level of measurement is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. [Wikipedia]
A classification that only introduces categorical values. [Allotrope]
A classification of measurement that introduces equality and rank-ordering. [Allotrope]
A scale that is based on equal quantitative intervals. [Allotrope]
A scale that introduces a zero as origin and allows equality, rank-ordering, equality of intervals and equality of ratios. [Allotrope]
A log-interval scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on logarithmic intervals. [Allotrope]
A cyclic scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on recurring intervals. [Allotrope]
Counts are like ratio scale that they have a zero point but there are no meaningful fractional units. [Allotrope]
A classification is a proposition that categorizes things into classes or collections of things differentiated by some criteria. [Allotrope]
An identifier is a name that identifies (that is, labels the identity of) either a unique object or a unique class of objects, where the "object" or class may be an idea, physical [countable] object (or class thereof), or physical [uncountable] substance (or class thereof). [Wikipedia]
A globally unique identifier is an identifier whose uniqueness is guaranteed in a decentralized way by following a certain algorithm in its creation. [Allotrope]
An identifier that uniquely denotes objects only within the scope of a specific object aggregate and that is not registered in an identifier registry. [Allotrope]
A range that describes a range of quantity values using the same unit. [Allotrope]
A list index is a type of index that is related to a list item in a collection. [Allotrope]
A description is a proposition about an existing entity. [Allotrope]
A facet is a partial information that contains an aspect of some information content entity or parts of it when participating in some process. The facet abstracts of the concrete representation of this aspect of information. [Allotrope]
A multiplicand in a mathematical product expression. [Allotrope]
A factor with a complex number as value. [Allotrope]
A factor with a integer number as value. [Allotrope]
A factor with a real number as value. [Allotrope]
A facet that represents some strictly ordered key in an associative array or the position of a member in a list. [Allotrope]
An index that denotes some matrix component. [Allotrope]
An index that denotes some tensor component. [Allotrope]
An index that denotes some vector component. [Allotrope]
An order facet adds information of the ordering of some information in an aggregation of information. [Allotrope]
A predecessor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately before it in a containing list. [Allotrope]
A successor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately after it in a containing list. [Allotrope]
In mathematical numeral systems, the radix or base is the number of unique digits, including zero, used to represent numbers in a positional numeral system. [Wikipedia]
Size is the number of members of some collection of data. [Allotrope]
2018-10-29 Changed pref label to time, timestamp is alt label [Allotrope]
A time is a facet that adds temporal information to an information content entity about the point in time when the information content entity it is participating in the some process. [Allotrope]
Duration is a close match, but is about a time interval.
This facet can have multiple representational forms, e.g. XML dateTime or QUDT time quantity values.
A specification on the order, transitions and trigger of multiple action specifications that are part of some aggregate action specification. [Allotrope]
An interpolation algorithm using polynomials. [Allotrope]
A directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take. [IAO]
An action specification that specifies an event within a process when the specified activity is realized. [Allotrope]
The events are modeled after the ISA-S88 process commands. [Allotrope]
A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the function it bears in it. [Allotrope]
2018-10-19 Changed pref label [Allotrope]
A procedure specification with a linear ordered collection of action specifications. [Allotrope]
2024-06-16 Changed parent term. [Allotrope]
A facet that is part of a peak. [Allotrope]
2024-06-16 Adjusted text definition to use extremum rather than apex. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the peak extremum offset by the baseline ascribed to the peak. [Allotrope]
2018-07-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the height of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]
A device property can be set between a minimum and maximum value but only in steps of the increment value. [Allotrope]
Step size of sweeping over 2Theta, unit ° [Allotrope]
2019-07-04 Moved under process quantification facet in taxonomy. [Allotrope]
A measure of the magnitude of the time region in which the process occurs. [Allotrope]
The date/time of the measurement. [Allotrope]
A description of a fundamental characteristic of a process. [Allotrope]
A measure of the magnitude of change of some participating entity per amount of time relative to other processes having similar changes. [Allotrope]
An observation is a description of a portion of reality that has been observed during an observing process. [Allotrope]
The number of points is the total number of points sampled during a measurement. [Allotrope]
In a spectrum, the number of points is the total number of peak positions.
A specification is a proposition about the intended purpose or design of an entity. [Allotrope]
In mathematics, tensors are geometric objects that describe linear relations between geometric vectors, scalars, and other tensors. Elementary examples of such relations include the dot product, the cross product, and linear maps. The tensor datum is a facet that uses a tensor as an abstract mathematical description. [Wikipedia]
A tensor with order greater than 2. [Allotrope]
In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns. [Wikipedia]
A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space. [Wikipedia]
In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector (sometimes called a geometric or spatial vector, or—as here—simply a vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction. [Wikipedia]
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only integer scalar components. [Allotrope]
A vector number datum is a vector datum that has only numeric scalar components. [Allotrope]
A vector quantity datum is a vector datum that has only quantity value scalar components. [Allotrope]
A time datum is a type of datum that quantifies a duration of time or is about a time interval. [Allotrope]
A scalar range datum is a type of datum that is about range quantified by a scalar value. [Allotrope]
A function specification that specifies the ways of achievement. [Allotrope]
A specification that specifies the determinate range of some quality. [Allotrope]
A capability specification specifies some function that the target of the specification inheres. This capability can be restricted to a specific situation. [Allotrope]
A participant specification which specifies an information object that has the contextual role of a parameter in the realized process. [Allotrope]
A parameter specification can include a formal name, a datatype, a shape or range of values if the parameter is a datum.
A parameter specification is about a parameter. It is a parameter itself only in the context of a specification process.
A participant specification that specifies a information objects that have the contextual role of a result in the realized process. [Allotrope]
2018-11-16 Allow contextual roles to be referenced as well has normal roles in role specifications. [Allotrope]
A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the general role it plays in it. [Allotrope]
A specification about the transition between two or more actions. [Allotrope]
A trigger specification is a situation specification that specifies a trigger. [Allotrope]
A specification of a circumstances (process). [Allotrope]
A datum that is an integer value. [Allotrope]
A datum that has non-negative integer values that is about the number of discrete things. [Allotrope]
A datum that is a decimal value. [Allotrope]
A datum that is a IEEE floating point value. [Allotrope]
A scalar categorical datum is a type of datum that describes something based on a scalar value for a kind of category. [Allotrope]
A scalar datum that has a numeric value. [Allotrope]
A scalar quantity datum is a type of datum that is about a quantity and quantifies by a scalar value. [Allotrope]
A proposition is an information content entity that is statement or assertion that has a truth value. [Allotrope]
A representation form is a type of information content entity that represents an entity in a certain way. [Allotrope]
plot as representation form of a temperature profile
A model is a purposeful simplified description of a part of reality that focuses on specific aspects. [Allotrope]
A model that explains some principle rules about something. [Allotrope]
A physical domain is a type of description that covers physical objects. [Allotrope]
An information content entity that is an input or output in a process at the boundary of a system. The signal is sent or received via ports of the system. The signal conveys information about the behavior or attributes of some phenomenon. [Allotrope]
A specification that is part of some action specification that specifies some continuant that when the concretized action is realized becomes a participant playing some (contextual) role in the process. [Allotrope]
2019-05-09 Moved under classification datum. [Allotrope]
Isobar is a classification facet that classifies atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number. [Wikipedia]
A tuple is a finite ordered list (sequence) of elements. [Wikipedia]
A mathematical object is an information content entity that is an abstraction in the area of mathematics. It has a formal definition that allows for deductive reasoning and mathematical proofs. [Allotrope]
A 1-tuple is a tuple that is a singleton. [Wikipedia]
A 2-tuple is a tuple that is an ordered pair. [Wikipedia]
A 3-tuple is a tuple that is a triple or triplet. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-24 Moved under situation specification. [Allotrope]
A configuration specification is a situation specification that is about a realized configuration inhered in a specification target. [Allotrope]
2019-05-10 Moved up in hierarchy [Allotrope]
A registry is information content entity that is an aggregate of designations. [Allotrope]
A description of distribution of a quantity with respect to a set of parameters. [Allotrope]
This can be the result of a measurement, simulation or prediction. [Allotrope]
2019-05-10 Moved under written name [Allotrope]
A family name is a name that is the portion (in some cultures) of a personal name that indicates a person's family (or tribe or community, depending on the culture). [Wikipedia]
The family name is provided (alongside given name) for use when describing parts of people's names. Although these concepts do not capture the full range of personal naming styles found world-wide, they are commonly used and have some value. [FoaF]
A given name is a name that is a part of a person's personal name. [Wikipedia]
The given name is provided (alongside family name) for use when describing parts of people's names. Although these concepts do not capture the full range of personal naming styles found world-wide, they are commonly used and have some value. [FoaF]
A personal name is a name that is composed of a set of names by which an individual is known. [Allotrope]
A country name is a location facet that denotes a country. [Allotrope]
A facet that is about some spatial region or site. [Allotrope]
A homepage hyperlink is a web page hyperlink that is a reference to home page of a person or organization. [Allotrope]
A web page hyperlink is a URL that is a reference to web page. [Allotrope]
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. [Wikipedia]
2020-03-20 Changed pref label, added alt labels. [Allotrope]
An LDAP identifier is an online account managed by an LDAP server and follows the LDAP specification. [Allotrope]
2021-06-23 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
2022-12-208 Changed parent class. [Allotrope]
2022-12-208 Changed pref label, added alt label. [Allotrope]
An account to a local computer. [Allotrope]
A written name denoting a locality (e.g. city) as part a postal address. [Allotrope]
A molecular structure is a description of the type and arrangement of the atoms and the direction of bonds linking atoms that constitute a molecule. [Allotrope]
2018-07-19 Definition changed. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that quantitates the area enclosed by a peak and the selected baseline. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the abscissa value of the extrema (maxima or minima) attributed to the peak in a data description function. The extrema is often determined through a mathematical fitting of measurement signals to eliminate spurious extrema due to noise. [Allotrope]
2018-08-01 Changed definition [Allotrope]
A peak facet denoting its width at a specified peak height or variance. [Allotrope]
The street address is a location facet of a postal address, that denotes a street. [Allotrope]
A number for calling a telephone. [Allotrope]
A title is a prefix or suffix added to a personal name. A title can be a title of honor, that is a title bestowed as an award, a honorary title (academic), that is a recognition of contributions by a non-employee or employee, a hereditary title, that is a title that remains in a family or a job title, that is a designation of a person's position in an organization. [Wikipedia]
An honorific prefix is a facet that is part of a prefix to a person's name. [Allotrope]
A facet that is about communication channels. [Allotrope]
A location name is a location facet that denotes a geographical place. [Allotrope]
A postal code of a postal address. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that describes the deviation of the peak's distribution from symmetry about its mean. [Allotrope]
2020-03-20 Added quantification facet superclass. [Allotrope]
Retention time is a chromatography peak facet that indicates the elapsed time between the injection of the sample and the maximum detector response attributed to the peak (analyte band). [Allotrope]
Slope is a mathematical facet of a line that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line. [Wikipedia]
A point is a two-dimensional figure that represents a zero-dimensional spacial region. [Allotrope]
A figure facet is a facet that is part of a figure. [Allotrope]
An assignment is a proposition that is an assertion of some relation between entities. [Allotrope]
A timebase is a description that is about a point in time (process boundary or zero dimensional temporal region) that has the role of a temporal reference. [Allotrope]
A facet that is part of a mathematical expression, formula or equation. [Allotrope]
2019-07-04 Changed pref label to be more precise. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
2021-03-16 Fixed quantifies some mass. [Allotrope]
A facet that is part of a quantification of a quality, aggregate or process. [Allotrope]
A quantification facet is usually a quantity value or a categorization into some group. It is described by a numeric value together with a unit or a categorical value. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Changed label and definition. [Allotrope]
A capability is a proposition that is about a function, role or quality realized under given conditions. [Allotrope]
A capability can be in a description or specification role.
A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE double precision datum (xsd:double). [Allotrope]
A cell counter result data is a facet of a document about a cell counting assay that is about a some result of the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
A cell counter parameter datum is a facet of a document about a cell counting assay that is about a some parameter of the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Viable cell density is a cell counter result data that quantifies the number density of the viable cells in the sample in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Cell density dilution factor is a cell counter parameter data that describes the dilution factor of the solution prepared for the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
2023-09-31 Changed pref label to clarify term usage. [Allotrope]
Cell type processing method is cell counter parameter data that describes the type of cells analyzed in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Viability is a cell counter result data that quantifies the viability of the cells analyzed. [Allotrope]
Total cell density is a cell counter result data that quantifies the number density of the cells in the sample in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
average viable cell diameter (cell counter)
average live cell diameter (cell counter)
2023-06-26 Renamed to average viable cell diameter to align with other usages of viable cell in prefLabels. [Allotrope]
Average viable cell diameter is a cell counter result data that states the average diameter of the viable cells measured. [Allotrope]
Total cell count is a cell counter result data that states the total number of cells that were counted in the cell counting measurement. [Allotrope]
Viable cell count is a cell counter result data that states the number of viable cells that were counted in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
2020-03-09 Moved to AFO as defined class. [Allotrope]
Analyst is measurement metadata about the name or identifier of a person that has the role of an analyst in the measurement. [Allotrope]
Measurement metadata is a facet that is part of a information content entity about a measurement that is about the context of the measurement, but not directly about the measurement result or a measurement parameter. [Allotrope]
Sample id is a measurement metadata that identifies a sample being measured. [Allotrope]
2020-03-23 Subclassed under device identifier. [Allotrope]
Equipment serial number is a serial number that identifies an equipment used in the measuring by its serial number. [Allotrope]
2020-06-15 Removed measurement metadata superclass and generalized the definition. [Allotrope]
A batch identifier is an identifier that identifies a batch. [Allotrope]
A batch identifier is used to reference the batch where a sample is taken from for being measured. In this case it is a measurement metadata. [Allotrope]
Measurement id is measurement metadata that identifies the measuring run. [Allotrope]
A sampling specification is an action specification of the way a sampling is done. [Allotrope]
pCO2 is a blood gas result datum that quantifies the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in solution. [Allotrope]
pO2 is a blood gas result datum that quantifies the partial pressure of oxygen gas dissolved in the blood. [Allotrope]
pH (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, defined as the decadic logarithm of the reciprocal activity of hydrogen ions. [Allotrope]
Absorbance is a quantity facet that quantifies the absorbance as logarithm to the base 10 (linear absorbance) of the incident (prior to absorption) spectral radiant power, divided by the transmitted spectral radiant power. [IUPAC]
The acquisition time is the time when a signal is captured. [Allotrope]
A wavelength is a facet that quantifies a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. [Allotrope]
2024-06-16 Subclassed under new data region identifier term. [Allotrope]
A peak identifier is an identifier that identifies a peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the area of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]
2024-06-16 Added new parent term. [Allotrope]
A peak name is a written name that denotes some peak. [Allotrope]
A peak index is an index that denotes a peak in a list of peaks. [Allotrope]
An information content entity that describes the unwanted random and systematic fluctuations to the signal that limit the ability to detect a signal contribution of interest. [Allotrope]
2020-03-20 Added superclass quality quantification facet. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that quantitates the amount of analyte attributed to the peak based on a calibration curve, response factor or other quantitative formula. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the amount of analyte ascribed to a the peak relative to the amount of some other analyte or summation of analytes. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that indicates whether the response curve of the peak is above or below the signal baseline. [Allotrope]
A chromatography peak facet that denotes the retention time of the peak relative to some other specified reference peak. [Allotrope]
A relative retention time that quantitates the ratio of the retention time of the peak relative to some other specified reference peak. [Allotrope]
A relative retention time that quantitates the ratio of the adjusted retention time (corrected for hold-up time) of the peak relative to the adjusted retention time of some reference peak. [Allotrope]
A chromatography peak facet is a facet of a chromatography peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that describes the peak start boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that describes the peak end boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak start time. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak end time. [Allotrope]
A peak point is a data region point that is a member of a peak. [Allotrope]
2020-04-28 Moved to AFO for single inheritence in AFT. [Allotrope]
A 2D-data point is a data point in 2-dimensional space. [Allotrope]
A 3D-data point is a data point in 3-dimensional space. [Allotrope]
The peak start point is the data point of the peak with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
The peak end point is the data point of the peak with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
The peak maximum point is the data point of the peak with the largest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
A tuple item is an object in a tuple. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that ratios the peak height value with background level of noise. It is an indication of the sensitivity of a particular method toward the analyte that the peak represents. [Allotrope]
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the Root Mean Square noise method. [Allotrope]
signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, EP 2.2.46)
2019-09-26 Removed alt labels, now their own subclasses. [Allotrope]
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the peak-to-peak noise method. This includes JP-G20 (measured over optimally 20 X peak width at half height but at least 5 times the peak width at half height), EP 2.2.46 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height), USP 621 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height). [Allotrope]
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the ASTM E1657-98 method. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that measures the degree of separation between the peak and another specified peak. [Allotrope]
The peak minimum point is the data point of the peak with the smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
The peak extremum point is the data point of the peak with the largest or smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
2019-08-19 Moved under statistical facet. [Allotrope]
In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment. A statistical population can be a group of existing objects or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of objects conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]
A statistical sample set is a description of a subset of the statistical population, that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]
A partition is a collection that is an aggregate part of a larger collection. Each member of the partition is also a member of the larger collection. [Allotrope]
A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]
A summary datum is a facet of a collection that is about summary information about features of the members of the collection, such as descriptive statistics in order to communicate the largest amount of information as simply as possible. [Allotrope]
maximum height of a peak - peak is a collection of peak points, peak height is a facet of each peak point.
The position is the location of a physical entity. [Allotrope]
Geolocation expressed as geographic coordinates
Position expressed with respect to a given coordinate system at some time t.
Position of a vial on a tray expressed as indexed number.
2018-07-23 Replaced deprecated af-p:AFP_0001083
2019-08-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
2019-08-19 Moved under data point. [Allotrope]
2020-04-28 Add subclass of calibration result.
A calibration point is a single calibration result at a specific test point (one or more reference values). [Allotrope]
In pH calibration a point with a set pH and buffer solution.
The formulation of a material is a data object that describes its composition of ingredients. [Allotrope]
An information content entity that describes the background (offset) component of a signal not due to the analyte (peak) of interest. [Allotrope]
The portion of the chromatogram recording the detector response when only the mobile phase emerges from the column. [IUPAC]
Term granularity relates an entity to an instance of granularity that describes the level of granularity that a term belongs to. [Allotrope]
A vial is a container that exists in macroscopic scale.
A chromatographic peak facet that quantitates the degree of separation between two peaks of a chromatogram. [Allotrope]
chromatographic peak resolution using baseline peak widths
chromatographic peak resolution by USP <621> using widths at baseline
chromatographic peak resolution calculated by the ASTM method
Chromatographic peak resolution that is calculated by the USP <621> method using peak widths measured at the baseline. [Allotrope]
chromatographic peak resolution using peak width at half-height
chromatographic peak resolution by USP using widths at half-height
chromatographic peak resolution calculated by EP
chromatographic peak resolution calculated by JP-27
Chromatographic peak resolution that is calculated using peak widths measured at the half height. [Allotrope]
chromatographic peak resolution using statistical moments
Chromatographic peak resolution that is calculated based on peak widths derived from the second statistical moment (peak variance). [Allotrope]
The capacity factor is a chromatography peak facet that is a measure of the time the sample component resides in the stationary phase relative to the time it resides in the mobile phase: it expresses how much longer a sample component is retarded by the stationary phase than it would take to travel through the column with the velocity of the mobile phase. [IUPAC]
A chromatography peak facet that denotes the ratio of the peak's capacity factor to that of another specified peak. [Allotrope]
2022-012-07 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A chromatographic peak asymmetry factor is a chromatography peak facet that is equivalent to the ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its trailing edge to that of its fronting edge at a specified peak height. [Allotrope]
asymmetry factor measured at 5 percent height
A quantitative asymmetry factor using 5% peak height. [Allotrope]
A quantitative asymmetry factor using the third statistical moment calculated from the peak. [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates (chromatography)
A chromatography peak facet that measures the amount of band broadening that occurs during the separation and thus the efficiency of the chromatographic system. [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates by tangent method
number of theoretical plates by USP method
The number of theoretical plates calculated based on the peak width measured at the baseline. [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates by peak width at half height
number of theoretical plates by EP method
number of theoretical plates by JP method
The number of theoretical plates calculated based on the peak width measured at half height. [Allotrope]
2019-07-01 Changed specification target to be a device configuration. [Allotrope]
A parameter specification specific to the sampler device in the chromatography system. [Allotrope]
A control setting is a setting that controls how a process is executed by some system. [Allotrope]
An alert setting is a setting that specifies conditions and situations that trigger alerts during the operation of a device. [Allotrope]
maximum pressure of the fluid for a plumbing system
minimum environment temperature for operation
A detector setting is a setting that specifies a detector configuration. [Allotrope]
An electronic absorbance detector setting is a setting that specifies a device configuration of an electronic absorbance detector. [Allotrope]
A detector offset setting is a detector setting parameter that adds the specified value to its output signal. It is often used to avoid negative signal values. [Allotrope]
A detector sampling rate setting is a detector setting parameter that specifies the rate at which the detector changes its output signal. It is limited by the actual physical/chemical process of detection and the detector electronics. Often the sample rate is set lower than the maximum sampling rate so that adjacent data points can be averaged to provide better signal to noise. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance reference bandwidth setting
An electronic absorbance reference bandwidth setting is an electronic absorbance detector setting parameter that specifies the bandwidth of the reference signal that is subtracted from a particular signal of the device in order to compensate for background signal and noise. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance reference wavelength setting
An electronic absorbance reference wavelength setting is an electronic absorbance detector setting parameter that specifies the nominal reference wavelength of the reference signal that is subtracted from a particular signal of the device in order to compensate for background signal and noise. [Allotrope]
An electronic absorbance bandwidth setting is an electronic absorbance detector setting parameter that specifies the bandwidth of a particular signal to be measured by the device. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance wavelength setting
An electronic absorbance wavelength setting that is an electronic absorbance detector setting parameter that specifies the nominal wavelength of a particular signal to be measured by the device. [Allotrope]
2018-12-10 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
2018-12-10 Make a defined class. [Allotrope]
2018-12-10 Move from AFT to AFO. [Allotrope]
2019-07-04 Changed to more verbose definition. [Allotrope]
A temperature setting is a setting that specifies some temperature configuration of a temperature controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target temperature at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A function is a process or a relation that associates each element x of a set X, the domain of the function, to a single element y of another set Y (possibly the same set), the codomain of the function. [Wikipedia]
A product manufacturer is a symbol that denotes the organizational entity manufacturing some entity with a product role (economic). [Allotrope]
A firmware version is a version number that identifies the firmware of a device. [Allotrope]
In electronic systems and computing, firmware is "the combination of a hardware device, e.g. an integrated circuit, and computer instructions and data that reside as read only software on that device". As a result, firmware usually cannot be modified during normal operation of the device. Typical examples of devices containing firmware are embedded systems (such as traffic lights, consumer appliances, and digital watches), computers, computer peripherals, mobile phones, and digital cameras. The firmware contained in these devices provides the control program for the device. [Wikipedia]
In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the principal (or only) operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position, known as enqueue, and removal of entities from the front terminal position, known as dequeue. [Wikipedia]
A list used to sequence objects and to line up requests for a resource. [NCI]
The peak width determined at the baseline level. The peak tangents are drawn from the turning points of the leading and trailing edges. Then the points of intersection with the baseline are calculated. The distance between the two points of intersection is the baseline level width. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 5 % of its peak height. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at half of the peak height. [Allotrope]
autosampler injection volume setting (chromatography)
An autosampler parameter specification that specifies the volume of sample the autosampler is to inject into the mobile phase for separation. [Allotrope]
A parameter specification specific to the pump device in the chromatography system. [Allotrope]
pump mobile phase ratio setting (chromatography)
A pump parameter specification that specifies the mobile phase ratio in the eluent. [Allotrope]
A pump parameter specification that specifies the total flow rate of the combined mobile phases (eluent). [Allotrope]
A standard is a norm or requirement that is established for technical systems. [Wikipedia]
A classification datum is a facet that classifies some entity. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Moved to AFO as defined class. [Allotrope]
A type datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing as an instance of an RDFS class. [Allotrope]
Textual definition only to avoid owl:full.
A concept datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing by a SKOS concept. [Allotrope]
A classification datum that classifies things by a code in a codelist. [Allotrope]
A blood gas analysis result datum is a facet that is part a blood gas analysis result. [Allotrope]
A type specification is a specification of a collection of things by the members of that collection being classified as instance of a class or concept, often with additional constraints. [Allotrope]
A property specification is a specification about a feature, property, attribute or characteristic. The specification defines constraints on it, such as being an instance of a specific class. [Allotrope]
A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE single precision datum (xsd:float). [Allotrope]
A number for calling a fax system. [Allotrope]
A Skype ID is an online account on the Skype system. [Allotrope]
An honorific prefix is a facet that is part of a suffix to a person's name. [Allotrope]
An account describes authority and authorization to access resources on a system. [Allotrope]
An account that is accessible via remote access. [Allotrope]
OpenID is an identifier following the OpenID specification. [Allotrope]
The gender facet relates a human to a string representing its gender. [Allotrope]
In most cases the value will be the string 'female' or 'male' (in lowercase without surrounding quotes or spaces). Like all FOAF properties, there is in general no requirement to use gender in any particular document or description. Values other than 'male' and 'female' may be used, but are not enumerated here. The gender mechanism is not intended to capture the full variety of biological, social and sexual concepts associated with the word 'gender'. [FoaF]
A facet denoting a geographic position. [Allotrope]
A region name is a location facet that denotes a geographic region (state, province). [Allotrope]
A birthday is a facet indicating the day of birth of a person. [Allotrope]
A decision is a proposition that is a choice made from a set of alternative propositions. [Allotrope]
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only decimal scalar components. [Allotrope]
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE single precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE double precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
2019-09-20 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
2020-09-24 Changed alt labels. [Allotrope]
The pressure limit is a specification of the maximum pressure that the plumbing system can operate with. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Added alt labels method and procedure. [Allotrope]
A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. [IAO]
To lose weight, go running daily for at least 30 minutes. To isolate plasma from blood, centrifuge tubes at 1100-1300 rpm for 15 minutes. [IAO]
A start command is a process command that orders the procedural element to begin executing the normal RUNNING logic. This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the IDLE state. [Allotrope]
A setting is a specification about a configuration of some controllable system or a situation occurring in a system that triggers a reaction. [Allotrope]
A maximum pressure in a plumbing system that triggers a warning.
A temperature that is that target temperature setting of a thermostat.
The nick name is a written name of person that is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person, place, or thing - commonly used for affection. [Wikipedia]
A statistics method is a specification (method) for sampling a population, quantification of qualities of the samples and applying statistics on the quantified qualities to produce summary information on the population. [Allotrope]
A role class datum is a classification datum that classifies an entity by the role or contextual role class it plays in the context of the classification datum. [Allotrope]
A scalar datum that has a boolean value. [Allotrope]
A scalar datum that has a textual value. [Allotrope]
A scalar datum that has a timestamp (xsd:dateTime) literal value. [Allotrope]
A scalar datum that has a URI as value. [Allotrope]
The URI value is here a literal represented by xsd:anyURI datatype. It is not an RDF resource reference. [Allotrope]
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only boolean scalar components. [Allotrope]
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only string scalar components. [Allotrope]
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only timestamp scalar components. [Allotrope]
A vector URI datum is a vector datum that has only URI scalar components. [Allotrope]
A baseline point is a data point that is member of a baseline. [Allotrope]
The baseline start point is the data point of the baseline with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
The baseline end point is the data point of the baseline with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
A baseline facet is a facet that is part of a baseline. [Allotrope]
A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
A setting snapshot is a setting for a specific point in time. [Allotrope]
The setting can be a collection of subsettings.
3D UV spectrum (abs. over wavelength and time)
A plot of absorbance versus wavelength and versus time obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the ultraviolet region (190-400 nm) and as a function of time. [Allotrope]
high-performance liquid chromatography system method
A high-performance liquid chromatography system method is a device method that specifies how an HPLC system should be operated. [Allotrope]
A value specification is a specification about constraints on the values of parameters or properties. [Allotrope]
The value can be an explicit value, a range of allowed values and the specification can have also pre conditions when the value specification applies. [Allotrope]
2020-01-06 Moved to chromatography domain. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Fixed definition. [Allotrope]
Washing repetition setting is a setting that sets the number of repetitions of the washing. [Allotrope]
Washing duration setting is a setting that sets the duration of the washing. [Allotrope]
Washing vial position setting is a setting that sets the position of the washing vial. [Allotrope]
Washing solvent type is a setting that sets the type of washing solvent to use. [Allotrope]
An autosampler temperature setting is a setting that sets the temperature within the autosampler. [Allotrope]
A detector scan range setting is a detector setting that sets the wavelength range of scans as well as the increment between different scans. [Allotrope]
A scan range from 280 to 700 nm with an increment of 2 nm from one scan to the next.
A state specification is a specification about a state that will be realized in some possible future occurrence. [Allotrope]
A specification about a device running, or pausing.
A trigger specification that specifies a trigger that triggers after a certain period of time. [Allotrope]
An event specification is a specification about a point in time when a specific situation is realized or at process boundary. [Allotrope]
Maximum flow rate change setting is a control setting that sets the maximum rate at which the pump is allowed to change the % of solvents being flowed. [Allotrope]
A class coordination is a facet of a definition of a class that expresses some differentia. [Allotrope]
A label coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a class of individuals that are denoted by a common label. [Allotrope]
Channel A is a channel that has a label coordination with value 'A'.
An end event specification is an event specification that is about the end of some process. [Allotrope]
A start event specification is an event specification that is about the start of some process. [Allotrope]
A device method is a plan specification that specifies how some process is to be executed on a device. [Allotrope]
A parallel procedure specification is a procedure specification having a set of activity specifications, that are to be realized in parallel. [Allotrope]
A flow specification is a specification on how material or information is transferred or exchanged between subsequent activities. It links activity specifications using the direction contextual roles 'to role' and 'from role'. [Allotrope]
A material flow specification is a flow specification about material transfers between processes. [Allotrope]
A material produced in a preparation activity is consumed in the next step. A procedure specification of this process contains a material flow specification linking the preparation activity with the consumption activity. [Allotrope]
A data flow specification is a flow specification about how information is exchanged between processes. [Allotrope]
A definition is a proposition that succinctly characterizes an entity. [Allotrope]
A subject coordination is a class coordination of a subclass of information content entity with the subject the class is about. [Allotrope]
A role coordination is a class coordination of a class with the class of general role its instances have. [Allotrope]
A reference column is a class of columns that have an reference role. [Allotrope]
A material coordination is a class coordination of a subclass of material. [Allotrope]
2021-09-17 Fix example, alt label, definition. [Allotrope]
An ingredient coordination is a material coordination that coordinates a material class with its ingredients (components) (of the same level of granularity). [Allotrope]
Hydrochloric acid solution is a solution coordinated with its component compounds water and hydrochloric acid. [Allotrope]
A substance coordination is a material coordination that coordinates the material class with the class of its granular parts of molecular scope. [Allotrope]
Potion of water is a compound with a substance coordination to water (molecules). [Allotrope]
An index coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a class of individuals that are denoted by a common index. [Allotrope]
A bearer coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a specifically dependent continuant class of individuals with the bearer that inheres it. [Allotrope]
Column temperature is a coordination of the quality temperature with column.
A specification coordination is a subject coordination of a subclass of directive information class. [Allotrope]
Volume concentration setting is a setting that specifies the volume concentration.
A statistic coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a class with a statistic contextual role. [Allotrope]
A member coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a collection class with the class of its members. [Allotrope]
A feature coordination is a class coordination that coordinates with a quality or facet class that exists in all members of a collection. [Allotrope]
Average cell diameter is a coordination of 'cell' which is the member class of the population, the feature 'diameter' and the statistic 'arithmetic mean'.
A parameter specification specific to a chromatography system. [Allotrope]
The injection volume setting is an injection setting that specifies the volume of the fluid to be injected. [Allotrope]
A pump setting is a setting that specifies some configuration of a pump. [Allotrope]
An injection setting is a setting that specifies an injection setting configuration of an injection device. [Allotrope]
A plumbing setting is a setting that specifies a configuration of a plumbing system. [Allotrope]
A flow rate setting is a plumbing setting that specifies the flow rate through the plumbing. [Allotrope]
A quality quantification facet is a quantification facet that is a data output of some measurement and quantifies some measured quality. [Allotrope]
A temperature (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some temperature. [Allotrope]
A osmolality (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some osmolality. [Allotrope]
Electrical conductivity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the reciprocal of resistivity in a conductor. [IUPAC]
Relative intensity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the relative magnitude of a signal. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1981, 53, (Presentation of raman spectra in data collections (Recommendations 1981))
Raman intensity is the intensity of a Raman signal. [Allotrope]
Raman interferogram intensity is the intensity of the Raman interferogram signal. [Allotrope]
Raman shift is the difference in wavenumbers between the observed Raman radiation and that of the excitation source. [Allotrope]
Wavenumber (datum) is a quantity facet that is the reciprocal of the wavelength or the number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation. [Allotrope]
A Raman spectrometer setting is a setting for a Raman spectrometer or its components. [Allotrope]
excitation laser wavelength setting (Raman)
The excitation laser wavelength setting is the wavelength of the laser beam used for the Raman excitation of the sample. [Allotrope]
The excitation laser power setting is the power of the laser beam used for exciting the sample. [Allotrope]
Dark background correction enabled is a setting for a Raman detector that controls whether compensation for background signals without illumination is active. [Allotrope]
Raman spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an Raman spectrum. [Allotrope]
Raman interferogram data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an Raman interferogram. [Allotrope]
An interferogram is a data distribution function of interference between a reference wave and an experimental wave produced by an interferometer. [Allotrope]
A Raman interferogram is an interferogram produced by FT Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
Raman interferogram time is time used as abscissa of an Raman interferogram. [Allotrope]
The analysis assay result is the assay result of an analysis assay. [Allotrope]
An analysis assay result facet is a facet of an analysis assay result. [Allotrope]
The analyte name is a name of a material that has the role of an analyte in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]
A method name is a name that denotes a plan specification (method). [Allotrope]
The top identified substance is an analysis assay result facet that denotes the substance (class of materials) that has been identified by the analysis and ranked top in some measure of hit quality. [Allotrope]
The hit quality index is a measure how well the spectrum measured compares against a reference spectra of a search database. [Allotrope]
A fingerprinting result facet is a facet that is the result of a fingerprinting process. [Allotrope]
A fingerprinting parameter is a datum that is has a parameter role in some fingerprinting process. [Allotrope]
The hit quality index margin is a permitted hit quality index margin in either way (+/-) to account for noise and error. [Allotrope]
The hit quality index threshold is a specification of a minimal hit quality index value for accepting positive match of the matched spectrum against the library spectrum. [Allotrope]
The analyte hit quality index is hit quality index of the measured spectrum of the analyte against a spectrum library. [Allotrope]
A spectrum library name is a name that denotes a library of spectra used for substance identification by fingerprinting. [Allotrope]
The library search upper limit is an upper limit on the abscissa values of spectra to be searched. [Allotrope]
The library search lower limit is a lower limit on the abscissa values of spectra to be searched. [Allotrope]
The library search start wavenumber is a lower limit on the wavenumber values of spectra to be searched. [Allotrope]
The library search stop wavenumber is an upper limit on the wavenumber values of spectra to be searched. [Allotrope]
Resolution is a description of the smallest change in a quality being measured by a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]
A calibration time is a time that indicates when a calibration is done. [Allotrope]
An inclusive gateway is a transition specification that has multiple activity successors. The process forks into each succeeding activity of the inclusive gateway where the guard condition is true. [Allotrope]
An exclusive gateway is a transition specification that has multiple conditional activity successors and an optional default transition. The guard conditions on the successors are checked and at most one of them must be true at the runtime. If no guard condition is met then the optional default transition is done or the process terminates. [Allotrope]
A delay is a process property that describes a difference in time between a process boundary and some other point in time. [Allotrope]
A stop command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the stopping logic. [Allotrope]
This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused, holding, held, or restarting state. [ISA-88]
A pause command is a process command that orders the procedural element to pause at the next programmed pause transition within its sequencing logic and await a resume command before proceeding. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid in the running state. [ISA-88]
A restart command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the restarting logic to safely return to the running state. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the held state. [ISA-88]
An abort command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute an aborting logic. [Allotrope]
The command is valid in every state except for idle, completed, aborting and aborted. [ISA-88]
A hold command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the holding logic. [Allotrope]
This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused or restarting state. [ISA-88]
A reset command is a process command that causes a transition to the idle state. [Allotrope]
This command is valid from the complete, aborted, and stopped states. [ISA-88]
A resume command is a process command that orders a procedural element that has paused at a programmed transition as the result of either a pause command or a single step mode to resume execution. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the paused state. [ISA-88]
A temporal coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a class with a temporal aspect. [Allotrope]
A topological coordination is a class coordination that coordinates a class with a topological aspect. [Allotrope]
A control command is an action specification that specifies a setting to be set by a controlling process. [Allotrope]
A part specification is a specification about parthood. Targets of this specifications are parts of some whole. [Allotrope]
An ingredient specification is a part specification about ingredients in a portion of mixed materials. [Allotrope]
A member specification is a part specification about members of a collection or an object aggregate. [Allotrope]
A component specification is a part specification about the components of a system. [Allotrope]
A grain specification is a part specification about the granular parts of a whole. [Allotrope]
A facet specification is a part specifications about some facet of an information content entity. [Allotrope]
A condition that is fulfilled if a given value falls into a given range of values. [Allotrope]
2020-12-04 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
A condition that is fulfilled if a given boolean value is equal to the specified boolean value. [Allotrope]
autosampler injection trigger enable setting
Autosampler injection trigger enable setting is a setting that activates or deactivates triggering of injection based on a specified temperature range. [Allotrope]
Cooler (with range) can be enabled in order to trigger injection once autosampler temperature has reached a certain value. Enabling the setting also involves activation of the cooler.
autosampler injection trigger temperature setting
Autosampler injection trigger temperature setting is a setting that specifies the temperature range for triggering injection. [Allotrope]
Range of values of allowed deviation for a given value. [Allotrope]
Tolerance range of +/- 1 °C of a temperature value.
A detection duration setting is a setting specifies the total duration of a detection process. [Allotrope]
2020-03-10 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A pump system method is a device method that specifies how pumping should be executed in a pump system. [Allotrope]
A diode array detector method is a device method specifies how a detection is executed on a diode array detector. [Allotrope]
2020-01-06 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
2020-03-04 Subclassed under device method. [Allotrope]
An autosampler method is a device method that specifies how a sampling process should be executed on an autosampler. [Allotrope]
A plan specification that specifies an LC-UV system process. [Allotrope]
Mobile phase delivery duration setting is a chromatography system setting that sets the total duration of mobile phase delivery. [Allotrope]
Autosampler duration setting is a setting that sets the total duration of an autosampler process. [Allotrope]
A condition that is fulfilled if a specified situation occurs. [Allotrope]
A volume setting is a setting that specifies some volume configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the volume of some material at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A concentration ratio setting is a setting that specifies some concentration ratio configuration of a fluid controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the concentration ratio of a mixture at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A flow rate setting is a setting that specifies some flow rate configuration of a fluid controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the flow rate at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A mass concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a concentration defined as the mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
A formula is a notation of a term, fact, rule or function expressed in terms of mathematical symbols. [Allotrope]
A diagnostic trace is a data distribution function that records the output of some diagnostic monitoring process over time. [Allotrope]
Polarity is a quality quantification facet that describes the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope]
A polarity code is a code that indicates a polarity. [Allotrope]
The integration time is the time when the integration of signals is done in a measurement system. [Allotrope]
The number of averages is the number of individual values taken for calculating a mean value. [Allotrope]
The number of measurement averages is the number of averages of sub measurement results taken to produce an average measurement result. [Allotrope]
Apodization (Raman) is the name of a filter method used in the data apodization of FT Raman spectra. [Allotrope]
A Raman spectroscopy parameter is a parameter that controls a Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
The factor of the size increase by time domain zero padding the Fourier transformation of a Raman spectrum. [Allotrope]
Phase correction (Raman) is the name of a method for phase correction used to adjust FT Raman spectra. [Allotrope]
A repetition setting is a control setting that specifies the number of times an action is to be repeated. [Allotrope]
Frit size is a column specification that indicates the nominal size of pores in a frit designed to exclude particles larger than the specified size. [Allotrope]
A brand name is a marketed name given by a maker of a product to a product or class of products, especially a trademark. [Allotrope]
2021-08-30 Subclassed under classification datum [Allotrope]
The part number is a model number of a class of device parts, specified by the device manufacturer. [Allotrope]
A person facet is a facet that describes of a person's name or parts of it. [Allotrope]
A flag is a setting that allows switching a configuration on or off. [Allotrope]
baseline at start of integration setting (chromatography)
baseline at start of integration setting
Baseline at start of integration setting is a data processing setting that sets the ordinate value at the start of the integration baseline to the the value of the signal at the time indicated. [Allotrope]
Peak end setting is a data processing setting that sets the peak end to the value of the abscissa at the time indicated. [Allotrope]
baseline boundary setting (chromatography)
Baseline boundary setting is a data processing setting that sets the ordinate values at the boundaries of the baseline of integration to the actual signal values at the peak start and peak end. [Allotrope]
integration with peak detection enabled setting (chromatography)
integration with peak detection enabled setting
2020-12-04 Fixed flag parent. [Allotrope]
Integration with peak detection enabled setting is a data processing setting that allows the integration process to detect peaks for the time period specified. [Allotrope]
negative peak detection enabled setting (chromatography)
Negative peak detection enabled is a data processing setting that allows peaks to be detected below the baseline for the time specified. [Allotrope]
area threshold for peak integration setting (chromatography)
area threshold for peak integration setting
Area threshold for peak integration setting is a data processing setting that sets a minimum or maximum area for a peak to be included in the integrated peak list. [Allotrope]
height threshold for peak integration setting (chromatography)
height threshold for peak integration setting
Height threshold for peak integration setting is a data processing setting that sets a minimum or maximum height for a peak to be included in the integrated peak list. [Allotrope]
expected average peak width setting (chromatography)
Expected average peak width setting is a data processing setting that indicates a typical peak width for the time period specified. [Allotrope]
shoulder detection enabled setting (chromatography)
Shoulder detection enabled setting is a data processing setting that allows the integration process to interpolate a baseline for the smaller peak of overlapping peaks for the time period specified. [Allotrope]
A step interpolation algorithm is an interpolation algorithm where two subsequent points are interpolated by a step function that switches from the first ordinate value to the second ordinate value at the center of the abscissa values. [Allotrope]
A data processing setting is a setting that controls how a data processing process is executed by some system. [Allotrope]
A version number that identifies software. [Allotrope]
A frequency is a rate that quantifies the number of occurrences of some discrete event in a given amount of time. [Allotrope]
A material identifier is a identifier that identifies a material. [Allotrope]
A voltage range is a quality quantification facet that describes operational range of a voltage measuring device. [Allotrope]
A duration setting is a setting that specifies the duration of a planned process or the duration after which a situation should trigger. [Allotrope]
A process quantification facet is a quantification facet that is the output of some measurement over a process or temporal region. [Allotrope]
Length is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the distance between two points in space. [Allotrope]
A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of some type of correlation, meaning a statistical relationship between two variables. [Wikipedia]
A calibration report is a description of the outcome of calibration and subsequent assessments and adjustments. [Allotrope]
The calibration assessment is an assessment about the calibrated instrument whether it is within the specification of the calibration method. [Allotrope]
A calibration certificate is a certificate that states that a specific item has been calibrated by some organization. [Allotrope]
The due date is a time that specifies when the next calibration run is due. [Allotrope]
The calibration interval is the duration between two consecutive calibrations. [Allotrope]
The calibration frequency is the frequency of how often calibrations are done in a time interval. [Allotrope]
A calibration assessment code is a code indicating a calibration assessment about the performance of an instrument. [Allotrope]
An assessment is a proposition about the judgment on a situation after considering the information known about it. [Allotrope]
A calibration result is a relation between a nominal reference quantity or quantity distribution over time or a sample population and the measure of that quantity or distribution as it is found in the calibration of the instrument. [Allotrope]
A volume datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some amount of 3-dimensional space an entity occupies. [Allotrope]
2020-12-10 Changed restriction. [Allotrope]
A mass datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some amount of matter. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1996, 68, 957. (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996)) on page 998
A volume fraction datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the volume of a constituent of a mixture divided by the sum of volumes of all constituents prior to mixing. [IUPAC]
A measurement function is a mathematical function of quantities yielding for one or more input quantity value a corresponding unique output quantity value. [Allotrope]
The calibration level is number of calibration points used to fit a function to a calibration curve. [Allotrope]
A statistical facet is a mathematical facet that is part of some statistics. [Allotrope]
multiple reaction monitoring transition report
A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transition report is a report that is summarizing the analysis of a MRM experiment. [Allotrope]
Current is a quality quantification datum that quantifies the ability to conduct an electrical charge. [PATO]
2020-05-11 Changed definition and moved under molecular entity facet. [Allotrope]
An ion facet is a molecular facet that is about some ion. [Allotrope]
Charge state is a facet that is about the electrical charge of an ion. It is single or multiple and positive or negatively charged. [Allotrope]
An ion transition is a description of the transition from precursor ion to product ions. [Allotrope]
A set of two m/z values corresponding to the precursor m/z and a fragment m/z that in combination can be used to identify or quantify a specific ion, although not necessarily uniquely. [PSI/MS]
A ion transition list is a collection of ion transitions. [Allotrope]
Mass resolution is a resolution in a mass spectrum, the observed m/z value divided by the smallest difference Δ(m/z) for two ions that can be separated: (m/z)/Δ(m/z). [IUPAC]
A mass spectrometry system setting is a setting that specifies the operation of a mass spectrometry system. [Allotrope]
The dwell time is a mass spectrometry system setting that specifies the time spent gathering data across a peak. [Allotrope]
A quantification facet that quantifies the quantity formed by dividing the mass of an ion in unified atomic mass units by its charge number (regardless of sign). [IUPAC]
Mass-to-charge ratio is deprecated. Mass-to-charge ratio has been used occasionally for the horizontal axis in a plot of a mass spectrum, although the quantity measured is not the ion's mass divided by its electric charge (SI units kg C-1). [IUPAC]
m/z is recommended as an abbreviation to represent the dimensionless quantity that is used almost universally as the independent variable in a mass spectrum. [IUPAC]
A qualification is a proposition that an entity meets the requirements of a specific right or objective. [Allotrope]
A requirement is a proposition that states a set of conditions that have to be fulfilled to achieve some specific objective. [Allotrope]
The goal can be stated in a prescriptive (laws) or directive (plans) way. [Allotrope]
A qualifier transition ratio is a ratio of the magnitudes of the qualifier transition signal to the quantifier transition signal. [Allotrope]
A measured qualifier transition ratio is a qualifier transition ratio that has the contextual role of a measure. [Allotrope]
An expected qualifier transition ratio is a qualifier transition ratio that has the contextual role of an expected datum. [Allotrope]
A minimum qualifier transition ratio is a qualifier transition ratio that species a minimum allowed qualified transition ratio. [Allotrope]
A maximum qualifier transition ratio is a qualifier transition ratio that species a maximum allowed qualified transition ratio. [Allotrope]
A transition qualification is a qualification that a measured transition ratio that is consistent with the expected transition ratio. [Allotrope]
Collision energy is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the energy for an ion experiencing collision with a stationary gas particle resulting in dissociation of the ion. [PSI/MS]
2020-12-17 Added scope to prefLabel in order to separate from existing duplicate label. [Allotrope]
Energy amount is a quantification of the energy quality of a material or the amount of energy. [Allotrope]
Energy is a material entity in BFO, so the energy quantification is about is amount quality. Material (matter) can bear energy, in this case it is the quantification of the energy quality.
Flow rate is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the motion of material through a surface per time. [Allotrope]
An UNC path is a file path for a file location in a network that is specified by the universal naming convention. [Allotrope]
The universal naming convention is a specification for the syntax of an identifier for a location of a network resource, such as a shared file, directory or printer in Microsoft Windows. [Allotrope]
Voltage is a quality quantification facet which quantifies the difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. [Wikipedia]
Power is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the rate of doing work. [PATO]
Pressure is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the mount of force exerted per unit area. [PATO]
An upper temperature limit is a temperature alert setting that specifies the maximum temperature the system can operate with. [Allotrope]
A lower temperature limit is a temperature alert setting that specifies the minimum temperature the system can operate with. [Allotrope]
An instrument setting indicating at what temperature the control system should engage a cryogenic coolant for cooling. [Allotrope]
The flow ratio setting is a control setting that specifies the ratio of the flow going though the plumbing part (port of a divert valve, solvent channel) as part of a total flow. [Allotrope]
Flow rate is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the ratio of the flow going though the plumbing part (port of a divert valve, solvent channel) as part of a total flow. [Allotrope]
Signal-to-noise ratio (USP621) is a signal-to-noise ratio (peak-to-peak) where the noise is calculated over a period that is a minimum of 5 times the peak width. [Allotrope]
Signal-to-noise ratio (EP2.2.46) is a signal-to-noise ratio (peak-to-peak) where the noise is calculated over a period that is a minimum of 20 times the peak width. [Allotrope]
A file name is a name that denotes a file in a file system. It is a local identifier in the scope of the folder the file is located. [Allotrope]
A file path is an identifier for a file in a file system or network. [Allotrope]
Portable Operating System Interface path
A POSIX path is a file path for a file location that is specified by the POSIX standard. [Allotrope]
POSIX is a family of standards specified by the IEEE Computer Society for maintaining compatibility between operating systems. [Wikipedia]
A drying temperature setting is a temperature setting that specifies the intended temperature of a drying process. [Allotrope]
The sample weight before drying is a mass facet that quantifies the mass of a sample before the sample is dried. [Allotrope]
A dry sample weight is a mass facet about the final weight of a sample after some drying process is complete. [Allotrope]
A relative weight loss on drying is a mass fraction that quantifies the relative value of moisture content lost from a material after a drying process. [Allotrope]
An extrapolated moisture content is a prediction about the moisture content percentage of a material entity based on results of a partial drying process. [Allotrope]
A calibration facet is a facet that is information about a calibration. [Allotrope]
A calibration facet that is about a parameter for calibration. [Allotrope]
A calibration algorithm is an algorithm about calibration that specifies the way a calibration curve is generated. [Allotrope]
Order zero parameter is a calibration curve parameter that specifies the zeroth order algorithmic parameter for defining calibration regression. [Allotrope]
Order one parameter is a calibration curve parameter that specifies the first order algorithmic parameter for defining calibration regression. [Allotrope]
Order two parameter is a calibration curve parameter that specifies the second order algorithmic parameter for defining calibration regression. [Allotrope]
Order three parameter is a calibration curve parameter that specifies the third order algorithmic parameter for defining calibration regression. [Allotrope]
Pause time is a mass spectrometry system setting that specifies the time in between different ms event's measurement time to allow the instrument to equilibrate. [Allotrope]
Pause time applies to MRM or SIM events and does not apply to polarity switching time. [Allotrope]
The retention time window lower offset is the extent of the retention time window in time units below the target retention time. [PSI/MS]
The lower and upper offsets may be asymmetric about the target time. [PSI/MS]
The retention time window upper offset is the extent of the retention time window in time units above the target retention time. [PSI/MS]
The retention time window width it the full width of a retention time window for a chromatographic peak. [PSI/MS]
A three-dimensional mass spectrum is a data distribution function of counts versus m/z and versus time obtained by counting the ions produced by a sample as a function of their mass-to-charge ratio and as a function of time. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Changed definition and moved to AFO. [Allotrope]
A molecular entity facet is a facet that is about some molecular entity such as atoms, ions or molecules. [Allotrope]
A molecular formula is a molecular entity facet which identifies each constituent element by its chemical symbol and indicates the number of atoms of each element found in each discrete molecular entity of that compound. [CHEMINF]
A spectral library search result is a report that lists the hits on search in a spectral library database. [Allotrope]
A spectral library search hit is a result of a library search where a record matches some search criteria. [Allotrope]
A detector setting that sets the frequency of scans per time unit. [Allotrope]
A setting that controls the duration of time after which an ion source switches polarity of ionization. [Allotrope]
A setting that controls the duration of time after which polarity of a scan switches. [Allotrope]
A m/z is a setting that controls the mass per charge ratio of a scan. [Allotrope]
pre-peak background time measurement datum
pre-peak background time measurement range
Pre-peak background time measurement datum is a time datum that describes the period of time for background correction before a peak is detected. [Allotrope]
post-peak background time measurement datum
post-peak background time measurement range
Post-peak background time measurement datum is a time datum that describes the period of time for background correction after a peak is detected. [Allotrope]
A signature is facet that is a proof of identity and intent of a signer towards some information. [Allotrope]
2018-07-24 Replaces af-e:AFE_0001830 [Allotrope]
A signal is information transported over an communication channel. [Allotrope]
2020-01-06 Changed IRI, conflicts with repetition setting. [Allotrope]
Polarity setting is a control setting that specifies a polarity configuration of a specific detector or sensor response to be positive or negative to a reference state. [Allotrope]
A default condition is a condition that is member of a set of conditions that is always true if all others conditions in the collections are false. [Allotrope]
A default value in a conditional parameter specification. [Allotrope]
There must be no more than one default condition in any collection of conditions.
Electric conductance is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the reciprocal of a the resistance in a conductor. [IUPAC]
Electric resistivity is the is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the electric field strength divided by the current density when there is no electromotive force in a conductor. [IUPAC]
Electric resistance is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the electric potential difference divided by the electric current when there is no electromotive force in a conductor. [IUPAC]
An repeated action specification is an action specification that specifies a repeated activity. [Allotrope]
A location specification is a specification that specifies the location of something. [Allotrope]
A location can be a site, a spatial region or a container, anything that is the object of 'ro:located in'. [Allotrope]
laboratory information management software
A laboratory information management software is a software that is used for data management in laboratories. [Allotrope]
An asset management identifier is an identifier that is registered within an asset / inventory management system that identifies an equipment. [Allotrope]
An experiment data identifier is an identifier that identifies some experiment data. [Allotrope]
a filename of a file containing the experiment data
Experimental data identifier is different from experiment identifier. The first identifies the data about the experiment, the later the experiment itself. There can be many experimental data about the same experiment. [Allotrope]
An analytical method identifier is an identifier that identifies the analytical method used in a measurement. [Allotrope]
An assay identifier is an identifier that identifies some assay (analysis). [Allotrope]
An assay comment is a comment about some aspect of an assay. [Allotrope]
Sample weight is a quantification facet that quantifies the mass of a sample in an analysis. [Allotrope]
Peak onset temperature is a thermal analysis peak facet that quantifies some temperature at the start of a thermal analysis peak. [Allotrope]
A peak temperature is a thermal analysis peak facet that quantifies some temperature indicating the position of the thermal analysis peak. [Allotrope]
Weight loss is a mass facet that quantifies the difference in weight of a material before and after heating or drying. [Allotrope]
A balance identifier is a measurement device identifier that identifies some balance. [Allotrope]
Container type is a classification datum that classifies the type of container used. [Allotrope]
A glass transition temperature (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature at which a glass transition occurs. The glass transition, is the gradual and reversible transition in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions within semicrystalline materials) from a hard and relatively brittle "glassy" state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased. [Wikipedia]
A heat capacity (dsc) is a quantity facet that quantifies the difference in heat capacity of a material before and after its glass transition. [Allotrope]
Transition enthalpy is a quantity facet that quantifies some calorimetric enthalpy change from the area of the differential scanning calorimetry peak. [Allotrope]
A conformance assessment is an assessment about whether two sources of data conform. [Allotrope]
A reference identifier is an identifier that identifies some reference data that is being used as a comparator. [Allotrope]
Container state description is a state facet that describes the state of the container used in the measurement run. [Allotrope]
A container state can be opened or closed. [Allotrope]
The container's material is not a container state. [Allotrope]
A transition assignment is a description of the cause of a thermal event occurring in a thermal analysis. [Allotrope]
A cell path length is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the length of the radiation path through the absorbing medium in a single-pass cell. [Allotrope]
A chromatography data system method is a plan specification that specifies how a process is to be executed on a chromatography data system. [Allotrope]
A measurement device identifier is an identifier that identifies some device designed for measurements. [Allotrope]
A measurement method identifier is a method identifier that identifies some plan specification of a measurement. [Allotrope]
A molar concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a concentration defined as the amount of substance of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
A reference is an information content entity that is referred to in another information content entity for the purpose of comparison. [Allotrope]
reference data used to compare to with experimental data
An experiment identifier is an identifier that identifies an experiment. [Allotrope]
Experiment data is a description of an experiment containing parameters and results of the experiment and metadata about the experiment. [Allotrope]
An experiment result is description, that is the data output of an experiment regarding its hypothesis. [Allotrope]
A thermal analysis peak is a peak that results from a thermal analysis. [Allotrope]
A thermal analysis peak facet is a facet of a thermal analysis peak. [Allotrope]
2020-05-11 Generalized definition to match semantics. [Allotrope]
A device method identifier is an identifier that identifies the device method used in a process. [Allotrope]
A comment is a remark often related to an added piece of information, or an observation or statement. [SIO]
2020-06-15 Removed measurement metadata superclass. [Allotrope]
A device identifier is an identifier that identifies some device. [Allotrope]
An assay data identifier is an identifier that identifies some assay data. Assay data is a description of an assay containing parameters and results of the assay and metadata about the assay. [Allotrope]
Assay data is a description of an assay containing parameters and results of the assay and metadata about the assay. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167. (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990)) on page 2187
PAC, 1996, 68, 957. (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996)) on page 972
Enthalpy (datum) is a quantification datum that quantifies the internal energy of a system plus the product of pressure and volume. Its change in a system is equal to the heat brought to the system at constant pressure. [IUPAC]
Heat capacity is a quantification facet that quantifies the amount of heat to be supplied to a given mass of a material to produce a unit change in its temperature. [Wikipedia]
A state facet is a facet that is about some state at a certain time. A state is a process during which some characteristic remains constant. [Allotrope]
opening state with states opened or closed
States that are not likely to change such as qualities are not described by state facets. Being of a certain mass is a state, but a facet that describes this would usually be usually considered a quantification facet instead of a state facet. [Allotrope]
A column brand name is a brand name of a chromatography column that can be based on the brand name of the substrate and its chemistry modification. [Allotrope]
chromatography column chemistry classification
chromatography column chemistry classification (datum)
chromatography column chemistry type (datum)
A chromatography column chemistry type is a classification datum that classifies a chromatography column by the stationary phase and/or chromatographic packing used. [Allotrope]
Particle size (datum) is a size datum that quantifies the dimensions of an individual particle. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column length (datum) is a length datum that quantifies the length of a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
A column inner diameter (datum) is an inner diameter quantifies the inner diameter of a column. [Allotrope]
A content specification is a part specification that specifies a contained portion of material of a container. [Allotrope]
A temporal index is an index that follows temporal order of the list items or the processes that the items are about. [Allotrope]
A method identifier is an identifier that identifies some plan specification (method, procedure) about some planned process. [Allotrope]
A measurement method is a plan specification that specifies a measurement. [Allotrope]
A concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. [Allotrope]
The expiry time prescription is a prescription about a material or information content entity that prescribes until what time it is allowed to be used for the stated purpose. [Allotrope]
Electronic record is a document (any combination of text, graphics, data, audio, pictorial, or other information representation) in digital form that is created, modified, maintained, archived, retrieved, or distributed by a computer system. [FDA]
A database record is an electronic record that is stored in a database. [Allotrope]
A database is an organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. Where databases are more complex they are often developed using formal design and modeling techniques. [Wikipedia]
A database primary key is an identifier of a database record. [Allotrope]
A device acquisition method is a machine readable plan specification that specifies how the acquisition software of an instrument is to execute the instrument's portion of an analysis. [Allotrope]
The equivalence point volume is the volume added in a titration which contains a chemically equivalent quantity of titrant to the analyte in the sample. [Allotrope]
Dead cell count is a cell counter result data that states the number of dead cells that were counted in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Elapsed time is a duration measured from a specific reference time point or timebase. [Allotrope]
A flow rate profile is a profile that quantifies the flow rate of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A volume profile is a profile that quantifies the volume of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A reaction temperature profile is a profile that quantifies the temperature of the reaction solution over time in a synthesis. [Allotrope]
A jacket temperature profile is a profile that quantifies the temperature profile of the reactor jacket over time. [Allotrope]
An overhead stirring rate profile is a profile that quantifies the stirring rate of the stirring process using an overhead stirrer. [Allotrope]
A temperature profile is a profile that quantifies the temperature of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
An infrared interferogram data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an infrared interferogram. [Allotrope]
An infrared spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an infrared spectrum. [Allotrope]
A data cube identifier is an identifier for a data cube. A data cube is a multi-dimensional dataset conforming to the W3C DataCube specification (https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-data-cube/). [Allotrope]
An overhead stirring rate profile is a profile that quantifies the stirring rate of the stirring process. [Allotrope]
A stir bar stirring rate profile is a profile that quantifies the rate of the stirring process using a magnetic stirrer. [Allotrope]
A titer is a calibrated result assigned as the molarity of the titrant solution in a titration. [Allotrope]
Replaced deprecated AFR_0002069 with AFR_0001828
A calibration certificate identifier is an identifier that identifies the calibration certificate for the piece of equipment used in a measurement. [Allotrope]
A gross weight is a facet that quantifies the total mass of the objects on the platform of the weighing instrument i.e. the sample plus any container or packaging. [Allotrope]
A tare weight is a facet that quantifies the mass of a container or packing material to be deducted from a gross weight measurement to compute the sample weight measurement. [Allotrope]
A FTIR document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic run. [Allotrope]
A Raman document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a Raman spectroscopic run. [Allotrope]
A heat transfer coefficient is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the proportionality constant between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat. [Wikipedia]
heat transfer coefficient profile result
A heat transfer coefficient profile is a profile that quantifies over time the proportionality constant between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat. [Wikipedia]
A angular velocity datum is quality quantification facet that quantifies how fast an object rotates or revolves relative to another point. [Wikipedia]
An angular velocity profile is a profile that quantifies over time how fast an object rotates or revolves relative to another point. [Wikipedia]
An area (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the two-dimensional extend of an object. [Allotrope]
An area profile is a profile that quantifies over time the area of an object. [Allotrope]
A specific heat capacity (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of a pure substance by one degree K. [Wikipedia]
A heating or cooling rate profile is a profile that quantifies the heating/cooling rate of an object over time. [Allotrope]
A sample aggregate document is a document that is about an ordered collection of samples. [Allotrope]
A sample document is a document about a particular sample. [Allotrope]
glutamate analysis document (cell-culture)
A glutamate analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with glutamate. [Allotrope]
glutamine analysis document (cell-culture)
A glutamine analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with glutamine. [Allotrope]
glucose analysis document (cell-culture)
A glucose analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with glucose. [Allotrope]
lactate analysis document (cell-culture)
A lactate analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with lactate. [Allotrope]
ammonium analysis document (cell-culture)
An ammonium analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with ammonium. [Allotrope]
A sodium analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with sodium. [Allotrope]
potassium analysis document (cell-culture)
A potassium analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with potassium. [Allotrope]
phosphate analysis document (cell-culture)
A phosphate analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with phosphate. [Allotrope]
calcium analysis document (cell-culture)
A calcium analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with calcium. [Allotrope]
lactase dehydrogenate analysis document (cell-culture)
A lactase dehydrogenate analysis document (cell-culture) is a document that encompasses the information associated with lactase dehydrogenate. [Allotrope]
Data processing time is the time when a data processing starts. [Allotrope]
A titration solvent type is a classification datum that classifies the solvent used in a titration to dissolve the sample. [Allotrope]
A titrant solution type is a classification datum that classifies the titration solution used in the titration. [Allotrope]
The mass fraction (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the fraction pertaining the mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
Stirring rate is an angular velocity of the rotating, agitating component in stirrer. [Allotrope]
An infrared interferogram is an interferogram produced by FT infrared spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
A Raman spectroscopy result is the result of a Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
An infrared spectroscopy result is the result of an infrared absorption or transmission spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
Diameter is a length which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. [PATO]
Inner diameter is the diameter quantified at the inside. [Allotrope]
Size is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the spatial extend of an entity. [Allotrope]
A volume concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a concentration defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
"Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996)", Lehmann, H.P.;Fuentes-arderiu, X.;Bertello, L.F., Pure and Applied Chemistry 1996, 68(4), 957
Electric charge is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the integral of electric current over time. [Allotrope]
A degassed sample weight is the sample weight of a sample after it has gone through a degassing process. [Allotrope]
A reference material document is a document that encompasses the information associated with the reference material in an analysis. [Allotrope]
A reference material is an identifier that identifies some material with the role of reference material. [Allotrope]
A reference material weight is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the mass of a material with the role of reference material in the analysis. [Allotrope]
A BET point document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a single BET measurement point. [Allotrope]
A relative pressure is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the pressure of a pure substance in a chamber relative to its saturation pressure. [Allotrope]
An adsorbed volume is a quality quantification facet that denotes the quantity of absorbant calculated to be adsorbed at STP. [Allotrope]
A saturation pressure (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the saturation vapor pressure of a substance. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1972, 31, 577. (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry)
When the area of the interface between two phases is proportional to the mass of one of the phases (e.g. for a solid adsorbent, for an emulsion or for an aerosol), the specific surface area (a, s or preferably as) is defined as the surface area divided by the mass of the relevant phase. [IUPAC]
A y-intercept is the point where the graph of a function or relation intersects the y-axis of a coordinate system. [Wikipedia]
A BET C constant is a calculated constant from a BET analysis equal to Exp(E1−EL) where E1 is heat of adsorption for the first layer and EL is the heat of vaporization for layers beyond the first layer. [Allotrope]
A monolayer quantity is a volume of a monolayer based on the cross-sectional area of the adsorbent gas. [Allotrope]
2021-05-17 Moved under measurement time and end time. [Allotrope]
A measurement end time is the date/time of the end of the measurement process. [Allotrope]
An evacuation rate setting is a control setting that controls the evacuation rate. [Allotrope]
An evacuation time setting is a control setting that controls the time when a chamber is to be evacuated. [Allotrope]
measurement chamber free space volume (datum)
A measurement chamber free space result is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the volume of a sample chamber not occupied by the sample. [Allotrope]
An equilibration time is an elapsed time required to reach an equilibrium state after a perturbation. [Allotrope]
A loose density document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a loose density result. [Allotrope]
A loose density result is an analysis assay result that quantifies the volumetric density of a sample as-is without packing the sample to minimize interstitial volume. [Allotrope]
intermediate tapped density aggregate document
An intermediate tapped density aggregate document is a document is a document that is about an ordered collection of intermediate tapped density documents. [Allotrope]
A cumulative count (datum) is a count that has non-negative integer values that is about the cumulative number of discrete things. [Allotrope]
A birefringence (datum) is a quality quantification facet indicating if the observed material exhibits birefringence. [Allotrope]
A particle shape characterization is a classification datum that classifies the shape of particles. [Allotrope]
An association state is a classification datum that classifies associations of primary particles (the smallest discrete unit). [Allotrope]
A nucleus scan type is a classification datum classifying the nucleus/nuclei used in the magnetic resonance method. [Allotrope]
A dilution volume is a volume of diluent used in a dilution. [Allotrope]
An inter scan relaxation delay setting is a setting that specifies the inter scan relaxation delay. [Allotrope]
A qNMR purity result is an analysis assay result facet quantifying the purity of a substance by quantitative NMR. [Allotrope]
A calculation description is a description that describes how a calculation was done. [Allotrope]
An inter scan relaxation delay is a time period which ensures that entire signal from spins is detectable. [Allotrope]
A hygroscopicity type is a classification datum that classifies the hygroscopicity of a material due to moisture sorption at 25°C and 80% relative humidity. [Allotrope]
A hysteresis assessment is an assessment about the hysteresis observed in a cyclic experiment. [Allotrope]
A vapor sorption data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a vapor sorption experimental result. [Allotrope]
A target P/P0 setting is a setting to set the relative pressure of a vapor. [Allotrope]
An actual P/P0 result is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the relative pressure of the sample. [Allotrope]
A sample temperature setting is a temperature control setting to set the target temperature of the sample. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Moved under temperature datum. [Allotrope]
A sample temperature result is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the temperature of the sample. [Allotrope]
A mass change is a mass facet that quantifies the change in initial mass. [Allotrope]
A mass change rate is a rate that quantifies the change in initial mass per unit time. [Allotrope]
A total gas flow rate is a flow rate that quantifies the motion of the sum of the dry and saturated gas over time. [Allotrope]
A saturated gas flow rate setting is a setting that specifies the target saturated gas flow rate. [Allotrope]
A saturated gas flow rate is a flow rate that quantifies the motion of the saturated gas over time. [Allotrope]
A dry gas flow rate setting is a setting that specifies the target dry gas flow rate. [Allotrope]
A dry gas flow rate is a flow rate that quantifies the motion of the dry gas over time. [Allotrope]
An ambient temperature is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere. [Allotrope]
An inlet gas pressure is a quality qualification facet that quantifies the pressure of the inlet gas. [Allotrope]
An exhaust gas flow rate is a flow rate that quantifies the flow rate of the exhaust gas. [Allotrope]
2022-06-24 Moved from dynamic-vapor-sorption.tll to afo.ttl [Allotrope]
A solvent reservoir temperature is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature of the solvent reservoir. [Allotrope]
A tapped density document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a tapped density result. [Allotrope]
A tapped density result is an analysis assay result that quantifies the volumetric density of a sample after packing to minimize interstitial volume. [Allotrope]
The enthalpy of fusion datum is quantification of the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to a solid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a liquid. [Wikipedia]
The specific enthalpy of fusion datum is the enthalpy of fusion referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
The specific enthalpy of fusion datum is the enthalpy of fusion referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
The enthalpy of vaporization datum is quantification of the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to a liquid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. [Wikipedia]
specific enthalpy of vaporization (datum)
The specific enthalpy of vaporization datum is the enthalpy of vaporization referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
The molar enthalpy of vaporization datum is the enthalpy of vaporization referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
The enthalpy of sublimation datum is quantification of the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to a solid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. [Wikipedia]
specific enthalpy of sublimation (datum)
The specific enthalpy of sublimation datum is the enthalpy of sublimation referenced to a unit mass of substance. [Allotrope]
The molar enthalpy of sublimation datum is the enthalpy of sublimation referenced to a unit amount of substance. [Allotrope]
A data processing method is a plan specification that specifies how data processing process is to be executed. [Allotrope]
Heat flow is a quantification of the heat transferred per time. [Allotrope]
A solvent identifier is an identifier denoting the solvent used in the experiment. [Allotrope]
A standard nominal value is a nominal value for a measurement assigned to a standard material. [Allotrope]
A standard measured value is an assay result that is a measure of the standard material. [Allotrope]
A calibration result deviation is a calibration result representing the deviation between the nominal and measured values for the standard as a percentage. [Allotrope]
A turbidity (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the turbidity of a solution. [Allotrope]
A background corrected turbidity (datum) is a turbidity (datum) that quantifies the turbidity in a solution corrected for background of the solvent. [Allotrope]
Instrument suspension media is a description describing the suspension media used in the instrument during the experiment. [Allotrope]
Sample suspension media is a description that describes the suspension media used in preparation of the sample. [Allotrope]
A sonication duration setting is a duration setting that specifies the duration of a sonication process before analysis. [Allotrope]
A sonication power setting is a setting that specifies the power of a sonication process. [Allotrope]
A fluid refractive index setting is a setting that specifies the refractive index of the fluid used in calculating the particle size. [Allotrope]
A particle refractive index setting is a setting that specifies the refractive index of a particle used in calculating the particle size. [Allotrope]
A particle shape setting is a setting that specifies the particle shape used in calculating the particle size. [Allotrope]
The average particle size is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the arithmetic mean of particle size of a population of particles. [Allotrope]
The standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. [Wikipedia]
2024-09-19 Added OWL definitions to relate to distribution.
A distribution document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a distribution. [Allotrope]
A cumulative distribution percentage is a statistical facet that describes the percentage of population members meeting a given condition. [Allotrope]
A bin upper limit is a statistical facet that quantifies the upper limit that population members meet within a distribution. [Allotrope]
A distribution modality is a classification datum that indicates the number of peaks contained in the classified distribution. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Changed labels and generalized definition. [Allotrope]
The count fraction (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the fraction pertaining the number of object of a constituent divided by the total number of objects of all constituents in the object aggregate. [Allotrope]
Definition is generalized to cover any count fraction, but usually it applies to particles in a mixture. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Changed labels and definition. [Allotrope]
2020-12-01 Moved under pressure (datum). [Allotrope]
A partial pressure (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the notional pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases, if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. [Allotrope]
A sample preparation description is a description of the sample preparation process. [Allotrope]
A standard facet is a facet that part of some standard or is about some standard material. [Allotrope]
A deviation is a quantification facet that quantifies the absolute or relative difference of an observed value from another value. [Allotrope]
A distribution type is a classification datum for distributions where the ordinate is expressed based on selected category. [Allotrope]
Refraction index is a quality quantification facet, that quantifies how fast light travels through a material. It is defined as n = c/v, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and v is the phase velocity of light in the medium. [Wikipedia]
The arithmetic mean is a descriptive statistic that is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection. [Wikipedia]
The median is a descriptive statistic that denotes the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. [Wikipedia]
The variance is a descriptive statistic that denotes the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. [Wikipedia]
Skewness is a descriptive statistic that is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or undefined. [Wikipedia]
The plumbing minimum pressure is a specification of the minimum pressure that the plumbing system can operate with. [Allotrope]
An image document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an image. [Allotrope]
A magnification setting is a setting that specifies the multiplicative optical apparent size manipulation being applied by an imaging device. [Allotrope]
A polarized light enabled setting is a setting that specifies whether polarized light is used in an image capture process. [Allotrope]
A standard document is a document about a particular standard. [Allotrope]
An experiment type is a classification datum that classifies the type of experiment performed. [Allotrope]
A plate well count is a count that quantifies the number of plate well positions present on a well plate. [Allotrope]
A well volume is a volume (datum) that quantifies how much volume of material that can be put into each well in a well plate. [Allotrope]
A PCR detection chemistry is a classification datum that classifies a PCR detection based on the fluorescent agent used and the specificity of detection. [Allotrope]
A passive reference dye setting is a setting that classifies the passive reference dye used in the PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
automatic cycle threshold enabled setting
An automatic cycle threshold enabled setting is a control setting that sets whether the cycle threshold determination is automated or manual. [Allotrope]
A cycle threshold value setting is a setting that sets the threshold value used for automatic qPCR cycle threshold determination. [Allotrope]
automatic baseline determination enabled setting
automatic baseline determination enabled
An automatic baseline determination enabled setting is an automation flag that controls whether baseline determination is automated or manual. [Allotrope]
baseline determination start cycle setting
A baseline determination start cycle setting is a PCR setting that specifies the start cycle for baseline determination. [Allotrope]
baseline determination end cycle setting
A baseline determination end cycle setting is a PCR setting that specifies the end cycle for baseline determination. [Allotrope]
2021-06-23 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A well location identifier is a local identifier that identifies the location of a well on the container in the scope of the container. [Allotrope]
A target DNA description is a description that describes the intended DNA target of the PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A sample role type is a classification datum that classifies samples by the type of sample role in the experiment. [Allotrope]
A reporter dye setting is a setting that classifies the reporter dye used in the PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A quencher dye setting is a setting that classifies the quencher dye used in the PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A cycle threshold result is an qPCR assay result that records the cycle at which the threshold was passed. [Allotrope]
A normalized reporter result is a qPCR assay result that specifies the fluorescent signal of the reporter dye normalized to the signal of the passive reference dye. [Allotrope]
A baseline corrected reporter result is a qPCR assay result that specifies the normalized reporter result minus the baseline signal of the instrument. [Allotrope]
An nuclear magnetic resonance result is a result of an nuclear magnetic resonance assay. [Allotrope]
A detector gain setting is setting that specifies the gain of the detector. [Allotrope]
An optical velocity setting is a setting that specifies the velocity of the moving mirror during the run. [Allotrope]
A slit width setting is a setting that specifies the width of the opening of the slit. [Allotrope]
A detector type is a classification datum that describes the detector type. [Allotrope]
A beamsplitter type is a classification datum that describes the beamsplitter type based on the compound used to split the light beam. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy result
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry result
An NMR spectroscopy result is a result of an NMR spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrometry result is a result of a mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]
An intermediate tapped density document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a single intermediate tapped density result. [Allotrope]
A reflectance is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the fraction of incident radiation reflected by a surface or discontinuity. [IUPAC]
A transmittance is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the ratio of the transmitted radiant power (P_λ) to that incident on the sample (P0_λ): T = P_λ/ P0_λ. [IUPAC]
A position count is a spatial quantification facet that quantifies the number of distinct spatial locations. The spatial locations are defined by some pattern or morphology. [Allotrope]
An automation flag is a flag that controls whether a process involves an automation system (true) participant alone or involves a human participant (false). [Allotrope]
manual vs. automatic baseline determination [Allotrope]
The automation can refer to subprocesses such as consuming of input, or the production of output or full automation. [Allotrope]
A PCR setting is a setting for a PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A PCR result is an assay result that is output of a PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
An enabled flag setting is control setting that controls whether a process is running in a specific situation controlled by the setting. [Allotrope]
A reflectance spectrum is a spectrum that plots the reflectance of radiance as the function of frequency or wavelength. [Allotrope]
A reflectance spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a reflectance spectrum. [Allotrope]
An absorption spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents an absorption spectrum. [Allotrope]
A transmittance spectrum is a spectrum that plots the transmittance of radiance as the function of frequency or wavelength. [Allotrope]
A transmittance spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a transmittance spectrum. [Allotrope]
A BET plot is a data distribution function of an adsorption isotherm with 1/v[(p0/p)-1] on the y-axis and p/p0 on the x-axis, where p is equilibrium pressure and p0 saturation pressure of adsorbates at the temperature of adsorption, and v is the adsorbed gas quantity. [Wikipedia]
A BET plot data cube is a data cube that represents a BET plot. [Allotrope]
A time setting is a setting the specifies a point in time when a process starts or ends. [Allotrope]
A reaction component list is a document about an ordered collection of material entities with roles in a chemical reaction. [Allotrope]
A chemical document is a document that is about some chemical substance. [Allotrope]
A chemical name is the written name of a chemical substance that shows the names of each of its elements or subcompounds. [Allotrope]
A reaction component role type is a classification datum that classifies the role of a chemical substance in a reaction. [Allotrope]
A molecular mass is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the mass of a molecule. [Allotrope]
A SMILES molecular structure is a molecular structure specified in Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) line notation. [edamontology.org]
An InChI molecular structure is a molecular structure specified in IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI) line notation. [edamontology.org]
An InChIKey molecular structure is a molecular structure specified as an InChIKey (hashed InChI), which is a fixed length (25 character) condensed digital representation of an InChI chemical structure specification. It uniquely identifies a chemical compound. An InChIKey identifier is not human- nor machine-readable but is more suitable for web searches than an InChI chemical structure specification. [edamontology.org]
An addition description is a description about the process of adding a reaction component to a reaction. [Allotrope]
A probe type is a classification datum that describes the type of probe used in a process. [Allotrope]
A probe identifier is a measurement device identifier that identifies some probe. [Allotrope]
A relative permittivity result is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the the ability of a medium composed of molecules of a given type to transmit an electric field. [CHEMINF]
Relative permittivity is a chemical substance quality that reflects the ability of a medium composed of molecules of a given type to transmit an electric field.
An impedance scan profile is a profile that quantifies the impedance spectrum of a material over time. [Allotrope]
An impedance scan data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an impedance scan result. [Allotrope]
An impedance scan permittivity range is an impedance scan result that quantitates the difference in heights of low and high frequency in an impedance spectrum which correlates with the viable cell density. [Allotrope]
An impedance scan slope is an impedance scan result that quantitates the slope (α) of the beta-dispersion at the characteristic frequency fc and is indicative of the cell diameter distribution. The steeper the slope , the more homogeneous the distribution. [Allotrope]
An impedance scan characteristic frequency is an impedance scan result datum obtained from the infliction point of the impedance spectrum that provides an indication of the average cell diameter. The larger the cell diameter, the smaller the fc and vice-versa. [Allotrope]
An impedance scan result is an assay result that is the output of processing an impedance spectrum. [Allotrope]
A Molfile molecular structure is a molecular structure specified as an MDL Molfile. [edamontology.org]
A normalized reporter data cube is a data cube that represents a plot of normalized reporter result against cycle. [Allotrope]
A baseline corrected reporter data cube is a data cube that represents a plot of baseline corrected reporter result against cycle. [Allotrope]
A cycle count is a count of the number of iterations of a repeated process. [Allotrope]
A heat flow profile is a profile that quantifies the heat flow through a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A total system heat flow profile is a profile that quantifies the heat flow through a system over time. [Allotrope]
A reaction heat flow profile is a profile that quantifies the heat flow through a material entity with the reaction mixture role over time. [Allotrope]
A source current setting is a current setting controlling the current supplied to a radiation source. [Allotrope]
A current setting is a setting that specifies some current configuration of a current controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target electric current at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
An electron energy setting is a voltage setting controlling the voltage in a source to accelerate electrons to the specified eV kinetic energy. [Allotrope]
A voltage setting is a setting that specifies some current configuration of a voltage controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target voltage at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
An analyte aggregate document is a document about an ordered collection of analytes. [Allotrope]
An analyte document is a document that is about some analyte. [Allotrope]
A radiation source type is a classification datum that classifies the type of radiation source used in a process. [Allotrope]
A near infrared document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a near-infrared spectroscopy process. [Allotrope]
A three-dimensional FTIR spectrum is a data distribution function that is a plot of absorbance or transmittance versus wavelength and versus time obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the infrared region (2.5–25 μm) and as a function of time. [Allotrope]
A three-dimensional Raman spectrum is a data distribution function that is a plot of Raman intensity versus wavelength and versus time obtained by the inelastic scattering of photons from a monochromatic light source by a sample as a function of time. [Allotrope]
three-dimensional near infrared spectrum
3-dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectra
3-dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectrum
three dimensional near infra-red spectra
three dimensional near infra-red spectrum
three dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectra
three dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectrum
three-dimensional near infra-red spectra
three-dimensional near infra-red spectrum
three-dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectra
three-dimensional near infrared (NIR) spectrum
A three-dimensional near infrared spectrum is a data distribution function that is a plot of absorbance or transmittance versus wavelength and versus time obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the near infrared region (0.8-2 µm) and as a function of time. [Allotrope]
A plot of absorbance or transmittance versus wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation from the near infrared region (0.8-2 µm). [Allotrope]
An electronic project is a user-defined collection of methods, results, sign-offs, audit trails, custom fields, and raw data. [Allotrope]
A report method is a plan specification that serves as a template to organize the data, results, and method contents in a generated report. The report method is independent of any data that the report contains. [Allotrope]
Total cell diameter is is a facet that quantifies a diameter of any (living or dead) cell. [Allotrope]
Average total cell diameter is a cell counter result data that states the average diameter of the cells (living or dead) measured. [Allotrope]
Total cell diameter distribution is a cell counter result data that states the distribution of the diameters of the cells (living or dead) measured. [Allotrope]
A pH profile is a profile that quantifies the pH of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A standard aggregate document is a document that is about an ordered collection of standards. [Allotrope]
A pH calibration slope is an assay result determined by the ratio of the slope of a pH calibration to the theoretical maximum, expressed as a percentage. [Allotrope]
A pH data cube is a data cube that represents the pH of a material over time. [Allotrope]
A reaction temperature data cube is a data cube that represents the reaction temperature over time. [Allotrope]
A jacket temperature data cube is a data cube that represents the jacket temperature over time. [Allotrope]
A stirring rate data cube is a data cube that represents the stirring rate over time. [Allotrope]
A mass profile is a profile that quantifies the mass of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A purge gas flow rate profile is a flow rate profile that quantifies the flow rate of gas with the role of purge gas being added to inert equipment over time. [Allotrope]
A purge gas type is a classification datum that classifies the gas with the role of purge gas used in a rinsing process. [Allotrope]
A purge gas flow rate data cube is a data cube that represents the flow rate of gas with the role of purge gas over time. [Allotrope]
A chord length distribution profile is a profile of the distribution of chord lengths of particles over time. [Allotrope]
A chord length distribution data cube is a data cube that represents particle count binned by chord length over time. [Allotrope]
A measured chord length result is an assay result quantitating a chord length of the observed particles before correcting for the refractive index of the solution and particle, backscattering, etc. [Allotrope]
A laser rotation speed setting is a control setting that specifies the angular velocity of the laser in a FBRM run over time. [Allotrope]
A chord selection setting is a control setting for a FBRM run that optimizes the analysis for small primary particles or larger agglomerates. [Allotrope]
stuck particle correction enabled setting
A stuck particle correction enabled setting is a control setting for a FBRM run that controls whether or not data analysis ignores stuck particles (those present in the same location of the laser path even as the laser rotates), which can correct for up to 10% of the particles being stuck. [Allotrope]
A laser rotation speed data cube is a data cube that represents the measured angular velocity of the laser in a FBRM run over time. [Allotrope]
An FTIR profile is a profile that quantifies the absorbance by or transmittance through a material entity over time and by frequency in the infrared range. [Allotrope]
A background document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a background measurement. [Allotrope]
A Raman profile is a profile that quantifies the intensity of Raman scattering vs. Raman shift (cm-1) over time. [Allotrope]
A near infrared profile is a profile that quantifies absorbed or transmitted radiation over time in the near infrared region (0.8-2 µm). [Allotrope]
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy profile
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy profile result
An ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy profile is a profile that quantifies absorbed or transmitted radiation over time in the ultraviolet-visible region. [Allotrope]
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy document
A ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a UV-Vis spectroscopic run. [Allotrope]
A spectrometer type is a classification datum that classifies the type of spectrometer used in a process. [Allotrope]
A concentration profile is a profile that quantifies the concentration of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A chemical shift is a quality quantification facet quantifying the fractional variation of the resonance frequency of a nucleus in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in consequence of its magnetic environment of a nucleus. The chemical shift of a nucleus, δ, is expressed as a ratio involving its frequency, ν_cpd, relative to that of a standard, ν_ref, and defined as: δ = (ν_cpd - ν_ref)/ν_ref. [IUPAC]
An analysis material role type is a classification datum that classifies the role of a portion of material in a reaction. [Allotrope]
An analyte molar ratio is a ratio quantification datum that quantifies the relative molar amount of an analyte to a reference entity. [Allotrope]
A sample preparation aggregate document is a document that aggregates sample preparation documents. [Allotrope]
A sample preparation document is a document about a sample preparation process. [Allotrope]
A purity (datum) is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the purity of a portion of material. [Allotrope]
An NMR multiplet is a peak group in a NMR spectrum, all of which are associated with a single nuclei but for which the signal has been split due to interactions with neighboring nuclei. [Allotrope]
An associated nuclei count is a count that indicates the number of nuclei associated with a NMR multiplet. [Allotrope]
A measurement aggregate document is a document about a collection of measurement documents. [Allotrope]
A measurement document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a measurement. [Allotrope]
A system flow rate profile is a flow rate profile of the flow rate through the system pump of the chromatograph. [Allotrope]
An aperture size setting temperature setting is a control setting that specifies the size of the aperture opening. [Allotrope]
michelson interferometer measurement mode setting
michelson interferometer acquisition mode setting
2022-06-20 Subclassed under measurement mode setting and renamed to conform with parent. [Allotrope]
A michelson interferometer measurement mode setting is a control setting that specifies whether the interferogram measurement is single or double-sided and whether one or both scan directions are used in the measurement. [Allotrope]
A sample measurement interface type is a classification datum that classifies the sample measurement interface used by a measuring process. [Allotrope]
A thermal conductivity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the disposition to spontaneous transfer of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. [Allotrope]
A temperature rate is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the change in temperature over time in some material. [Allotrope]
An angle of optical rotation result is a quality quantification facet quantifying the angle through which plane polarized light is rotated clockwise, as seen when facing the light source, in passing through an optically active medium. [IUPAC]
A specific rotation result is is a quality quantification facet quantifying the change in orientation of monochromatic plane-polarized light, per unit distance–concentration product, as the light passes through a sample of a compound in solution. [Wikipedia]
A specific rotation document is a document about a polarimetry process used to measure a specific rotation. [Allotrope]
An end point determination setting is a control setting that specifies the end point of an analysis. [Allotrope]
A maximum run time setting is an end point determination setting that specifies the maximum time of analysis. [Allotrope]
A change rate end point setting is an end point determination setting that specifies the maximum change in weight per unit time. [Allotrope]
An extrapolated weight end point setting is an end point determination setting based on extrapolating initial weight loss to a predicted final dry weight. [Allotrope]
A temperature program setting is a control setting that specifies the heating profile to use to achieve the desired temperature. [Allotrope]
A ratio quantification datum is a quantification datum that quantifies the relative magnitude as a ratio of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]
Molar mass is a mass that quantifies the mass of a homogeneous substance containing 6.02 x 10^23 atoms or molecules. [Allotrope]
Apodization is the name of a filter method used in some data apodization. [Allotrope]
The factor of the size increase by time domain zero padding the Fourier transformation. [Allotrope]
Phase correction is the name of a method for phase correction used to adjust FT spectra. [Allotrope]
A thermal conductance is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the heat flow over time through a material of specific area and thickness. [Allotrope]
A profile setting is a setting the specifies the change of a configuration of a system over time or a reaction to a change of a situation over time. [Allotrope]
A control profile setting is a profile setting that specifies how a system's configuration is controlled over time. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum data cube
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrometry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a mass spectrometry run. [Allotrope]
A sample flow rate profile is a flow rate profile of the flow rate through the sample pump of the chromatograph. [Allotrope]
An ADF converter name is a written name of some software used to convert data into the Allotrope Data Format. [Allotrope]
An ADF converter method identifier is an identifier identifying the method used by an ADF converter to convert a dataset into the Allotrope Data Format. [Allotrope]
An ADF converter version is a software version specifying the version of an ADF converter used to convert a dataset into the Allotrope Data Format. [Allotrope]
A start time is a time that denotes the start of some process. [Allotrope]
A end time is a time that denotes the end of some process. [Allotrope]
A tablet press identifier is a device identifier that identifies some tablet press. [Allotrope]
A container identifier is an identifier that identifies some container. [Allotrope]
A tablet thickness is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the thickness of some tablet. [Allotrope]
A hardness is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some hardness. [Allotrope]
A data validity assessment is an assessment about the validity of some data for a specified purpose. [Allotrope]
A data validity code is an code that indicates the validity of some data. [Allotrope]
2021-12-01 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A thickness datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies a 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. [Allotrope]
A disintegration apparatus disc type is an classification datum classifying some disintegration apparatus disc. [Allotrope]
disintegration apparatus basket identifier
A disintegration apparatus basket identifier is an identifier of some disintegration apparatus basket. [Allotrope]
A fill depth is a quality quantification facet quantifying the depth of material in a container. [Allotrope]
A result specification is a specification of acceptable limits for a result or set of results. [Allotrope]
A material suitability specification is a material specification defining acceptable limits for qualities or required functions or dispositions of some material to be suitable for a specified use case. [Allotrope]
A specification assessment is an assessment about whether some result conforms to a predefined specification. [Allotrope]
A minimum value is a descriptive statistic that denotes the smallest value present in some dataset. [Allotrope]
A maximum value is a descriptive statistic that denotes the largest value present in some dataset. [Allotrope]
The relative standard deviation is a ratio of the standard deviation to the arithmetic mean. [Allotrope]
An absolute water content is a mass datum quantifying the absolute mass of water in a sample. [Allotrope]
A water mass concentration is a mass concentration quantifying the mass of water divided by the total volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
A water mass fraction is a mass fraction quantifying the mass of water divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
A data validity is a qualification about the suitability of some data for a specified purpose. [Allotrope]
A shaking configuration description is a description of the shaking process configuration. [Allotrope]
detector distance setting (plate reader)
A detector distance setting is a control setting that specifies the distance between the detector and the scanned plate. [Allotrope]
A scan position setting is a setting that specifies whether the detector is positioned underneath the microplate. [Allotrope]
A detector carriage speed setting is a control setting that specifies the speed of a detector carriage. [Allotrope]
A read interval setting is a control setting that specifies the duration between individual reads in a measurement. [Allotrope]
2024-06-11 Renamed total measurement duration setting in line with existing definition. [Allotrope]
A total measurement duration setting is a control setting that specifies the aggregated duration of a series of measurements. [Allotrope]
A detector wavelength setting is a control setting that specifies the wavelength of a particular signal to be measured by the detector. [Allotrope]
A well scan pattern setting is a control setting that specifies the pattern of scanned points within a well. [Allotrope]
A well scan density setting is a control setting that specifies the number of scanned points within a well. [Allotrope]
A luminescence profile data cube is a data cube that represents a luminescence profile. [Allotrope]
A luminescence spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a luminescence spectrum. [Allotrope]
A luminescence area scan data cube is a data cube that represents a luminescence area scan. [Allotrope]
A luminescence profile is a profile that quantifies the luminescence of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A luminescence area scan is a data distribution function of the luminescence of a material entity scanned over a predefined area. [Allotrope]
A vial location identifier is a local identifier that identifies the location of a vial in the vial container in the scope of the vial container. [Allotrope]
A beam deceleration voltage setting is a voltage setting controlling the voltage on a sample holder to decelerate some electron beam. [Allotrope]
An image format is a classification datum classifying an image by the data format specification that its representation has. [Allotrope]
An image height is the height of some image. [Allotrope]
An image width is the horizontal length of some image. [Allotrope]
A condenser lens voltage setting is voltage setting specifying the voltage of some condenser lens. [Allotrope]
An electron beam working distance is a quality quantification facet quantifying the distance between the final lens and the focal point of the electron beam. [Allotrope]
A micron marker setting is a setting that specifies the distance between subdivisions on the size marker included in some image. [Allotrope]
An x-coordinate is a scalar number datum with the role of x-coordinate. [Allotrope]
A y-coordinate is a scalar number datum with the role of y-coordinate. [Allotrope]
A z-coordinate is a scalar number datum with the role of z-coordinate. [Allotrope]
An incident radiation angle is a quality quantification facet quantifying the angle between the beam of radiation and the surface of some sample it impacts. [Allotrope]
scan speed setting (electron microscopy)
A scan speed setting is a control setting that specifies the speed at which the radiation beam scans some sample. [Allotrope]
A detector bandwidth setting is a control setting that specifies the bandwidth of a particular signal to be measured by the detector. [Allotrope]
A wavelength filter cutoff setting is a control setting that specifies the minimum wavelength allowed to pass to the detector. [Allotrope]
An excitation wavelength setting is a control setting specifying the wavelength of the beam used for the excitation of the sample. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1984, 56, 231. (Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-Part VI: molecular luminescence spectroscopy)
PAC, 1994, 66, 2513. (Nomenclature for radioanalytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994))
2021-09-14 Moved from deprecated term AFR_0002500 to replacement AFR_0002507
A fluorescence is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the luminescence which occurs essentially only during the irradiation of a substance by electromagnetic radiation. [IUPAC]
fluorescence excitation spectrum data cube
A fluorescence excitation spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a fluorescence excitation spectrum. [Allotrope]
fluorescence emission spectrum data cube
A fluorescence emission spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a fluorescence emission spectrum. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence excitation spectrum is a spectrum that plots the intensity of fluorescence of a material entity vs the excitation wavelength at a defined emission wavelength. [Allotrope]
A coordinate is a scalar as component of a vector or tuple in a coordinate system specifying a point in space. [Allotrope]
A Cartesian coordinate is a coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate system, that specifies each point uniquely in an n-dimensional Euclidean space . These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]
An emission bandwidth setting is a control setting that specifies the bandwidth of a particular signal to be emitted by a source. [Allotrope]
A detector model number is a model number that denotes some class of detectors. [Allotrope]
A detector identifier is a measurement device identifier that identifies some detector. [Allotrope]
A detector view volume is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the volume of material visible to the detector at the point of measurement. [Allotrope]
A sample volume setting is a control setting specifying the volume of sample to be used in a measurement. [Allotrope]
A flush volume setting is a control setting specifying the volume of material to be used to flush some device. [Allotrope]
A differential count is a count that has non-negative integer values that is about the number of discrete things within a defined range. [Allotrope]
A cumulative particle density is a scalar quantity datum that quantifies the number density of particles meeting a given criterion. [Allotrope]
A differential particle density is a summary datum that quantifies the number density of particles within a specified range criterion. [Allotrope]
A data processing omission setting is a data processing setting that marks whether the related dataset should be excluded from some data processing. [Allotrope]
A dilution factor setting is a control setting specifying some dilution factor. [Allotrope]
An area scan is a data distribution function over points of a defined area. [Allotrope]
The measurement output of an area scanning [Allotrope]
A position code is a code that indicates a position. [Allotrope]
Luminescence is a quality quantification datum that quantifies the spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment. [IUPAC]
A material specification is a specification that specifies some qualities, roles or dispositions of some material. [Allotrope]
2022-11-28 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 10 % of its peak height. [Allotrope]
asymmetry factor measured at 10 % height
asymmetry factor measured at 10 percent of height
A quantitative asymmetry factor calculated at 10 percent of its peak height. [Allotrope]
height equivalent to a theoretical plate
A height equivalent to a theoretical plate is a chromatography peak facet quantifying the ratio of the absorption bed length divided by the number of theoretical plates in the absorption bed. [Wikipedia]
A prescription is a proposition that is about some social rules that are imposed on the use of some entity, that a member of the social community has to follow. [Allotrope]
density of theoretical plates (chromatography)
A density of theoretical plates (chromatography) is a chromatography peak facet that measures the amount of band broadening normalized per length unit that occurs during the separation and thus the efficiency of the chromatographic system. [Allotrope]
Retention volume is a chromatography peak facet that indicates the acquisition volume at the maximum detector response attributed to the peak (analyte band). [Allotrope]
The acquisition volume is the volume elapsed through the chromatography column between the injection of the sample and when the signal is captured. [Allotrope]
liquid chromatography aggregate document
A liquid chromatography aggregate document is a document that aggregates LC documents. [Allotrope]
A liquid chromatography document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a liquid chromatography run. [Allotrope]
A device system document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a device system. [Allotrope]
A detector control aggregate document is a document that aggregates detector control documents. [Allotrope]
A detector control document is a document that encompasses the information associated with control of a detector. [Allotrope]
An injection document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an injection. [Allotrope]
A pump model number is a model number that denotes some class of pumps. [Allotrope]
Submitter is measurement metadata about the name or identifier of a person that has the role of a submitter in the measurement. [Allotrope]
A column part number is a part number that denotes some class of chromatography columns. [Allotrope]
A column serial number is an equipment serial number that identifies some chromatography column. [Allotrope]
A detection type is a classification datum that classifies the type of detection performed by the detector.. [Allotrope]
An injection identifier is an identifier that identifies some injection. [Allotrope]
An injection time is a time that indicates when an injection is performed. [Allotrope]
An intensity (datum) is an quality quantification facet that quantifies the magnitude of a signal. [Allotrope]
Absolute intensity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the absolute magnitude of a signal. [Allotrope]
A total ion profile is an ion profile that is the sum of all detected ion current signals at each time point. [Allotrope]
A mass output setting is a data processing setting that specifies the charge output value on some charge deconvolution output. [Allotrope]
An ion profile is a distribution function of a ion current signal of a mass detector. [Allotrope]
A selected ion profile is an ion profile where only preselected m/z values are detected in the analysis. [Allotrope]
A mass resolution setting is a control setting that specifies the nominal mass resolution target for a mass spectrometry scan. [Allotrope]
A detector signal is a signal that is produced by a detector that signals the presence or magnitude of the entity observed by the detector. [Allotrope]
An ion current signal is the output of a mass detector, that signals the ion current. [Allotrope]
An excitation bandwidth setting is a control setting specifying the bandwidth of the beam used for the excitation of the sample. [Allotrope]
A compartment temperature is a quality quantification facet quantifying the temperature of some compartment. [Allotrope]
A chromatogram data cube is a data cube that represents a chromatogram. [Allotrope]
three-dimensional ultraviolet spectrum data cube
A three-dimensional ultraviolet spectrum data cube is a data cube that represents a three-dimensional ultraviolet spectrum. [Allotrope]
A hygroscopicity code is a code that indicates a range of hygroscopicity. [Allotrope]
An impedance spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of an impedance spectrum. [Allotrope]
An electric impedance is a quality quantification facet quantifying the electric impedance of some material. [Allotrope]
A profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates profiles. [Allotrope]
A mass profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates mass profiles. [Allotrope]
A volume profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates volume profiles. [Allotrope]
A temperature profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates temperature profiles. [Allotrope]
A heat flow profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates heat flow profiles. [Allotrope]
angular velocity profile aggregate document
An angular velocity profile aggregate document is a document that aggregates angular velocity profiles. [Allotrope]
chromatography column particle size (datum)
A chromatography column particle size is a particle size datum that quantifies the dimensions of packing particles in a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
A start time setting is a setting specifying the start time of some process. [Allotrope]
An end time setting is a setting specifying the end time of some process. [Allotrope]
A device document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a device. [Allotrope]
A device type is a classification datum that classifies the type of device used. [Allotrope]
A grip velocity setting is a control setting specifying the velocity at which the device grips move during the run. [Allotrope]
An ambient humidity is a quantity facet that quantifies the humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. [Allotrope]
A grip distance setting is a control setting that specifies the distance between the grips of a device at the start of a measurement run. [Allotrope]
A sampling orientation type is a classification datum that classifies the orientation of the cuts used to separate a sample from the material it was derived from, relative to the device extruding the material. [Allotrope]
A sample shape classification is a classification datum that classifies the shape of the sample undergoing testing. [Allotrope]
A sample thickness is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the thickness of some sample. [Allotrope]
A sample width is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the horizontal length of a sample at the point of measurement. [Allotrope]
A yield stress is the stress at the yield point where a material begins to deform plastically. [Wikipedia]
A yield strain is the strain at the yield point where a material begins to deform plastically. [Wikipedia]
A break stress is the stress at the break point where a material separates into two pieces. [Wikipedia]
A break strain is the strain at the break point where a material separates into two pieces. [Wikipedia]
A peak load force is a quality quantification facet quantifying the maximum force applied to a material during the run. [Allotrope]
A fracture energy is an energy datum quantifying the energy applied to a material to cause it to fracture. [Allotrope]
A Young modulus is a quality quantification facet quantifying the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain of a material. [Allotrope]
A chord modulus document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a chord modulus. [Allotrope]
A chord modulus is the slope of the line drawn between two specified points on a stress-strain curve. [Allotrope]
A start strain point is the data point with the lowest abscissa value on a line between two points on a stress-strain curve. [Allotrope]
An end strain point is the data point with the highest abscissa value on a line between two points on a stress-strain curve. [Allotrope]
A secant modulus aggregate document is a document that is about a collection of secant modulus documents. [Allotrope]
A secant modulus document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a secant modulus. [Allotrope]
A secant modulus is the slope of a line from the origin of a stress-strain curve intersecting at a given strain value. [Allotrope]
A strain is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the magnitude of deformation representing the displacement between particles in the body relative to a reference length. [Allotrope]
A stress is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. [Allotrope]
A humidity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some humidity. [Allotrope]
A sampling orientation code is a code that indicates a sampling orientation. [Allotrope]
A width datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies a 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. [Allotrope]
A force datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. [Allotrope]
A stress-strain data cube is a data cube that represents a stress-strain curve. [Allotrope]
A stress-strain curve is a data distribution function that is a plot of the stress vs strain of a material. [Allotrope]
A code scan result is an assay result that is the output of a code scanning. [Allotrope]
A device response signal is a signal that is sent by some device as a result of some prior communication. [Allotrope]
A gas chromatography aggregate document is a document that aggregates gas chromatography documents. [Allotrope]
A gas chromatography document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a gas chromatography run. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column fill type is a classification datum that classifies a chromatography column by the form of the stationary phase in the column. [Allotrope]
chromatography column film thickness (datum)
A chromatography column film thickness is a thickness datum that quantifies the thickness of the film coating in a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
A sampling type is a classification datum that classifies the type of sampling approach used to take a sample. [Allotrope]
detector distance setting (foam qualification)
A detector distance setting is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor of the foam qualification device and the bottom of a test container during a baseline measurement. [Allotrope]
A measurement start delay setting is a control setting that specifies a delay before starting a measurement process. [Allotrope]
An ambient pressure is a quantity facet that quantifies the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. [Allotrope]
Relative humidity is the ratio, often expressed as a percentage, of the partial pressure of water in the atmosphere at some observed temperature, to the saturation vapor pressure of pure water at this temperature. [IUPAC]
A polyol reservoir temperature is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature of a reservoir containing polyol. [Allotrope]
A reservoir temperature is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature of some reservoir. [Allotrope]
A isocyanate reservoir temperature is a quantity facet that quantifies the temperature of a reservoir containing isocyanate. [Allotrope]
A plate temperature is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the temperature of some plate. [Allotrope]
A plate heater temperature is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the temperature of some plate heater. [Allotrope]
dielectric polarization field frequency setting
A dielectric polarization field frequency setting is a control setting that specifies the frequency of the electrical field used for dielectric polarization of a sample. [Allotrope]
A reaction duration is a duration that indicates the time taken for a reaction to complete. [Allotrope]
A force gauge type is a classification datum that classifies some force gauge by its rated force calibration. [Allotrope]
A container shape is a classification datum that classifies the shape of some container. [Allotrope]
A container height is a height of some container. [Allotrope]
A container diameter is a diameter of some container. [Allotrope]
A process termination state type is a classification facet that classifies the process state at the end of a process. [Allotrope]
A start height is the height of some entity at the start of a process. [Allotrope]
An end height is the height of some entity at the end of a process. [Allotrope]
A velocity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some velocity. [Allotrope]
A gel time is the time at which a material's state of matter transitions into a gel. [Allotrope]
A foam profile data cube is a data cube that represents a foam profile. [Allotrope]
The electric displacement vector and the product of the electric field strength with the permittivity of vacuum. [IUPAC]
A viscosity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the viscosity of a fluid. [Allotrope]
A foam profile is a profile that quantifies the properties of a foam over time. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrometry aggregate document is a document that aggregates mass spectrometry documents. [Allotrope]
A sample introduction document is a document that encompasses the information associated with the process of sample introduction. [Allotrope]
A sample introduction mode setting is a control setting that specifies the type of sample introduction process to be used, which is the process of loading the sample into a system. [Allotrope]
A laser firing frequency setting is a control setting that specifies the frequency of firing of a laser. [Allotrope]
A sample introduction description is a description that describes the process of sample introduction. [Allotrope]
A sample introduction medium designates the material type that is used as medium (role) in a sample introduction process in a measurement. [Allotrope]
Acetonitrile as the solvent in liquid chromatography, or nitrogen as the carrier gas in gas chromatography.
A measurement mode setting is a control setting that specifies the measurement mode of some measurement process. [Allotrope]
MS1, MRM, SIM, PIM, or SRM in mass spectrometry, and qf, qsim, qseq, or DQD in NMR.
A detector relative offset setting is a detector setting that specifies the offset of the signals of two detectors to align them along the x-axis. [Allotrope]
A m/z minimum setting is a m/z setting that specifies the minimum mass per charge ratio of a scan. [Allotrope]
A m/z maximum setting is a m/z setting that specifies the maximum mass per charge ratio of a scan. [Allotrope]
A data processing aggregate document is a document that aggregates data processing documents. [Allotrope]
A data processing document is a document that encompasses the metadata associated with a data processing operation. [Allotrope]
A data processing type is a classification datum that classifies the type of data processing performed. [Allotrope]
A data format specification type is a classification datum that classifies the data format used to store data. [Allotrope]
Centroid or profile data in mass spectometry
A processed data aggregate document is a document that aggregates processed data documents. [Allotrope]
A processed data document is a document that encompasses the output of some data processing operation. [Allotrope]
A data processing description is a description of some data processing operation. [Allotrope]
A maximum row setting is a control setting specifying a maximum row of pixels in a raster image. [Allotrope]
A foam detection sensitivity setting is a control setting that specifies the sensitivity for detection of foam. [Allotrope]
A smoothing window setting is a control setting that specifies the smoothing window for foam detection. [Allotrope]
A pixel density is a figure facet that quantifies the number of pixels per unit size of some image. [Allotrope]
A liquid start row is the minimum row of pixels in a raster image where a liquid is detected. [Allotrope]
A liquid end row is the maximum row of pixels in a raster image where a liquid is detected. [Allotrope]
A foam detection result is an assay result that specifies whether foam was detected. [Allotrope]
A foam start row is the minimum row of pixels in a raster image where a foam is detected. [Allotrope]
A foam end row is the maximum row of pixels in a raster image where a foam is detected. [Allotrope]
A liquid row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where liquid is detected. [Allotrope]
A foam row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where foam is detected, including any air gap if present. [Allotrope]
A total row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where any liquid or foam is detected. [Allotrope]
A liquid height is a height of some liquid. [Allotrope]
A total foam height is a height of some foam, including any air gap if present. [Allotrope]
A total material height is the summation of heights of some collection of materials. [Allotrope]
An air gap detection result is an assay result that specifies whether an air gap was detected. [Allotrope]
A normalized foam row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where foam is detected, excluding any air gap if present. [Allotrope]
A normalized foam height is a height of some foam, excluding any air gap if present. [Allotrope]
An above gap foam row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where foam is detected above an air gap. [Allotrope]
A below gap foam row count is a count of the number of rows of pixels in a raster image where foam is detected below an air gap. [Allotrope]
A liquid homogeneity gradient is a description describing the magnitude of the difference between the foam and liquid sides of an extrapolated boundary in a sample. [Allotrope]
An exception description is a description of some unexpected, unusual or unintended situation. [Allotrope]
A bubble aggregate document is a document that aggregates bubble documents. [Allotrope]
A bubble document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a bubble. [Allotrope]
A pixel count is a count of the number of pixels in some raster image. [Allotrope]
An eccentricity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some eccentricity. [Allotrope]
A relative location is a location facet that denotes a location of an entity relative to some other entity. [Allotrope]
A centroid y-coordinate is a y-coordinate for the center point of some entity. [Allotrope]
A centroid x-coordinate is an x-coordinate for the center point of some entity. [Allotrope]
A barcode is a method of representing data in a visual, machine-readable form. [Wikipedia]
A linear velocity datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies how fast an object is traveling in a straight line, meaning its direction is not changing. [Allotrope]
Height is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the bearer's vertical dimension of extension. [Allotrope]
A pixel is a figure facet that is the smallest addressable element in a raster image. [Wikipedia]
A raster image is an image represented as a rectangular matrix or grid of square pixels, viewable via a computer display, paper, or other display medium. [Wikipedia]
A foam height is a height of some foam. [Allotrope]
A statistics aggregate document is a document that aggregates statistics documents. [Allotrope]
A statistics document is a document that encapsulates the statistical information associated with some population. [Allotrope]
A statistical feature is a statistical facet that defines the feature with the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of the members of the aggregate that is common to each member and is used to make aggregated data about the aggregate. [Allotrope]
A start delay is a process property that describes a difference in time between a start process boundary and some other point in time. [Allotrope]
An end delay is a process property that describes a difference in time between an end process boundary and some other point in time. [Allotrope]
A diagnostic trace aggregate document is a document that aggregates diagnostic trace documents. [Allotrope]
A diagnostic trace document is a document that encapsulates the information associated with a diagnostic trace. [Allotrope]
A sample flow rate data cube is a data cube that represents the flow rate through the sample pump of a chromatograph. [Allotrope]
A system flow rate data cube is a data cube that represents the flow rate through the system pump of a chromatograph. [Allotrope]
An abrasion source description is a description of the device or manual agent of abrasion in an abrasion process. [Allotrope]
A coated material description is a description of the material with the role of coated material. [Allotrope]
An abrading material description is a description of the material with the role of abrading material. [Allotrope]
A coating gap height is a height facet that quantifies the gap between the coating device and the material that is coated in the coating process. [Allotrope]
An abrasion cycle count is a count of the number of abrasion cycles in an abrasion process. [Allotrope]
An abrasion weight is a mass facet that quantifies the mass of the component used to apply abrasion to a sample. [Allotrope]
A specular reflection aggregate document is a document that aggregates specular reflection documents. [Allotrope]
A specular reflection document is a document about a specular reflection process. [Allotrope]
A gloss is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the gloss of a surface. [Allotrope]
An angle is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some angle quality. [Allotrope]
A gloss change aggregate document is a document that aggregates gloss change documents. [Allotrope]
A gloss change document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a gloss change. [Allotrope]
A gloss change is an assay result that quantifies the difference in gloss of a material before and after abrasion. [Allotrope]
A device control aggregate document is a document that aggregates device control documents. [Allotrope]
A device control document is a document that encompasses the information associated with control of a device. [Allotrope]
A grip pressure setting is a pressure setting that specifies the pressure applied to a material by the closure of a pair of grips. [Allotrope]
A dwell time setting (hot tack) is a control setting that specifies the duration of closure of the grips. [Allotrope]
A delay time setting (hot tack) is a control setting that specifies the duration between opening of the grips and removal of the sample. [Allotrope]
A heat seal length is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the length of some heat seal between two materials. [Allotrope]
A break type is a classification datum that classifies the type of separation between two materials. [Allotrope]
A separation aggregate document is a document that aggregates separation documents. [Allotrope]
A separation document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some separating process. [Allotrope]
A pressure setting is a setting that specifies some pressure configuration of a pressure controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the target pressure at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A break code is a code that indicates the mode of separation of two materials.. [Allotrope]
A gradient segment aggregate document is a document that aggregates gradient segment documents. [Allotrope]
A gradient segment document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a step in some gradient profile. [Allotrope]
gradient profile setting (chromatography)
A gradient profile setting is a control profile setting that specifies the profile of the ratio of solvents in the mobile phase used over the course of a chromatographic separation. [Allotrope]
A log source name is a written name that denotes the source of some log entry. [Allotrope]
A system setting is a setting that specifies the configuration of some system. [Allotrope]
A velocity setting is a setting that specifies some velocity configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the velocity of some process occurring at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A distance setting is a setting that specifies some distance configuration of a controlling or monitoring device, that controls or monitors the distance between materials at the site of some system component. [Allotrope]
A gripping device setting is a setting that specifies the configuration of a gripping device. [Allotrope]
An ASM converter name is a written name of some software used to convert data into the Allotrope Simple Model format. [Allotrope]
Allotrope Simple Model converter version
An ASM converter version is a software version specifying the version of an ASM converter used to convert data into the Allotrope Simple Model format. [Allotrope]
A server identifier is an identifier that identifies some server. [Allotrope]
Allotrope Simple Model converter method identifier
An ASM converter method identifier is an identifier identifying the method used by an ASM converter to convert data into the Allotrope Simple Model format. [Allotrope]
A fraction aggregate document is a document that aggregates fraction documents. [Allotrope]
A fraction document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a fraction. [Allotrope]
A creation time is the time when an entity was created. [Allotrope]
A modified time is the time when a particular change was made to an entity. [Allotrope]
A last modified time is the time when the last change was made to an entity. [Allotrope]
A dilution factor is a ratio quantification facet that quantifies the ratio of the final volume to the original aliquot volume of a solution in a dilution process. [Allotrope]
A hold-up volume is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the hold-up volume of a chromatographic column. [Allotrope]
A relative response is a ratio quantification facet that quantifies the ratio of an analytes device response signal to the device response signal of some reference material. [Allotrope]
A peak width at inflection is the peak width calculated by the length between its two inflection points. [Allotrope]
An integration algorithm is an algorithm about integration that specifies the way an integration process is carried out. [Allotrope]
An integration algorithm type is a classification datum that classifies the integration algorithm used in an integration process. [Allotrope]
A custom information document is a document that about some labeled information entity for which limited meaning and/or context is known. [Allotrope]
Information placed by a user in acquisition or processing software in a field that is ambiguously defined by the software ( e.g. ‘SPARE FIELD 1’). This allows the information tag and value to be unambiguously linked and therefore retrieved by those with knowledge into its use for the data being interrogated. [Allotrope]
Linear decadic (a,K) and Napierian attenuation coefficients (α) are equal to the corresponding absorbances divided by the optical path length through the sample, but taking into account also the effects due to scattering and luminescence. The molar absorption coefficients (decadic ε, Napierian κ) are the linear absorption coefficients divided by the amount concentration. [IUPAC]
A protein attenuation coefficient is a calculated extinction coefficient at 280 nm of a protein calculated from the number of aromatic amino acids, particularly tryptophan. [Allotrope]
2024-03-18 Reworked to align with mass attenuation coefficient. [Allotrope]
A molar attenuation coefficient is an attenuation coefficient where the concentration is a molar concentration. [Allotrope]
A column void volume time is the time required for an unretained compound to traverse the column and exit. [Allotrope]
An electronic signature document is a document about some electronic signature. [Allotrope]
An account identifier is an identifier, that identifies an account in a system that people or other systems use to access it. [Allotrope]
A data system document is a document that encapsulates the information associated with some data system. [Allotrope]
A data system instance identifier is an identifier that identifies an instance of some data system. [Allotrope]
A column compartment temperature setting is a temperature setting that specifies the temperature of some column compartment. [Allotrope]
A corrected peak area is a peak area corrected for some relative response factor. [Allotrope]
A relative corrected peak area is a relative peak area that denotes the corrected area of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. . [Allotrope]
asymmetry factor measured at 4.4 % height
asymmetry factor measured at 4.4 percent height
asymmetry factor measured at 4.4% height
2022-11-28 Changed pref label, added alt label. [Allotrope]
A quantitative asymmetry factor equivalent to the ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its trailing edge to that of its fronting edge at 4.4 % of the peak height. [Allotrope]
asymmetry factor squared measured at 4.4 % height
asymmetry factor squared measured at 4.4 percent height
asymmetry factor squared measured at 4.4% height
A quantitative asymmetry factor equivalent to the square of ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its trailing edge to that of its fronting edge at 4.4 % of the peak height. [Allotrope]
asymmetry factor squared measured at 10 % height
asymmetry factor squared measured at 10 percent height
asymmetry factor squared measured at 10% height
A quantitative asymmetry factor equivalent to the square of ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its trailing edge to that of its fronting edge at 10 % of the peak height. [Allotrope]
A quantitative asymmetry factor equivalent to the square of ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its trailing edge to that of its fronting edge. [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates measured at 60.7 % of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 60.7 percent of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 60.7% of peak height
The number of theoretical plates calculated by the peak width at 60.7 % of peak height (2 sigma for a gaussian peak). [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates measured at 32.4 % of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 32.4 percent of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 32.4% of peak height
The number of theoretical plates calculated by the peak width at 32.4 % of peak height (3 sigma for a gaussian peak). [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates measured at 13.4 % of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 13.4 percent of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 13.4% of peak height
The number of theoretical plates calculated by the peak width at 13.4 % of peak height (4 sigma for a gaussian peak). [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates measured at 4.4 % of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 4.4 percent of peak height
number of theoretical plates measured at 4.4% of peak height
The number of theoretical plates calculated by the peak width at 4.4 % of peak height (5 sigma for a gaussian peak). [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 4.4 % of its peak height. This is equivalent to 5 standard deviations of a Gaussian peak. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 13.4 % of its peak height. This is equivalent to 4 standard deviations of a Gaussian peak. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 32.4 % of its peak height. This is equivalent to 3 standard deviations of a Gaussian peak. [Allotrope]
The peak width calculated at 60.7 % of its peak height. This is equivalent to 2 standard deviations of a Gaussian peak. [Allotrope]
peak leading edge time at 5 % of peak height
peak leading edge time at 5 percent of peak height
peak leading edge time at 5% of peak height
The time or volume from the center point of a peak to its leading edge at 5 % of the peak height. [Allotrope]
An expected retention time is a peak facet that indicates the expected retention time as specified by the data processing method. [Allotrope]
An error code is a code that indicates the error associated with the aborted state of a planned process. [Allotrope]
A chromatography peak type is a classification datum that classifies a chromatography peak by the role played by the substance it is a proxy for in the chromatographic process. [Allotrope]
It is mainly used to determine if it is relevant to the particular analysis.
A chromatography separation type is a classification datum that classifies the underlying separation process used in the chromatographic process. [Allotrope]
reversed phase, ion exchange, normal phase, ligand
A log entry type is a classification datum that classifies a log entry in a log. [Allotrope]
A signature role type is a classification datum that classifies the signature role of some signature. [Allotrope]
An ASM converter is a software used to convert data into the Allotrope Simple Model format. [Allotrope]
An ADF converter is a software used to convert data into the Allotrope Data Format. [Allotrope]
An impurity type is a classification datum that classifies a peak by the impurity role played by the substance it is a proxy for in the chromatographic process. [Allotrope]
A data format conversion software is a software the converts data into a specified target format. [Allotrope]
A software name is a name of some software. [Allotrope]
An error is a description of a discrepancy between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition. [NCI]
A processing enabled setting is a data processing setting that allows data processing to occur. [Allotrope]
peak symmetry factor measured at 5 % peak height
peak symmetry factor measured at 5% peak height
A chromatography peak facet equivalent to the ratio of the time or volume from the center point of a peak to its fronting edge divided by the entire width of the peak at 5% of the peak height. [Allotrope]
number of theoretical plates by peak width at half height (JP14)
number of theoretical plates by JP14 method
The number of theoretical plates calculated based on the peak width measured at half height, adjusted to use 5.55 as the square of the standard deviation in accordance with JP14. [Allotrope]
Japanese Pharmacopeia previously required use of a different constant value to the one currently used in alignment with European Pharmacopeia for the square of the standard deviation in this method. This term represents results calculated using that alternate constant value.
column compartment setting (chromatography)
A parameter specification specific to the column compartment in the chromatography system. [Allotrope]
A calibration curve identifier is an identifier that identifies a particular calibration curve. [Allotrope]
A standard identifier is an identifier that identifies a standard being measured. [Allotrope]
minimum peak detection slope setting (chromatography)
A minimum peak detection slope setting is a data processing setting that defines the minimum slope of the signal (rate of change of the signal per acquisition time) at or above which the start of a peak is detected. [Allotrope]
A void volume is the volume occupied by the mobile phase between the particles in the packed section of a column. [IUPAC]
In gas chromatography, the symbol V_G may be used for the interparticle volume of the column. In the ideal case, neglecting any extra-column volume, V_G is equal to the corrected gas hold-up volume (V0_M). V_G = V0_M = V_M [IUPAC]
In liquid chromatography, the interparticle volume is equal to the mobile-phase hold-up volume (V_M) in the ideal case, neglecting any extra-column volume. [IUPAC]
An amount of substance (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some amount of substance. [Allotrope]
A seal initiation temperature is the temperature at which a seal is initiated, determined by the seal's strength reaching 4 Newtons. [Allotrope]
A dissolution vessel identifier is an identifier that identifies some dissolution vessel. [Allotrope]
A bath identifier is an identifier that identifies some bath. [Allotrope]
A sampling time is an elapsed time at which a sample was taken from a process measured from the start of that process. [Allotrope]
suitability calculations enabled setting
A suitability calculations enabled setting is a data processing setting that indicates if system suitability results are to be calculated. [Allotrope]
unknown suitability calculations enabled setting
An unknown suitability calculations enabled setting is a data processing setting that indicates if system suitability results are to be calculated for unknowns. [Allotrope]
A suitability pharmacopoeia setting is a data processing setting that indicates which pharmacopoeia calculation methods are to be used. [Allotrope]
half height multiplier plate count setting (USP)
A half height multiplier plate count setting (USP) is a data processing setting that indicates at which peak height the USP plate count should be calculated. [Allotrope]
half height multiplier resolution setting (USP)
A half height multiplier resolution setting (USP) is a data processing setting that indicates at which peak height the USP resolution should be calculated. [Allotrope]
signal to noise calculation enabled setting
A signal to noise calculation enabled setting is a data processing setting that indicates if signal to noise results are to be calculated. [Allotrope]
blank injection noise calculation setting
A blank injection noise calculation setting is a data processing setting that indicates that a blank injection is to be used for calculating baseline noise. [Allotrope]
half height multiplier signal to noise setting (USP)
A half height multiplier signal to noise setting (USP) is a data processing setting that indicates the half height multiplier that is to be used in determining the baseline region for calculating noise in USP S/N calculations. [Allotrope]
half height multiplier signal to noise setting (EP)
A half height multiplier signal to noise setting (EP) is a data processing setting that indicates the half height multiplier that is to be used in determining the baseline region for calculating noise in EP S/N calculations. [Allotrope]
half height multiplier signal to noise setting (JP)
A half height multiplier signal to noise setting (JP) is a data processing setting that indicates the half height multiplier that is to be used in determining the baseline region for calculating noise in JP S/N calculations. [Allotrope]
A noise type is a classification datum that classifies the type of noise being measured. [Allotrope]
baseline noise minimum runtime percentage setting
A baseline noise minimum runtime percentage setting is a data processing setting that indicates the minimal duration for calculating the baseline noise as a percentage of the run time. [Allotrope]
A maximum allowable noise setting is a data processing setting that indicates the maximum allowed noise value for measured noise in order for a run to be deemed valid. [Allotrope]
maximum allowable baseline drift setting
A maximum allowable baseline drift setting is a data processing setting that indicates the maximum allowed drift value for measured signal in order for a run to be deemed valid. [Allotrope]
A baseline noise minimum duration setting is a data processing setting that indicates the minimum duration that can be used to measure the baseline noise. [Allotrope]
A method version is a version number that identifies a method. [Allotrope]
A dispensing duration is a duration that indicates the time taken for a material to be dispensed. [Allotrope]
A dispensed volume is a volume (datum) that quantifies the volume of material that was dispensed. [Allotrope]
A torque is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some torque. [Allotrope]
A rotational speed is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some rotational speed. [Allotrope]
A location identifier is an identifier that identifies some location or site. [Allotrope]
A plate reader aggregate document is a document that aggregates plate reader documents. [Allotrope]
A plate reader document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some plate reader run. [Allotrope]
A foam height aggregate document is a document that aggregates foam height documents. [Allotrope]
A foam height document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some foam height run. [Allotrope]
A foam qualification aggregate document is a document that aggregates foam qualification documents. [Allotrope]
A foam qualification document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some foam qualification run. [Allotrope]
A gloss aggregate document is a document that aggregates gloss documents. [Allotrope]
A gloss document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some gloss run. [Allotrope]
A hot tack aggregate document is a document that aggregates hot tack documents. [Allotrope]
A hot tack document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some hot tack run. [Allotrope]
A tensile test aggregate document is a document that aggregates tensile test documents. [Allotrope]
A tensile test document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some tensile test run. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a mass spectrum. [Allotrope]
A custom information aggregate document is a document that aggregates custom information documents. [Allotrope]
A cell counting aggregate document is a document that aggregates cell counting documents. [Allotrope]
A cell counting document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a cell counting run. [Allotrope]
An illumination setting is a setting that specifies the intensity of some illumination. [Allotrope]
An exposure duration setting is a setting that specifies the duration of some exposure. [Allotrope]
A minimum cell diameter setting is a data processing setting that specifies the minimum diameter used to identify a cell in a cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
A maximum cell diameter setting is a data processing setting that specifies the maximum diameter used to identify a cell in a cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Dead cell density is a cell counter result data that quantifies the number density of the dead cells in the sample in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
average dead cell diameter (cell counter)
Average dead cell diameter is a cell counter result data that states the average diameter of the dead cells measured. [Allotrope]
An average total cell circularity is a cell counter result datum that quantifies the circularity of all cells in a cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
An average viable cell circularity is a cell counter result datum that quantifies the circularity of all viable cells in a cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
An image aggregate document is a document that aggregates image documents. [Allotrope]
A fluorescent tag setting is a setting that specifies the fluorescent tag being targeted. [Allotrope]
Fluorescent tag positive cell count is a cell counter result data that states the number of fluorescent tag positive cells that were counted in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
Fluorescent tag positive cell density is a cell counter result data that quantifies the number density of the fluorescent tag positive cells in the sample in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
A fluorescent tag positive percentage is a cell counter result datum that quantifies the percentage of fluorescent tag positive cells in the sample in the cell counting assay. [Allotrope]
A circularity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the two-dimensional roundness of an entity. [Allotrope]
A fluorescent tag identifier is an identifier for the type of molecules having the role of fluorescent tag. [Allotrope]
An analyte identifier is an identifier that identifies some material with the role of analyte. [Allotrope]
A mass chromatogram data cube is a data cube that is a representation of some mass chromatogram. [Allotrope]
three-dimensional mass spectrum data cube
three dimensional mass spectrum data cube
A three-dimensional mass spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a three-dimensional mass spectrum. [Allotrope]
A peak assignment identifier is an identifier that identifies some material with the role of analyte that the peak is assigned to represent. [Allotrope]
A peak group identifier is an identifier that identifiers some peak group. [Allotrope]
A peak slope at start is a peak facet that denotes the slope of the baseline at the peak start. [Allotrope]
chromatographic peak resolution using Foley-Dorsey method
A chromatographic peak resolution that is calculated using peak widths from the Foley Dorsey equation for asymmetric peaks. [Allotrope]
chromatographic peak resolution using peak widths at 4.4 % height
chromatographic peak resolution using peak widths at 4.4% height
A chromatographic peak resolution that is calculated using peak widths at 4.4 % peak height. [Allotrope]
A zeroth order raw moment is a descriptive statistic that denotes the area under the curve of a distribution. [Allotrope]
Kurtosis is a descriptive statistic that is a measure of the tailedness of a distribution. [Wikipedia]
A mass spectrum identifier is an identifier that identifies some mass spectrum. [Allotrope]
An ultraviolet-visible spectrum identifier is an identifier that identifies some ultraviolet-visible spectrum. [Allotrope]
A well plate identifier is an identifier that identifies some well plate. [Allotrope]
A calculated data aggregate document is a document that aggregates calculated data documents. [Allotrope]
A calculated data document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some calculation. [Allotrope]
A calculated data name is a written name that denotes the data output of some calculation. [Allotrope]
A calculated result is a mathematical object that is the data output of some calculation. [Allotrope]
A calculated data identifier is an identifier that identifies the data output of some calculation. [Allotrope]
A data source aggregate document is a document that aggregates data source documents. [Allotrope]
A data source document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some data with the role of data input. [Allotrope]
A data source identifier is an identifier that identifies some data with the role of data input. [Allotrope]
A processed data identifier is an identifier that identifies the data output of some data transformation.. [Allotrope]
A data source feature is a facet that defines the feature with the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of some data with the role of data input. [Allotrope]
A qPCR aggregate document is a document that aggregates qPCR documents. [Allotrope]
A qPCR document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some qPCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A total cycle number setting is a control setting that specifies the number of cycles to run in some repeated process. [Allotrope]
A denaturing temperature setting is a temperature setting that specifies the intended temperature of some denaturing process. [Allotrope]
A denaturing duration setting is a duration setting that specifies the intended duration of some denaturing process. [Allotrope]
An annealing temperature setting is a temperature setting that specifies the intended temperature of some annealing process. [Allotrope]
An annealing duration setting is a duration setting that specifies the intended duration of some annealing process. [Allotrope]
A primer extension temperature setting is a temperature setting that specifies the intended temperature of some primer extension process. [Allotrope]
A primer extension duration setting is a duration setting that specifies the intended duration of some primer extension process. [Allotrope]
A genotyping qPCR method identifier is an identifier that identifies the method used for some genotyping qPCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A genotyping qPCR method setting is a control setting that specifies the threshold of some genotyping qPCR experiment. [Allotrope]
genotyping qualitative polymerase chain reaction result
A genotyping qPCR result is an assay result that is output of a genotyping qPCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A reporter data cube is a data cube that represents a plot of reporter dye result against cycle. [Allotrope]
A passive reference dye data cube is a data cube that represents a plot of passive reference dye result against cycle. [Allotrope]
A melting curve data cube is a data cube that represents a plot of fluorescence against temperature. [Allotrope]
A reference DNA description is a description that describes the DNA target of a reference gene or endogenous control within the PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A reference sample description is a description that describes some material with the role of reference sample. [Allotrope]
A first order raw moment is a descriptive statistic that denotes the mean of a distribution. [Allotrope]
Allotrope Simple Model conversion document
An ASM conversion document is a data processing document that encompasses the information associated with an ASM conversion process. [Allotrope]
A group identifier is an identifier that identifies some collection or group. [Allotrope]
A solution analyzer aggregate document is a document that aggregates solution analyzer documents. [Allotrope]
A solution analyzer document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some solution analyzer run. [Allotrope]
A carbon dioxide saturation is a ratio of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide to the barometric pressure, expressed as a percentage. [Allotrope]
An oxygen saturation is a ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen to the barometric pressure, expressed as a percentage. [Allotrope]
pCO2 is a partial pressure that quantifies the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in solution. [Allotrope]
pO2 is a partial pressure that quantifies the partial pressure of oxygen gas dissolved in solution. [Allotrope]
A PCR aggregate document is a document that aggregates PCR documents. [Allotrope]
A PCR document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
A total partition count is a count of the number of partitions detected during a measurement. [Allotrope]
fluorescence intensity threshold setting
A fluorescence intensity threshold setting is a data processing setting that sets the fluorescence threshold value for objects within a measurement to be considered positive for a reporter. [Allotrope]
A positive partition count is a count of the number of partitions classified as being positive relative to a threshold. [Allotrope]
A negative partition count is a count of the number of partitions classified as being negative relative to a threshold. [Allotrope]
A reference DNA copy number is a PCR result specifying the DNA copy number of a reference gene or endogenous control within a PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
An image count setting is a control setting that specifies the number of images to be collected in the acquisition process. [Allotrope]
A sampling depth setting is a control setting that specifies the focal depth of a probing signal. [Allotrope]
A probe volume is the volume of a sample actively being measured by a detector or probe. [Allotrope]
A number concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a concentration defined as the number of entities of a constituent in a mixture divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
A spectrophotometry aggregate document is a document that aggregates spectrophotometry documents. [Allotrope]
A spectrophotometry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some spectrophotometry run. [Allotrope]
A cell path length setting is a control setting that specifies some cell path length. [Allotrope]
An attenuation coefficient setting is a control setting that specifies some attenuation coefficient. [Allotrope]
multi analyte profiling aggregate document
A multi analyte profiling aggregate document is a document that aggregates multi analyte profiling documents. [Allotrope]
A multi analyte profiling document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some multi analyte profiling run. [Allotrope]
minimum assay bead count threshold setting
A minimum assay bead count threshold setting is a control setting that specifies the threshold value for assay bead counts to be reported. [Allotrope]
An assay bead count is a count of the number of assay beads. [Allotrope]
An assay bead identifier is an identifier that identifies some assay bead or beads. [Allotrope]
A stress aggregate document is a document that is about a collection of stress documents. [Allotrope]
A stress document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a stress. [Allotrope]
A mass attenuation coefficient setting is a control setting that specifies some mass attenuation coefficient. [Allotrope]
A molar attenuation coefficient setting is a control setting that specifies some molar attenuation coefficient. [Allotrope]
A mass attenuation coefficient is an attenuation coefficient where the concentration is a mass concentration. [Allotrope]
An error aggregate document is a document that aggregates error documents. [Allotrope]
An error document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some error. [Allotrope]
An error feature is a facet that defines the feature with the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of some data with the role of error. [Allotrope]
temperature monitoring aggregate document
A temperature monitoring aggregate document is a document that aggregates temperature monitoring documents. [Allotrope]
A temperature monitoring document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a temperature measurement. [Allotrope]
A stirring aggregate document is a document that aggregates stirring documents. [Allotrope]
A stirring document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a stirring process. [Allotrope]
A pressure monitoring aggregate document is a document that aggregates pressure monitoring documents. [Allotrope]
A pressure monitoring document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a pressure measurement. [Allotrope]
A pH monitoring aggregate document is a document that aggregates pH monitoring documents. [Allotrope]
A pH monitoring document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a pH measurement. [Allotrope]
An absorption profile is a profile that quantifies the optical spectrometry absorbance of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
An absorption profile data cube is a data cube that represents an absorption profile. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence emission profile is a profile that quantifies the fluorescence emission of a material entity over time. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence emission profile data cube is a data cube that represents a fluorescence emission profile. [Allotrope]
solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy aggregate document
solution-state NMR spectroscopy aggregate document
A solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy aggregate document is a document that aggregates solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance documents. [Allotrope]
solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy document
solution-state NMR spectroscopy document
A solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy run. [Allotrope]
An ASM file is a file that conforms to the Allotrope Simple Model specification. [Allotrope]
An ASM file identifier is an identifier that identifies some ASM file. [Allotrope]
A nuclear magnetic resonance frequency is the frequency at which NMR active nuclei absorb electromagnetic radiation. It is characteristic of the isotope and is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field of the instrument. [Wikipedia]
A nuclear magnetic resonance solvent type is a classification datum that classifies the solvent used in a solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance assay. [Allotrope]
A nuclear magnetic resonance setting is a setting that specifies some configuration of a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. [Allotrope]
A spectral width setting is a nuclear magnetic resonance setting that describes the range over which data is to be collected. [Allotrope]
A pulse sequence setting is a nuclear magnetic resonance setting that describes a series of radio frequency pulses applied to the sample, such that the free induction decay is related to the characteristic frequencies of the desired signals. [Wikipedia]
A pulse duration setting is a nuclear magnetic resonance setting that specifies the duration of time the NMR applies the radio pulse per scan in order to flip the spin states of the active nuclei to be measured. [Allotrope]
A relaxation delay setting is a nuclear magnetic resonance setting that specifies the duration of time the NMR allocates for the nuclei spin states to return to their original state after being exposed to the radio pulse. [Allotrope]
A presaturation frequency setting is a nuclear magnetic resonance setting that specifies the frequency of an initial low power pulse generally applied to suppress the signal associated with the solvent. [Allotrope]
A free induction decay spectrum data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a free induction decay spectrum. [Allotrope]
A free induction decay spectrum is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum that quantifies the combined decay of aligned nuclear spins after excitation with a short radio-frequency pulse (data before the Fourier transform to the frequency domain). [Allotrope]
frequency independent phase correction setting
A zero-order phase adjustment setting is a data processing setting to counter the linear phase shift effect of delay time δ on an NMR signal. [Allotrope]
frequency dependent phase correction setting
A first-order phase adjustment setting is a data processing setting to counter the effect that different resonances in a spectrum may not experience the same flip angle from magnetization. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance multiplet aggregate document
An NMR multiplet aggregate document is a document that aggregates NMR multiplet documents. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance multiplet document
An NMR multiplet document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an NMR multiplet. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance multiplet type
An NMR multiplet type is a classification datum that classifies a multiplet in a nuclear magnetic resonance assay. [Allotrope]
A J-coupling aggregate document is a document that aggregates J-coupling documents. [Allotrope]
A J-coupling document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a J-coupling. [Allotrope]
An inversion enabled setting is a data processing setting specifying if a complex-conjugate of the data is performed before the protocol and FT is applied. [Allotrope]
A data shuffling algorithm setting is a data processing setting specifying the algorithm used to process phase sensitive two-dimensional spectra. [Allotrope]
A quadrature setting is a data processing setting to distinguish the negative frequencies from the positive ones by the detection and summation of the in-phase and ninety degree out-of-phase magnetizations (two-channel mode). [Allotrope]
A real Fourier transform enabled setting is a data processing setting specifying that a real Fourier Transform is executed as opposed to the conventional Discreet Fourier Transform. [Allotrope]
A swap IR II enabled setting is a data processing setting specifying that the IR and II quadrants are swapped before performing the Fourier transform to cover Relay_CH coefficients 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1. [Allotrope]
A change II sign enabled setting is a data processing setting specifying that the sign of the II quadrant is flipped before the Fourier transform to cover Relay_2CH coefficients 1 0 -1 0 0 1 0 -1. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance tube document
A nuclear magnetic resonance tube document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a nuclear magnetic resonance tube. [Allotrope]
A relative abundance is a quality quantification facet quantifying the relative number of atoms of a particular isotope in a mixture of the isotope of an element, expressed as a fraction of all the atoms of the element. [Allotrope]
An expected peak position is a prediction that indicates the position of a peak as predicted by theory and/or historical data. [Allotrope]
A frequency setting is a setting that specifies some frequency. [Allotrope]
A maximum frequency setting is a setting that specifies the upper limit of some frequency. [Allotrope]
A minimum frequency setting is a setting that specifies the lower limit of some frequency. [Allotrope]
multi-dimensional free induction decay spectrum data cube
multi-dimensional FID spectrum data cube
multi-dimensional free induction decay data cube
A multi-dimensional free induction decay spectrum data cube is a representation of a free induction decay spectrum with more than one dimension. [Allotrope]
multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum data cube
multi-dimensional NMR spectrum data cube
A multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum data cube is a representation of a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum with more than one dimension. [Allotrope]
A dimension type is a classification datum that classifies a dimension as directly or indirectly measured. [Allotrope]
A dimension identifier is an identifier that identifies some dimension. [Allotrope]
A J-coupling constant is a data region facet that quantifies the horizontal distance on a spectrum between two peaks in the same NMR multiplet. [Allotrope]
A data region identifier is an identifier that identifies some data region. [Allotrope]
A data region name is a written name that denotes some data region. [Allotrope]
A data region start is a data region facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the region. [Allotrope]
A data region end is a data region facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the region. [Allotrope]
A data region area is a data region facet that quantitates the area enclosed by a data region and the selected baseline. [Allotrope]
A relative data region area is a data region facet that denotes the area of the data region relative to some other region or summation of regions. [Allotrope]
A baseline value at start of data region is a data region facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a data region at the region start. [Allotrope]
A baseline value at end of data region is a data region facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a data region at the region end. [Allotrope]
A data region value at start is a data region facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the region. [Allotrope]
A data region value at end is a data region facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the region. [Allotrope]
An electrophoresis aggregate document is a document that aggregates electrophoresis documents. [Allotrope]
An electrophoresis document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an electrophoresis run. [Allotrope]
An electropherogram data cube is a data cube that represents an electropherogram. [Allotrope]
A derived electropherogram is derived from the outcome of an electrophoresis run and reports the response of the detector as a function of a derived unit. [Allotrope]
A derived electropherogram data cube is a data cube that represents a derived electropherogram. [Allotrope]
A polymer length is a length datum that quantifies the length of some polymer. [Allotrope]
A data region facet is a facet that is part of a data region. [Allotrope]
A data region describes a part of a data distribution function at a definite range of the experimental parameter (independent variable) of the distribution function. This definition includes a single data point of the distribution function. [Allotrope]
A data region point is a data point that is a member of a data region. [Allotrope]
A data region start point is the data point of the region with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
A data region end point is the data point of the region with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
An osmolality aggregate document is a document that aggregates osmolality documents. [Allotrope]
An osmolality document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an osmolality run. [Allotrope]
A weighing aggregate document is a document that aggregates weighing documents. [Allotrope]
A weighing document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a weighing. [Allotrope]
An electronic signature aggregate document is a document that aggregates electronic signature documents. [Allotrope]
A chromatography column separation mode is a classification datum that classifies a column by the type of chromatography it supports. [Allotrope]
A stationary phase document is a document that encapsulates the information associated with a stationary phase. [Allotrope]
A substrate document is a document that encapsulates the information associated with a substrate. [Allotrope]
A substrate permeability type is a classification datum that classifies the permeability of a substrate. [Allotrope]
A substrate material description is a description of the material used in a substrate. [Allotrope]
A phase chemistry type is a classification datum that classifies the chemistry of some stationary phase. [Allotrope]
An acidity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the acidity of a chromatographic stationary phase. [Allotrope]
A basicity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the basicity of a chromatographic stationary phase. [Allotrope]
hydrophobicity (hydrophobic subtraction)
A hydrophobicity is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the hydrophobicity of a chromatographic stationary phase. [Allotrope]
steric resistance (hydrophobic subtraction)
A steric resistance is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the steric resistance of a chromatographic stationary phase. [Allotrope]
polarizability (hydrophobic subtraction)
A polarizability is the quality quantification facet that quantifies the polarizability of a chromatographic stationary phase. [Allotrope]
An automated reactor aggregate document is a document that aggregates automated reactor documents. [Allotrope]
An automated reactor document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an automated reactor run. [Allotrope]
A capability aggregate document is a document that aggregates capability documents. [Allotrope]
A capability document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some capability. [Allotrope]
A capability feature is a facet that defines the feature with the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of some data with the role of specified capability. [Allotrope]
A number of scans setting is a setting that specifies the number of scans scans that are taken as part of or aggregated into a single measurement. [Allotrope]
multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum is a spectrum with multiple dimensions that shows the response of spin-active nuclei to radio frequency radiation in an applied magnetic field. [CHMO]
multi-dimensional free induction decay spectrum
A multi-dimensional free induction decay spectrum is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum with multiple dimensions that quantifies the combined decay of aligned nuclear spins after excitation with a short radio-frequency pulse (data before the Fourier transform to the frequency domain. [Allotrope]
An analysis sequence document is a document that encompasses the information associated with an analysis sequence. [Allotrope]
A data region aggregate aggregate document is a document that aggregates data region documents. [Allotrope]
A data region document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a data region. [Allotrope]
A distribution aggregate document is a document that aggregates distribution documents. [Allotrope]
A distribution identifier is an identifier that identifies some distribution. [Allotrope]
A rheometry aggregate document is a document that aggregates rheometry documents. [Allotrope]
A rheometry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with a rheometry run. [Allotrope]
A measurement chamber document is a document that encapsulates the information associated with a measurement chamber. [Allotrope]
A measurement chamber type is a classification datum that classifies some measurement chamber. [Allotrope]
A gap length is a length that quantifies the length of some gap between two surfaces. [Allotrope]
A radius is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some radius. [Allotrope]
A cup radius is a radius that quantifies the radius of some cup. [Allotrope]
A bob radius is a radius that quantifies the radius of some bob. [Allotrope]
A truncation is a length that quantifies the gap between the tip of a cone and a flat surface in a rheometry experiment. [Allotrope]
A rheometry data cube is a data cube that is a representation of a rheometry curve. [Allotrope]
A rheometry curve is a data distribution function that is the plot of the rheological properties of some fluid. [Allotrope]
A peak type is a classification datum that classifies a peak by the role played by the substance it is a proxy for in some process. [Allotrope]
electronic spectrometry aggregate document
A electronic spectrometry aggregate document is a document that aggregates electronic spectrometry documents. [Allotrope]
A electronic spectrometry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some electronic spectrometry run. [Allotrope]
An illumination mode setting is a control setting specifying the approach used in some illumination. [Allotrope]
An auto focus enabled setting is a control setting that activates or deactivates automatic focusing of some image capture. [Allotrope]
binding affinity assay aggregate document
A binding affinity assay aggregate document is a document that aggregates binding affinity assay documents. [Allotrope]
A binding affinity assay document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some binding affinity assay. [Allotrope]
A receptor name is a name that denotes some receptor. [Allotrope]
A flow cell identifier is an identifier that identifies some flow cell. [Allotrope]
A contact duration setting is a duration setting that specifies how long materials should remain in contact. [Allotrope]
A flow path setting is a control setting that specifies the path a material takes as it moves through the flow cell. [Allotrope]
An association rate constant is the rate at which molecules bind together to form complexes. [Allotrope]
A dissociation rate constant is the rate at which bound complexes dissociate into their constituent molecules. [Allotrope]
An equilibrium dissociation constant is the ratio of association rate constant to dissociation rate constant. [Allotrope]
A maximum binding capacity is the maximum response registered when all receptors are bound. [Allotrope]
A sensor chip document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some sensor chip. [Allotrope]
A sensor chip identifier is an identifier that identifies some sensor chip. [Allotrope]
electronic lab notebook entry aggregate document
An electronic lab notebook entry aggregate document is a document that aggregates electronic lab notebook entry documents. [Allotrope]
A electronic lab notebook entry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some electronic lab notebook entry. [Allotrope]
electronic lab notebook entry identifier
An electronic lab notebook entry identifier is an identifier that identifies some electronic lab notebook entry. [Allotrope]
An electronic lab notebook entry name is a written name that denotes some electronic lab notebook entry. [Allotrope]
An electronic lab notebook entry type is a classification datum that classifies some electronic lab notebook entry. [Allotrope]
electronic lab notebook entry state type
An electronic lab notebook entry state type is a classification datum that classifies the state of some electronic lab notebook entry. [Allotrope]
A parent identifier is an identifier that identifies the parent of some entity. [Allotrope]
A parent name is a written name that denotes the parent of some entity. [Allotrope]
An owner is an identifier that identifies the person or group accountable for some entity. [Allotrope]
An author is an identifier that identifies the person or group who created some information content entity. [Allotrope]
An editor is an identifier that identifies the person or group who modified some information content entity. [Allotrope]
A molecular structure aggregate document is a document that aggregates molecular structure documents. [Allotrope]
A molecular structure document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some molecular structure. [Allotrope]
A molecular structure identifier is an identifier that identifies some molecular structure. [Allotrope]
A section aggregate document is a document that aggregates section documents. [Allotrope]
A section document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some section. [Allotrope]
A section identifier is an identifier that identifies some section. [Allotrope]
A section name is a written name that denotes some section. [Allotrope]
A field aggregate document is a document that aggregates field documents. [Allotrope]
A field document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some field. [Allotrope]
A field identifier is an identifier that identifies some field. [Allotrope]
A field name is a written name that denotes some field. [Allotrope]
A field type is a classification datum that classifies the content and intended usage of some field. [Allotrope]
A table aggregate document is a document that aggregates table documents. [Allotrope]
A table document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some table. [Allotrope]
A table identifier is an identifier that identifies some table. [Allotrope]
A table name is a written name that denotes some table. [Allotrope]
A table cell aggregate document is a document that aggregates table cell documents. [Allotrope]
A table cell document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some table cell. [Allotrope]
A table cell identifier is an identifier that identifies some table cell. [Allotrope]
A table cell name is a written name that denotes some table cell. [Allotrope]
A property aggregate document is a document that aggregates property documents. [Allotrope]
A property document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some property. [Allotrope]
A property name is a written name that denotes some property. [Allotrope]
A property type is a classification datum that classifies some property. [Allotrope]
A unit symbol is a symbol that denotes some unit. [Allotrope]
A row index is the index of a table cell with respect to the rows of the table containing that table cell. [Allotrope]
A column index is the index of a table cell with respect to the columns of the table containing that table cell. [Allotrope]
A hidden flag is a flag indicating that some data is not to be displayed. [Allotrope]
A media type is a classification datum classifying the content format of some data. [Allotrope]
A file aggregate document is a document that aggregates file documents. [Allotrope]
A file document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some file. [Allotrope]
A audit trail aggregate document is a document that aggregates audit trail documents. [Allotrope]
A audit trail document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some audit trail. [Allotrope]
A data modification type is a classification datum classifying the modifications made to some data. [Allotrope]
A comment author is an author of some comment. [Allotrope]
A comment time is the creation time of some comment. [Allotrope]
A section is a collection of information content entities in an electronic lab notebook entry with a shared descriptive purpose. [Allotrope]
A field is a collection of information content entities in an electronic lab notebook entry with a common representation form. [Allotrope]
A property is a facet in an electronic lab notebook entry capturing the information about some value and its representation form. [Allotrope]
A table cell is a facet of a table representing the intersection of a column and a row. [Allotrope]
An electronic lab notebook entry is an electronic record that is stored in an electronic lab notebook. [Allotrope]
An action type is a classification datum that classifies some action. [Allotrope]
An action time is the time when some action was performed. [Allotrope]
An agent is an identifier that identifies the agent performing some action. [Allotrope]
A datum aggregate document is a document that aggregates datum documents. [Allotrope]
A datum document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some scalar datum. [Allotrope]
A string format type is a classification datum that classifies the format of some scalar string datum. [Allotrope]
A resonance is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some resonance. [Allotrope]
A flow cytometry aggregate document is a document that aggregates flow cytometry documents. [Allotrope]
A flow cytometry document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some flow cytometry run. [Allotrope]
A compensation matrix aggregate document is a document that aggregates compensation matrix documents. [Allotrope]
A compensation matrix document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some compensation matrix. [Allotrope]
A matrix aggregate document is a document that aggregates matrix documents. [Allotrope]
A matrix document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some matrix. [Allotrope]
A compensation value is a ratio of the fluorescence of a spillover measurement to the primary fluorescence measurement. [Allotrope]
A data region type is a classification datum that classifies some data region. [Allotrope]
An x-coordinate dimension identifier is an identifier that identifies the dimension acting as the first dimension or x-coordinate. [Allotrope]
A y-coordinate dimension identifier is an identifier that identifies the dimension acting as the second dimension or y-coordinate. [Allotrope]
A vertex aggregate document is a document that aggregates vertex documents. [Allotrope]
A vertex document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some vertex. [Allotrope]
A vertex type is a classification datum that classifies the role of some vertex. [Allotrope]
A population aggregate document is a document that aggregates population documents. [Allotrope]
A population document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some population. [Allotrope]
A population identifier is an identifier that identifies some population. [Allotrope]
A compensation matrix is a matrix of compensation values used to correct for fluorescent spillover. [Allotrope]
A vertex is a point that is the intersection of two edges. [Allotrope]
An ASM conversion time is a time when a conversion to the Allotrope Simple Model starts. [Allotrope]
A dissolved amount is an assay result that is the amount of a solute dissolved in some dissolving process. [Allotrope]
A dissolved percentage is a calculated result that is the percentage of some sample weight that was dissolved in some dissolving process. [Allotrope]
A population proportion is a ratio quantification facet that quantifies the ratio of a population to some other specified population. [Allotrope]
population proportion aggregate document
A population proportion aggregate document is a document that aggregates population proportion documents. [Allotrope]
A population proportion document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some population proportion. [Allotrope]
A regression aggregate document is a document that aggregates regression documents. [Allotrope]
A regression document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some regression. [Allotrope]
A regression identifier is an identifier that identifies some regression. [Allotrope]
A regression point aggregate document is a document that aggregates regression point documents. [Allotrope]
A regression point document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some point in a regression. [Allotrope]
A regression feature is an facet that defines the feature with the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of some data with the role of dependent variable in some regression processing. [Allotrope]
A regression type is a classification datum that classifies some regression. [Allotrope]
A regression equation is a description that describes the formula for some regression. [Allotrope]
A parameter aggregate document is a document that aggregates parameter documents. [Allotrope]
A parameter document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some parameter. [Allotrope]
A parameter identifier is an identifier that identifies some parameter. [Allotrope]
A parameter datum is a scalar double datum that quantifies the value of some mathematical parameter. [Allotrope]
A regression residuals data cube is a data cube that represents the residuals from some regression. [Allotrope]
A regression is a function that estimates the relationship between dependent and independent variables. [Allotrope]
material transformation aggregate document
A material transformation aggregate document is a document that aggregates material transformation documents. [Allotrope]
A material transformation document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some material transformation. [Allotrope]
A material transformation identifier is an identifier that identifies some material transformation. [Allotrope]
A quantity type is an classification datum that classifies some quantity value. [Allotrope]
A standard name is an written name that denotes some standard. [Allotrope]
A polarization orientation setting is a control setting that specifies the polarization orientation of some detector. [Allotrope]
A polarization orientation code is a code that indicates a polarization orientation. [Allotrope]
A fragmentation aggregate document is a document that aggregates fragmentation documents. [Allotrope]
A fragmentation document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some fragmentation. [Allotrope]
An isolation window lower limit is a quality quantification facet that describes the lower limit on the isolation window of some mass spectrometry scan. [Allotrope]
An isolation window upper limit is a quality quantification facet that describes the upper limit on the isolation window of some mass spectrometry scan. [Allotrope]
A precursor ion aggregate document is a document that aggregates precursor ion documents. [Allotrope]
A precursor ion document is a document that encompasses the information associated with some precursor ion. [Allotrope]
An isolation window is a quality quantification facet that describes a range of m/z values which is filtered in a mass spectrometry run to examine some ion of interest via fragmentation. [Allotrope]
An absorbance area scan data cube is a data cube that represents an absorbance area scan. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence area scan data cube is a data cube that represents a fluorescence area scan. [Allotrope]
An absorbance area scan is a data distribution function of the absorbance of a material entity scanned over a predefined area. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence area scan is a data distribution function of the fluorescence of a material entity scanned over a predefined area. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrum level is a count of the current stage in a multiple-stage mass spectrometry process. [Allotrope]
Analyst is the role of a person which is an agent in the process of examination. [Allotrope]
Condition role is a contextual role of an information object that specifies a prerequisite. [Allotrope]
Controller role is a controlling role of some material entity that is controlling some other object or a process. [Allotrope]
Denominator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number of equal parts into which the unit is divided. [Allotrope]
An identifier role is the contextual role of an information content entity that identifies another entity. [Allotrope]
Sowa, Knowledge Representation, Brooks Cole Publishing Co., 2000
2018-07-23 Removed parent class, same as this. [Allotrope]
A general role if its bearer is the input of the process that realizes the role. The bearer exists at the beginning of the process but not necessarily at its end. [Allotrope]
An interpolation is the contextual role of a quantity or number that has been the result of an interpolation. [Allotrope]
Material input is a role of a material that is an input in a process. [Allotrope]
Mobile phase is the chromatographic phase role of a fluid material entity in a chromatography process to act as the fluid that percolates through or along the stationary bed in chromatography. [Allotrope, CHMO]
Name role is a contextual role of an information content entity that refers to an entity by a non-identifying designation. [Allotrope]
2018-07-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A nominal value is a contextual role of an information content entity that states an asserted value, that is assumed to be true. [Allotrope]
Numerator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number which is to be divided into equal parts. [Allotrope]
Objective role is the contextual role of an information object that describes an intent or purpose which is a situation at the process end point. [Allotrope]
2018-07-31 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
An operating maximum is the contextual role of a description or specification of an upper bound of quality of a system or environment during the operation of the system. [Allotrope]
2018-07-31 Changed pref label and definition, and moved to AFO. [Allotrope]
An operating range is the contextual role of a description or specification about a operating situation (qualities of a system or its environment) during the normal operation of the system. [Allotrope]
A general role if its bearer is the output of the process that realizes the role. The bearer exists at the end of the process but not necessarily at its beginning. [Allotrope]
2018-12-19 Added alt labels. [Allotrope]
Parameter role is a data input role that is about some useful or critical characteristic of a particular system, for the purpose of identification, controlling, or evaluating the performance, status or conditions in the process. [Allotrope]
2019-10-02 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
Material that is undergoing a cleaning process. [Allotrope]
A role inhered by a participant that is a reference for qualitative or quantitative comparison in relation to other entities. [Allotrope]
2018-07-23 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A selected object is the selection role of the object that is selected from the selection target. [Allotrope]
2018-07-23 Made a defined class and moved to AFO. [Allotrope]
A device that is selected to perform a specific function in a process. [Allotrope]
2018-07-31 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
Setting datum is the contextual role of an information object that specifies some device or process setting. [Allotrope]
A snapshot is the contextual role of an information object that is about a point in time within the bounds of a process. [Allotrope]
A specification target is the role of a material entity that participates in a specifying process and is what the resulting specification is about. [Allotrope]
A stationary phase is the chromatographic phase role of a solid, gel or liquid material that is the stationary component in chromatography. [Allotrope]
Temporal mean is the contextual role of a quantity (quantity value or count) that describes a arithmetic mean of a quantity over time. [Allotrope]
Time segment is a contextual role of some information object that is about a temporal part in the context of representation of a process. [Allotrope]
A sample role is a type of role whose bearer is a material entity that is the output of a sampling. [Allotrope]
A contextual role that describes the way information is participating in some process from a causal dependency perspective. [Allotrope]
The role of some datum forming the maximum or minimum value in a range or collection of values. [Allotrope]
The role of a datum that is smaller than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]
The role of a datum that is greater than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]
Data output role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the output of a process. [Allotrope]
Data input role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the input of a process. [Allotrope]
An aggregation role is a contextual role of an information entity that is participant of an aggregation process. [Allotrope]
Aggregate role is the contextual role of an information content entity that is a collection of others. [Allotrope]
Member role is the contextual role of an information object that is member of some collection. [Allotrope]
A role of an information content entity that is meant to describe an object. [Allotrope]
A description of the cause-consequence relation of processes. [Allotrope]
Cause is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally dependent for another thing. [Allotrope]
Consequence is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally resultant from another thing. [Allotrope]
An invariant is the contextual role of an information object that is about a situation that does not change during the whole process. [Allotrope]
A post condition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can end or achieve its goal. [Allotrope]
A precondition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can start. [Allotrope]
A designative purpose is a type of contextual role of information artifacts that denote an entity in order to describe its characteristics. [Allotrope]
An index role is a contextual role of an information object that denotes to another object that is part of an aggregation and it is the data output of some indexing process. [Allotrope]
A directive purpose or specification role is a type of contextual role of information content entities that are about an entity with a purpose to give directions. [Allotrope]
Specified action is the role of information object that specifies an activity. [Allotrope]
Specified capability is the contextual role of an information object that specifies a capability. [Allotrope]
A specified quality is the contextual role of an information object that describes a quality as part of an specification. [Allotrope]
A specified situation is the contextual role of an information object that describes a portion of reality as part of a specification. [Allotrope]
Specified procedure is the contextual role of an information object that specifies a flow of activities. [Allotrope]
A contextual role of information that describes some social rules that are imposed on the use of some entity, that a member of the social community has to follow. [Allotrope]
A contextual role of information that is dependent on some temporal region or process boundary. [Allotrope]
A contextual role of information the describes an unexpected, unusual or unintended situation. [Allotrope]
2018-12-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A variable is the contextual role of some data that is part of some other data that is varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]
A dependent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents the outputs or outcomes whose variation is being studied. [Wikipedia]
An independent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents inputs or causes for variation of a dependent variable. In the experimental setting, the independent variable is controlled by the experimenter. Models and experiments test or determine the effects that the independent variables have on the dependent variables. [Wikipedia]
Specified profile is the contextual role of an information object that specifies a process profile. [Allotrope]
2018-07-19 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
A actual value is the contextual role of an information content entity that is the direct or indirect output of some observation and describes some quality. [Allotrope]
A site that is part of a system has the port role if a component is connected to other components or systems at the site and material or energy can flow at the site. [Allotrope]
A support role is a type of role whose bearer participates in a process in order to support the process so that it proceeds towards a secondary objective. [Allotrope]
2018-12-05 Moved to AFO to maintain single inheritence [Allotrope]
The role inhered in a material entity that sends the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]
The role inhered in a material entity that receives the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]
A transfer medium is the role of a material that carries the transferred flow. [Allotrope]
2019-05-13 Moved under continuant. [Allotrope]
A general role is either a role that is realized in a process or a contextual role in that process. [Allotrope]
This defined class covers roles as abstractions that can be borne by material and information entities.
At end is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the end of a process. [Allotrope]
At start is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the start of a process. [Allotrope]
During is the contextual role of an information object that is about something within a temporal range of a process. [Allotrope]
The role of a participant that delivers the necessary effects as active participant in the process to the operand. [Allotrope]
An granular part of an object aggregate that plays the role of a system. [Allotrope]
A role inhered when the presence of the bearer indicates the presence of the detection target in a detection process. [Allotrope]
Material output role is a role of a material that is participant at the end of a process. [Allotrope]
A role of an object aggregate that consists of multiple components that are causally integrated. [Allotrope]
Parts of a system that are a building a system on its own. [Allotrope]
2022-06-23 Change to subclasses to equivalent class. [Allotrope]
2022-06-23 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A transferring role is a localization role that is realized in some transferring process. [Allotrope]
Storage medium is the role of a material or site where something is stored. [Allotrope]
A role that is realized in some storing process. [Allotrope]
The selection target is the role of a participant in a selection process from which partitions are selected. [Allotrope]
One of the portions of material between which the components to be separated are distributed in chromatography. [CHMO]
The component of a system to be analyzed. [CHMO]
A system bond is the role of a site where two components are connected via their ports. At this site energy or material can flow. [Allotrope]
A role of a site where material or energy is outgoing from the component. [Allotrope]
A role of a site where material or energy is incoming into the component. [Allotrope]
The role of a material that is the flow by which means a linking process is established. [Allotrope]
A datum that is the result of some calculation. [Allotrope]
A derived measure is a measure that is the outcome of some indirect measurement. The derived value is derived from base measures by calculations following a formula or algorithm. [Allotrope]
A base measure is a measure that is the direct output of some measurement process. [Allotrope]
A measure is an actual value that is the direct or indirect outcome of some measurement and refers to some metric. [Allotrope]
A signal is a role of some material entity that disposed to provide information. In the physical world, any quantity exhibiting variation in time or variation in space (such as an image) is potentially a signal that might provide information on the status of a physical system, or convey a message between observers, among other possibilities. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]
"Physical input" is a role of a material or energy that is input in a process. [Allotrope]
Gaseous mobile phase is the mobile phase role of a gaseous material. [Allotrope]
Supercritical mobile phase is the mobile phase role of a supercritical fluid material. [Allotrope]
A contextual role is a representation of a specific interpretation of the information content object or of the circumstances that the information content object is referencing to. [Allotrope]
Hubka, Eder, Ernst, Design Science, Springer, 1996
The role of a participant that is being changed in the process (passive participant) from an input state to an output state. [Allotrope]
Indexed member is the member role that has an index facet. [Allotrope]
Ordered member is a member role that has an ordering within the collection. [Allotrope]
An experiment sample is a role that is played by a material object of interest in an assay used to obtain generalizable information about the sample source. [Allotrope]
A coated material is a coating role of a material whose surface is being coated by another material which it covers. [Allotrope]
A coating role is the role of a material that coats another material (the substrate). [Allotrope]
A measurand role is a measurement role of a material entity that is being measured. [Allotrope]
Additive is a role of material that is added to a mixture in order to achieve a supportive purpose. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1996, 68, 155 (Glossary of terms used in chemical kinetics, including reaction dynamics.)
A catalyst role is a reagent role of a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction; the process is called catalysis. The catalyst is both a reactant and product of the reaction. [IUPAC]
Effluent is a mobile phase eluting from a column. [Allotrope]
2020-12-16 Rephrased definition [Allotrope]
A mobile phase that is analyte material coming from the chromatograph. [Allotrope]
Eluent is a mobile phase entering a column to perform a separation of material. [Allotrope]
Debris is a role of material to be waste. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 612
A detergent role is a cleaning role of a surface active agent (or a mixture containing one of more surface active agents) having cleaning properties in dilute solution. [IUPAC]
Diluent is a role of material used to lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture of another ingredient. [NCI]
A dispersant is either a non-surface active polymer or a surface-active substance added to a suspension, usually a colloid, to improve the separation of particles and to prevent settling or clumping. [Wikipedia]
Excipient is a role of a generally pharmacologically inactive substance that is formulated with the active ingredient of a medication. [ChEBI]
Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. [Wikipedia]
Intermediate role is a role of material that is formed from reactants (or preceding intermediates) and reacts further to give the directly observed products of a chemical reaction. [Wikipedia]
A marker is a role of material to allow for identification of an object of interest. [Allotrope]
Reactant role is a role of a chemical entity that is present at the start of a reaction. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 608
The retentate role is the role of the material that is retained by a filtration process. [Allotrope]
Standard material role is a role of material that is set up and established by authority as a reference material for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality. [Allotrope]
Titrant is a role of a solution containing the active agent with which a titration is made. [IUPAC]
Cleaning agent role is a role of material used for cleaning something. [Allotrope]
Origin is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the beginning of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]
2020-03-16 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
A relative datum role is the contextual role of a datum that is about a quantity or number that is the result of a ratio or difference calculation or an assertion of magnitude relative to a reference entity. [Allotrope]
Ingredient is a role of material that is used in a material combining process to produce a new material. [Allotrope]
The sum is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the addition of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]
A version role is the contextual role of an information content entity that denotes a specific variant in the history. [Allotrope]
An validation sample role is a sample role of a material sample that is used for validation purposes. [Allotrope]
A control sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte for control purposes. [Allotrope]
An calibration sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of substance for calibration purposes. [Allotrope]
2020-09-16 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
An standard sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does contain a known amount of standard material. [Allotrope]
An unknown sample role is a sample role of a material of an unknown substance, or that does contain an unknown amount of analyte. [Allotrope]
A quality control sample role is a control sample role of a material that is used for purposes of quality control. [Allotrope]
An reference sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte. [Allotrope]
An blank role is a sample role of a material that does not contain any analyte. [Allotrope]
A spiked sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]
An unspiked sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does not contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]
Spatio-temporal role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that denotes an entity in a spatio-temporal context. [Allotrope]
Destination is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the end of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]
A role of a mathematical information object as component of a mathematical formula. [Allotrope]
Solvent is the role of a potion of liquid material when it dissolves a solute in order to produce a solution. [Allotrope]
Solute is the role a portion of material when it is dissolved within a solution. [Allotrope]
The dispersed phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material in a dispersion, that is distributed in the form of discrete discontinuities (particles, droplets or bubbles), in a second immiscible phase that is continuous. [NIST]
The continuous phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material constituting the medium, a phase that exhibits continuity throughout the dispersion. [NIST]
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dispersion process to form a colloid. [Allotrope]
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dissolution process to form a solution. [Allotrope]
The initial response is the role of an outgoing signal as it was generated raw without signal processing from a processing component. [Allotrope]
The primary response is the role of an outgoing signal that serves the intended main function of the system. [Allotrope]
A contextual role that describes an interpretation in a mathematical model. [Allotrope]
2021-06-17 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
The x-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the first dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]
The y-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the second dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]
A coordinate role is a contextual role of a scalar as component of a vector or tuple in a coordinate system specifying a point in space. [Allotrope]
A Cartesian coordinate role is a coordinate role of a scalar in a Cartesian coordinate system, that specifies each point uniquely in an n-dimensional Euclidean space . These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]
A reference datum is the contextual role of some information content entity that is referenced in the context of another information content entity for the purpose of comparison. It describes or denotes an object that has the role of a reference role. [Allotrope]
The role of some data piece of information that acts as reference for stating relative time. [Allotrope]
Operator is the role of a person which controls or uses a device in an agent role. [Allotrope]
A role which is played by a participant in a selection process. [Allotrope]
The role of a participant of a cleaning process. [Allotrope]
A role of an entity in some information producing process that produces information about this entity. [Allotrope]
The role of a participant in a detecting process. [Allotrope]
The role inhered by being the objective of a detecting activity. [Allotrope]
A role of a participant in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]
A role of a participant in a measurement. [Allotrope]
A role of a participant in a linking process. [Allotrope]
A role of a participant in a controlling process. [Allotrope]
Controlled object is the role of a material entity that is being controlled by a controller in a controlling process. [Allotrope]
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dilution process. [Allotrope]
Result role is a data output role that applies to new information produced by a process. [Allotrope]
A ratio datum role is a relative datum role that expresses the relative magnitude as a ratio of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]
A difference datum role is a relative datum role that expresses the relative magnitude as a difference or interval of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]
A relation role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is about a relation of the subject of the information content entity to another entity. [Allotrope]
A first member is an ordered member that has no predecessor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]
A last member is an ordered member that has no successor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]
A statistical role is a contextual role of data in statistics. [Allotrope]
2020-09-18 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
The arithmetic mean is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection. [Wikipedia]
The median role is a statistical datum role that denotes the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. [Wikipedia]
Skewness role is a statistical datum role of a datum that is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or undefined. [Wikipedia]
The variance role is a statistical datum role of a datum that denotes the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. [Wikipedia]
A statistical sample role is the contextual role of a subset of a statistical population that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]
A statistical population role is the statistical role of a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment (the statistical population). A statistical population can be a group of existing entities or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of entities conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]
the class of living cells is the population role in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result
In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is a variable whose possible values are outcomes of a random phenomenon. [Wikipedia]
A statistic datum is the summary output of descriptive statistics on a statistical population. [Allotrope]
An trigger datum is the role of a datum that specifies some situation about a system or environment participating in a process that should trigger the start of another process. [Allotrope]
An survival range is the contextual role of an description or specification of about an environment in which the operation of a system can or should operate without damaging the system. [Allotrope]
An alert datum is a trigger datum that specifies a trigger that initiates a notification process that warns about an unintended situation. [Allotrope]
Reference signal is the role of a signal that relates to another signal as reference for comparison. [Allotrope]
2018-12-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A domain is the mathematical role of the set a function is applied on. [Allotrope]
A codomain is the mathematical role of the set a function maps to. [Allotrope]
The liquid mobile phase is a role of a liquid material that percolates through the stationary bed in chromatography. [Allotrope, CHMO]
The detector role is a detection role of a material entity that is detecting some other entity. [Allotrope]
A synthesis role is a role of a material that is participating in a synthesis (material conversion) process. [Allotrope]
A formulation role is a role of a material that is participating in a formulation process. [Allotrope]
Particulate phase role is the role of the particles dispersed in a gel, sol or aerosol. [NIST, Allotrope]
The role of a material in a drug product that is biologically active when interacting with other components of the drug product, other potential drug products, or the chemistry of the body into which the drug will be applied. [Allotrope]
Specimen role is the sample role of a prepared fraction of a portion of material that is analyzed in a particular experiment. [Allotrope]
A material role of an expected but not desired product of a synthesis. [Allotrope]
the leaving group in a de-protection step.
A role of a material that is intended and desired to be produced in a synthesis. [Allotrope]
Batch role is a product role of a portion of material that is intended to have uniform character and quality, within specified limits, and is produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture. [Allotrope, CFR21]
2019-08-27 Fixed OWL definition, bug #694. [Allotrope]
A filtration role is a role of a material in a filtration process. [Allotrope]
The rinse solution role is a cleaning agent role of a fluid used to flush something in order to remove contaminants. [Allotrope]
A material role for any component of material that is not part of the defined product at the particular stage of manufacture or storage. [Allotrope]
For example a starting material is not an impurity at the start of a reaction but it is an impurity after the final purification step.
A degradation product is an impurity resulting from a chemical change in the drug substance brought about during manufacture and/or storage of the new drug product by the effect of, for example, light, temperature, pH, water, or by reaction with an excipient and/or the immediate container closure system. [ICH-Q3B]
A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]
A degradation product role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug product specification. [ICH-Q3A]
A contextual role of information that classifies some of some entity into a category, class or schema. [Allotrope]
A sampling role is a role of an object aggregate or a member of that aggregate that participates in a sampling process on the aggregate. [Allotrope]
The population role is the sampling role of the object aggregate that is object of the sampling. [Allotrope]
The statistical population contextual role is the related contextual role of an information object describing the population.
The sample set role is the role of the partition of the population object aggregate that was selected in the sampling process. [Allotrope]
A spatial role is the contextual role of some information context object that is about spatial location, orientation, or relative positioning. [Allotrope]
left, right, above, below, inside, outside, parallel
Role that a organizational entity plays leader or formal head of the organization. [W3C ORG]
A post is some position within an organization that exists independently of the person or persons filling it. Posts may be used to represent situations where a person is a member of an organization ex officio. [W3C ORG]
the Secretary of State for Scotland is part of UK Cabinet by virtue of being Secretary of State for Scotland, not as an individual person [W3C ORG]
A post can be held by multiple people and hence can be treated as a organization in its own right. [W3C ORG]
An approver is the role of an organizational entity that approves something. [Allotrope]
A researcher is the role of an organizational entity that researches something. [Allotrope]
An investigator is a researcher that is doing an investigation. [Allotrope]
A reviewer is the role of an agent that reviews some information. [Allotrope]
A signer is the role of the agent in a signing process. [Allotrope]
A calibration role is role of a material entity that participates in a calibration process. [Allotrope]
A reference material role is the role of a material used in a calibration whose qualities are sufficiently homogenous and well established to be used as reference. [Allotrope]
A role for a material used in the synthesis of a new drug substance that is incorporated as an element into the structure of an intermediate and/or of the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]
Starting materials are normally commercially available and of defined chemical and physical properties and structure. [ICH-Q3A]
A reagent role of the material with the least mole quantity in a chemical process and as such limits the amount of product that can be formed. [Allotrope]
An enantiomeric impurity is the impurity role of a compound with the same molecular formula as the drug substance that differs in the spatial arrangement of atoms within the molecule and is a non-superimposable mirror image. [ICH-Q3A]
An extraneous contaminant role is an impurity role arising from any source extraneous to the manufacturing process. [ICH-Q3A]
An impurity for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]
An impurity role for a material that theoretically can arise during manufacture or storage. It may or may not actually appear in the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]
An impurity that is individually listed and limited with aspecific acceptance criterion in the new drug substance specification. A specified impurity can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]
An impurity for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]
An impurity role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug substance specification. [ICH-Q3A]
A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]
A degradation product role that is individually listed and limited with a specific acceptance criterion in the new drug product specification. A specified degradation product can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]
Internal standard role is the analysis role of a chemical substance that is added in a constant amount to samples, the blank and calibration standards in a chemical analysis. [Wikipedia]
An approving role is a role that is realized in some approving process. [Allotrope]
A signing role is a role that is realized in some signing activity. [Allotrope]
The signed object is the bearer of the information content entity that is signed. [Allotrope]
The paper where the signature was written on.
A signing contextual role is a contextual role of information content entities that are participants in a signing process. [Allotrope]
A signature role is the role of an information object that is associated with some information and provides a proof of identity and intent of the signer. [Allotrope]
Signed content role is the signing contextual role of the information content entity that is being signed. [Allotrope]
The signed content role is the role of the information. The physical bearer of that information has the role of a signed object.
A submitter role is the role of a material entity that plays the sender of the submitted entity in a submitting process. [Allotrope]
An aggregated datum is the role of an information object that is about aggregated or summary information on the aggregate, such as statistics, count or sums of member data. [Allotrope]
The product is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the multiplication of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]
The aggregated feature is the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of the members of the aggregate that is common to each member and is used to make aggregated data about the aggregate. [Allotrope]
the diameter quality is the aggregated feature in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result
If the members of the aggregates are proxies for other information objects, then the aggregated feature is a feature of the information objects the proxies point to.
A software agent is the contextual role of software in the context of a process where a system executes that software and causally is an agent in the process. [Allotrope]
Agentive role is a general role of a material entity or software that influences the behavior of a process in an active way. If a material entity it is an agent role, if its is a software that is executed by a computer system, it is a software agent role. [Allotrope]
A submission role is a role that is realized in a submitting process. [Allotrope]
A metadata role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is not a parameter or result of a process but describes the context of the process. [Allotrope]
2022-06-23 Moved under localization role and adopted definition. [Allotrope]
Destination role is the localization role of a site where the localized object is at the end of the localization process. [Allotrope]
Origin role is the localization role of a site where the localized object is at the start of the localization process. [Allotrope]
2022-06-23 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
A transferred material is the role of the material that is being transferred from the origin site to the destination site. [Allotrope]
Sent object is the role of a transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]
A predecessor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is before another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]
A successor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is after another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]
A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the cause of a trigger. [Allotrope]
A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the consequence of a trigger. [Allotrope]
A direction role is a contextual role of some information content entity indicating a direction in a relation. [Allotrope]
A to role is a direction role indicating that something is going into an target direction. [Allotrope]
This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:destination datum. [Allotrope]
A from role is a direction role indicating that something is coming from a source. [Allotrope]
This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:origin datum. [Allotrope]
A specification of a material that is a material output of a process has the contextual role of from role in the material flow specification. [Allotrope]
Defining purpose is the contextual role of some information that has the purpose to define an entity. [Allotrope]
An ordering role is a contextual role of an information content entity in the scope of some sequence. [Allotrope]
A workflow role is a contextual role of a part of a procedure specification. [Allotrope]
An default transition is a successor role in the scope of an exclusive gateway that specifies the succeeding activity if no guard conditions on the gateway are met. [Allotrope]
An expected datum is a descriptive datum that describes a information that was predicted or assumed to be the outcome of some process . [Allotrope]
A workflow role of a single step in a sequentially executed procedure. [Allotrope]
A single data acquisition of a data acquisition profile.
A single step that can be repeated multiple times during a procedure. [Allotrope]
A single data acquisition that is repeated multiple times with the same settings during a data acquisition profile.
A calibrated datum is the contextual role of a datum that is the output of some process that applies a calibration function to a measured datum. [Allotrope]
A parameter is the contextual role of a datum that is not explicitly varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]
An oxidant role is a chemical reactant role whereby the substance removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. [Allotrope]
A fuel role is a chemical reactant role whereby an energy-rich substance is transformed with release of usable energy. [Allotrope]
A make-up role is a the additive role of a fluid to adjust total flow rate into a device in order to maximize its efficiency. [Allotrope]
A coating process role is a role of a material that participates in a coating activity or the state of being coated. [Allotrope]
A capillary inner coating role is a coating role of a material that is a coating within a chromatography column. [Allotrope]
An endcapping role is a supporting material role with the purpose of preventing chromatographic analytes from interacting with the substrate of the stationary phase. [Allotrope]
A stored object is the storage role of an material entity that is being stored in a storage medium. [Allotrope]
A calibrated instrument role is the role of a measurement device that is the target of a calibration. [Allotrope]
Diluted material is the dilution role of a material that is being diluted in the dilution process. [Allotrope]
The calibration item role is the role of a material that is used in calibration for testing a measurement device. [Allotrope]
A mass spectrometry role is a role that is realized in mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]
Ion formed as the product of a reaction involving a particular precursor ion. [IUPAC]
Precursor ion role is a role in mass spectrometry inhered in an ion that reacts to form particular product ions or undergoes specified neutral losses. The reaction can be of different types including unimolecular dissociation, ion/molecule reaction, change in charge state, possibly preceded by isomerization. [IUPAC]
An ion role is a role inhered in an ion. [Allotrope]
A qualifier transition is the contextual role of an ion transition which when compared to the quantifier transition is used to determine the validity of the result. [Allotrope]
A quantifier transition is the contextual of an ion transition, that is used to calculate the measured result. [Allotrope]
Qualified transition role is the contextual role of an ion transition that asserts that the transition meets some qualification requirements. [Allotrope]
An operating minimum is the contextual role of a description or specification of a lower bound of quality of a system or environment during the operation of the system. [Allotrope]
A changing role is a role realized in some cooling process. [Allotrope]
A role of a material that acts as a heat sink as it undergoes a phase change. [Allotrope]
A sample role (preparation) is a role of a portion of material that is prepared for bearing the sample role in an experiment. [Allotrope]
Nebulizer support role is a support role in converting liquid into aerosol mist. [Allotrope]
A drying additive role is the role of a material in a drying process that supports the drying process. [Allotrope]
A drying role role is a role realized in some drying process. [Allotrope]
A drying medium role is a drying role of a material that takes or transports the solvent from the material being dried. [Allotrope]
Material dried role is the drying role of the material being dried. [Allotrope]
Reagent role is the role of a gas that reacts with ions to produce product ions through ion/molecule reactions; for example, a gas such as methane, ammonia, or isobutane used in chemical ionization to create reagent ions or a gas used in ion traps or collision cells to perform gas-phase ion/molecule reactions. [IUPAC]
Adduct ion role is the role of an ion formed by the interaction of a precursor ion with one or more atoms or molecules to form an ion containing all the constituent atoms of the precursor ion as well as the additional atoms from the associated atoms or molecules. [IUPAC]
For example, a Na+ adduct of a molecule (M) that is represented as [M + Na]+.
A fragment ion role is a product ion role of an ion that results from the dissociation of a precursor ion. [IUPAC]
A default condition role is the condition role of an item in a collection of information content entities that applies (is true) if no other items apply (are false). [Allotrope]
A default role is a directive purpose that assigns a specification to be applied to a context if no other specification is asserted in that context. [Allotrope]
A repeated action role is a contextual role of an action specification that specifies the repeated action in a repeated action specification. [Allotrope]
A reference pan role is the role of the measurement pan realized in a DSC measurement that is without sample content. [Allotrope]
A sample pan role is the role of the measurement pan realized in a DSC measurement that contains the sample. [Allotrope]
A differential calorimetry role is a role of a material entity realized in a differential scanning calorimetry process. [Allotrope]
Standard deviation role is a statistical datum role of a datum that is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. [Wikipedia]
A dynamic vapor sorption role is a role that is realized in some dynamic vapor sorption process. [Allotrope]
An exhaust gas role is the role of the waste gas exhausted from the system in the dynamic vapor sorption process. [Allotrope]
A dry gas role is the role of the gas devoid of the vapor in the dynamic vapor sorption process. [Allotrope]
A saturated gas role is the role of the gas saturated with the vapor in a dynamic vapor sorption process. [Allotrope]
An inlet gas role is the role of the gas led into the system in the dynamic vapor sorption process. [Allotrope]
A reaction mixture role is a role of a chemical mixture undergoing some chemical reaction. [Allotrope]
A PCR role is a role of a material used in a PCR experiment. [Allotrope]
Reporter dye role is the role of a dye in a PCR experiment that binds to target DNA molecules and is detected via fluorescence when it is cleaved free. The fluorescence signal is proportional to DNA concentration. [Allotrope]
Passive reference dye role of a dye in a PCR experiment to provide a baseline for normalization of the fluorescence signal. [Allotrope]
Quencher dye role is the role of a dye in a PCR experiment that acts to suppress the fluorescence of a reporter dye in proximity. [Allotrope]
Relative standard deviation role is a statistical datum role of a datum that is a standardized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution. [Wikipedia]
A purge gas role is a cleaning agent role of a gas used to remove or replace an existing gas. [Allotrope]
A product role (economic) is a general role of some continuant that is produced for the purpose of sale. [Allotrope]
An information product role is a contextual role of some information content entity that is produced for the purpose of sale. [Allotrope]
A physical product role is a role of some artifact that is produced for the purpose of sale. [Allotrope]
The z-coordinate role is the Cartesian coordinate in the third dimension of a 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]
The matrix are the components of a sample other than the analyte. [IUPAC]
A sample introduction medium is the role of a material that carries the sample in a sample introduction process. [Allotrope]
A loading role is a role that is realized in some loading process. [Allotrope]
A loading medium role is the role of the material that carries the loaded material. in a loading process. [Allotrope]
A localization role is a role that is realized in some localization process. [Allotrope]
A carrier role is the role of a material entity that supports another material or information localization process by keeping it moving or holding it at place. [Allotrope]
A carrying role is a role of an entity that is realized in a carrying process. [Allotrope]
The loaded material is the role of the material that is loaded into the destination. [Allotrope]
An abrading material role is an abrading role of a material whose surface is being applied to another material to cause abrasion. [Allotrope]
An abraded material is an abrading role of a material whose surface is being abraded in an abrading process. [Allotrope]
An abrading role is a role of an entity that is realized in an abrading process. [Allotrope]
An abrading source role is an abrading role of a device or human that abrades material using abrading material. [Allotrope]
A fraction role is the role of a member of the collection of material that is collected in a fraction collection process. [Allotrope]
The maximum value is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the largest value of a collection of numbers. [Wikipedia]
The minimum value is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the smallest value of a collection of numbers. [Wikipedia]
A role played by a participant in a dispensing process. [Allotrope]
Dispensed material is the role of material given out in a dispensing process. [Allotrope]
An internal standard sample role is a standard sample role of a material sample that contains a known amount of internal standard material. [Allotrope]
A matrix sample role is a sample role of a material sample that contains only material with the matrix role in some analysis. [Allotrope]
narrow standard role (size-exclusion chromatography)
A narrow standard role is a standard sample role used in size-exclusion chromatography that has a narrow molecular-weight distribution and are typically chemically different than the sample. [Allotrope]
broad standard role (size-exclusion chromatography)
A broad standard role is a standard sample role used in size-exclusion chromatography that has a broad molecular-weight distribution and are usually the same polymer as the sample being analyzed. [Allotrope]
A fluorescent tag role is the role of a molecular entity in a fluorescence experiment that is attached chemically to aid in the detection of a biomolecule. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]
A fluorimetry role is a role of a material entity realized in a fluorimetry process. [Allotrope]
An initial value role is a statistical datum role of a datum that has no predecessor in an ordered collection. [Allotrope]
A final value role is a statistical datum role of a datum that has no successor in an ordered collection. [Allotrope]
A positive control sample role is a control sample role of a material intended to produce a positive result under the correct experimental conditions. [Allotrope]
A negative control sample role is a control sample role of a material intended to produce a negative result under the correct experimental conditions. [Allotrope]
A heterozygous control sample role is a sample role of a material that is known to be heterozygous for an allele. [Allotrope]
A homozygous control sample role is a sample role of a material that is known to be homozygous for an allele. [Allotrope]
A reference DNA control sample role is a sample role of a material that contains a known reference DNA sequence. [Allotrope]
non-specific DNA amplification control sample role
A non-specific DNA amplification control sample role is a control sample role for discerning the presence of non-specific DNA amplification. [Allotrope]
A receptor role is the role of a molecule to bind to a material and propagate a response on exposure to specific materials. [Allotrope]
The geometric mean is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the nth root of the product of a collection of n numbers. [Allotrope]
The coefficient of variation is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the ratio of the standard deviation of a collection of numbers to the arithmetic mean. [Allotrope]
The median absolute deviation is a statistical datum role of a datum that is the median of the absolute deviations of a collection of numbers from the collection's own median value. [Allotrope]
2019-09-04 Added restriction. [Allotrope]
2019-09-04 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
A site (organization) is a site where organizational entities are located such as an office or premise. [Allotrope]
An office or other premise at which the organization is located. Many organizations are spread across multiple sites and many sites will host multiple locations. [W3C ORG]
A bench (site) is site in a workspace or laboratory where work is being done. [Allotrope]
A building (site) is a site located in a structure with a roof and walls. [Allotrope]
A room is a site that is a part or division of a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling. [Allotrope]
A space is a site that can be occupied or where something can be done. [Allotrope]
Space is especially viewed in terms of whether there is enough. [Allotrope]
A campus is a site that is the grounds of a school, hospital, or other institution. [Allotrope]
A section is a site that is a more or less distinct part of a site into which the site is divided. [Allotrope]
A well is a site that is a cavity in a surface open at the top. [Allotrope]
Julius Caesar
Verdi’s Requiem
the Second World War
BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. [BFO]
BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. [BFO]
BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies a temporal region or occupies a spatiotemporal region. [BFO]
a chair
a heart
a leg
a molecule
a spatial region
an atom
an orchestra.
an organism
the bottom right portion of a human torso
b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
b is an independent continuant if b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. [BFO]
BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant part of space R as defined relative to some frame R. [BFO]
Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. [BFO]
an infinitely thin plane in space.
the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. [BFO]
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.
Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. [BFO]
a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
a process of meiosis
a process of sleeping
the course of a disease
the flight of a bird
the life of an organism
p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
p is a process if p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p specifically depends on some material entity at t. [BFO]
an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
B is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity and b’s bearer is some material entity and b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, and b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, and this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. [BFO]
the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
the disposition of your blood to coagulate
the function of your reproductive organs
the role of being a doctor
the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type.´[BFO]
A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. [BFO]
the ambient temperature of this portion of air
the color of a tomato
the length of the circumference of your waist
the mass of this piece of gold.
the shape of your nose
a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
A quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. [BFO]
Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
the disposition of this fish to decay
the function of this heart: to pump blood
the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
the shape of this hole.
b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
b is a specifically dependent continuant if b is a continuant and there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b specifically depends on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. [BFO]
John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
the priest role
the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
the role of a building in serving as a military target
the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
the role of subject in a clinical trial
BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
B is a role means: b is a realizable entity and b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be and b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. [BFO]
or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
the Western hemisphere of the Earth
the division of the brain into regions
the division of the planet into hemispheres
the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
B is a fiat object part if b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b is a proper continuant part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. [BFO]
an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. [BFO]
a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
a symphony orchestra
an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
the aggregate of blood cells in your body
the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
the restaurants in Palo Alto
your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
B is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member parts at all times at which b exists. [BFO]
a cube-shaped region of space
A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. [BFO]
Manhattan Canyon)
a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
a rabbit hole
an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
the Grand Canyon
the Piazza San Marco
the cockpit of an aircraft
the hold of a ship
the interior of a kangaroo pouch
the interior of the trunk of your car
the interior of your bedroom
the interior of your office
the interior of your refrigerator
the lumen of your gut
your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
B is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. [BFO]
atom
cell
cells and organisms
engineered artifacts
grain of sand
molecule
organelle
organism
planet
solid portions of matter
BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
B is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types causal unities and is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t. [BFO]
The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
b is a generically dependent continuant if b is a continuant that generically depends on one or more other entities. [BFO]
the function of a hammer to drive in nails
the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. [BFO]
the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
p is a process boundary if p is a temporal part of a process and p has no proper temporal parts. [BFO]
the temporal region during which a process occurs.
BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. [BFO]
a flame
a forest fire
a human being
a hurricane
a photon
a puff of smoke
a sea wave
a tornado
an aggregate of human beings.
an energy wave
an epidemic
BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. [BFO]
b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists
(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
B is a continuant fiat boundary if b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. [BFO]
BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10
The Equator
all geopolitical boundaries
all lines of latitude and longitude
the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
A one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. [BFO]
On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
B is a process profile if there is some process c such that b is process profile of c. B is process profile of c holds when b is a proper occurrent part of c and there is some proper occurrent part d of c which has no parts in common with b and is mutually dependent on b and is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region. [BFO]
a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another.
b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
B is a relational quality if for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b is quality of c at t and b is quality of d at t. [BFO]
an obligation between one person and another [BFO]
a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
A two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. [BFO]
the geographic North Pole
the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
A zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. [BFO]
a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
right now
the moment at which a child is born
the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. [BFO]
A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. [BFO]
A part of a multicellular organism that is a material with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a multicellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [Allotrope, CARO]
An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. [CHEBI]
An elemental molecule consisting of two bivalently-bonded oxygen atoms. [Allotrope]
An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms. [CHEBI]
A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. [CHEBI]
A one-carbon compound with formula CO2 in which the carbon is attached to each oxygen atom by a double bond. [CHEBI]
A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. [CHEBI]
A nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitric acid. [CHEBI]
An elemental molecule consisting of two trivalently-bonded nitrogen atoms. [CHEBI]
A compound consisting of two bivalently-bonded carbon atoms, each bonded to two hydrogen atoms. [Allotrope]
An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. [CHEBI]
PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. (Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)) on page 1142
Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. [IUPAC]
PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. (Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)) on page 1143
A molecule is a polyatomic molecular entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. [Allotrope]
An elemental molecule with formula O3. [CHEBI]
A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups.. [CHEBI]
A molecular entity possessing an unpaired electron. [CHEBI]
A compound consisting of two trivalently-bonded carbon atoms, each bonded to a hydrogen atom. [Allotrope]
PAC, 1996, 68, 2223. 'Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)' on page 2262
A photon is a particle of zero charge, zero rest mass, spin quantum number 1, energy hν and momentum hν/c (h is the Planck constant, ν the frequency of radiation and c the speed of light), carrier of electromagnetic force. [IUPAC]
A nucleon is either a proton or a neutron. [Wikipedia]
An atom of the chemical element Helium. [Allotrope]
Lepton is a fermion that does not experience the strong force (strong interaction). [CHEBI]
Baryon is a fermion that does experience the strong force (strong interaction). [CHEBI]
Particle of half-integer spin quantum number following Fermi-Dirac statistics. [CHEBI]
A boson is a particle that follows Bose–Einstein statistics. [Wikipedia]
A subatomic particle is a material that is below the scale of an atom. [Allotrope]
A nuclear particle is a nucleus or any of its constituents in any of their energy states. [CHEBI]
An silver(1+) ion is a +1 charged silver cation. [Allotrope]
An atom of the chemical element Argon. [Allotrope]
Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group ‒N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C≡N). [CHEBI]
An independent material continuant that is self-connected and retains its identity over time. [CHMO]
The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth. [ENVO]
An environmental material is a fiat object which forms the medium or part of the medium of an environmental system. [ENVO]
A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities. [ENVO]
A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. [IAO]
In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction.
A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label [IAO]
Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit. [IAO]
2019-09-19 Add alt label part number. [Allotrope]
A model number is an information content entity specifically borne by catalogs, design specifications, advertising materials, inventory systems and similar that is about manufactured objects of the same class. The model number is an alternative term for the class. [IAO]
An information content entity that is a mark(s) or character(s) used as a conventional representation of another entity. [IAO]
A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. [IAO]
A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions. [IAO]
A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. [IAO]
A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata. [IAO]
A report is a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. [IAO]
A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. [IAO]
The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file [IAO]
An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface. [IAO]
A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name. [IAO]
A serial number is an information content entity which is a unique sequence of characters borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging that is assigned to each individual in some class of products, and so can serve as a way to identify an individual product within the class. Serial numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots. [IAO]
A lot number is an information content entity which is an identical sequence of character borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging for each instances of a product class in a discrete batch of an item. [IAO]
A material entity in which a concretization of an information content entity inheres. [IAO]
a page of a paperback novel with writing on it.
A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc.
A textual entity that describes a figure [IAO]
Figure 1: A system diagram describing the modules of the Hanalyzer. Reading methods (green) take external sources of knowledge (blue) and extract information from them, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data. Reading modules are responsible for tracking the provenance of all knowledge. Reasoning methods (yellow) enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. All knowledge sources, read or reasoned, are assigned a reliability score, and all are combined using that score into a knowledge network (orange) that represents the integration of all sorts of relationship between a pair of genes and a combined reliability score. A data network (also orange) is created from experimental results to be analyzed. The reporting modules (pink) integrate the data and knowledge networks, producing visualizations that can be queried with the associated drill-down tool.
A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions [IAO]
An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something. [IAO]
A figure that expresses one or more propositions. [IAO]
A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space.
A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole [IAO]
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
A textual entity that is used as directive to deliver something to a person, or organization. [IAO]
An email address identifies an email box to which email messages are delivered. [Wikipedia]
A line graph is a type of graph created by connecting a series of data points together with a line. [IAO]
A symbol that is part of a CRID and that is sufficient to look up a record from the CRID's registry. [IAO]
An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs. [IAO]
The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed.
centrally registered identifier registry
A CRID registry is a dataset of CRID records, each consisting of a CRID symbol and additional information which was recorded in the dataset through a assigning a centrally registered identifier process. [IAO]
PubMed is a CRID registry. It has a dataset of PubMed identifiers associated with journal articles.
A textual entity that denotes a particular in reality. [IAO]
A member of the the species Homo sapiens. [Allotrope]
An electronic version of an individual's name or personal mark used to sign electronic documents, signifying that the writing which precedes accords with one's wishes and intentions. [NCI]
The form in which active and/or inert ingredient(s) are physically presented. [NCI]
A table dosage form is a pharmaceutical dosage form that is a solid composed of a mixture of that active and/or inert ingredient(s) are pressed or compacted together, usually in the form of a relatively flat and round, square or oval shape. [NCI]
A substance having definite shape and volume manufactured for the administration of active and/or inert ingredient(s). Solids include tablets, capsules, powders, granules and certain suppositories. [NCI]
A server is a computer which provides some service for other computers connected to it via a network. [NCI]
A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. [IAO]
Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy
Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. [OBI]
Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples
A role inhering in a biological or chemical entity that is intended to be applied in a scientific technique to participate (or have molecular components that participate) in a chemical reaction that facilitates the generation of data about some entity distinct from the bearer, or the generation of some specified material output distinct from the bearer. [OBI]
Material processing is a planned material process which results in physical changes in a specified input material. [OBI]
A plan is a realizable entity that is the inheres in a bearer who is committed to realizing it as a planned process. [OBI]
Manufacturing is a producing with the intent to produce a processed material which will have a function for future use. [OBI]
Manufacturer role is a role which inheres in a person or organization and which is realized by a manufacturing process. [OBI]
With respect to The Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer System, the organization Accuri bears the role manufacturer role. [OBI]
With respect to a specific antibody produced by an individual scientist, the scientist who purifies, characterizes and distributes the anitbody bears the role manufacturer role. [OBI]
With respect to a transformed line of tissue culture cells derived by a specific lab, the lab whose personnel isolated the cll line bears the role manufacturer role. [OBI]
A manufacturer is an organizational entity that has a manufacturer role. [Allotrope]
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. [OBI]
OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI [OBI]
subclasses should be imported from the NCBI taxonomy [Allotrope]
Curve fitting is a data transformation that is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical function, that has the best fit to a series of data points, possibly subject to constraints. [Wikipedia]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's scalar absolute value of the rate of change of the bearer's position. [PATO]
A color is a composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. [PATO]
2021-06-21 Changed definition to IUPAC. [Allotrope]
Fluorescence is a luminescence which occurs essentially only during the irradiation of a substance by electromagnetic radiation. [IUPAC]
A single physical entity inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's quantities or relative ratios of subparts. [PATO]
calcium composition (which may inhere in bone)
haemoglobin composition (which may inhere in blood).
2019-08-29 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
Concentration is a molecular quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resistance to pressure, being broken, or pierced.
A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. [PATO]
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). [PATO]
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. [PATO]
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. [PATO]
2019-09-09 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter. [PATO]
Position is a spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. [PATO]
2018-12-05 Generalized definition [Allotrope]
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an material entity's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. [PATO]
A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. [PATO]
An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. [PATO]
A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. [PATO]
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. [PATO]
A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies.
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. [PATO]
A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being permeated or pervaded by a gas or liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion). [PATO]
A permeability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to admit the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
A physical quality of a fluid inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to internal resistance to flow. [PATO]
A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size.
Power is a physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of doing work. [PATO]
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts.
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. [PATO]
A concentration that is relatively high. [Allotrope]
A concentration which is relatively low. [PATO]
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force.
A physical quality which is equal to the distance between repeating units of a wave pattern. [PATO]
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [PATO]
An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. [PATO]
An area is a 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent. [PATO]
A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the rate of the bearer's angular movement about an axis; the angle rotated in a given time. [PATO]
A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's condition before death. [PATO]
A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the cessation of the bearer's life. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's motion through a surface per time. [Allotrope]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to transmit of an entity through a medium. [PATO]
Examples could be heat or electricity or sound.
A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimenision. [PATO]
A physical quality that inheres in a homogeneous substance containing 6.02 x 10^23 atoms or molecules. [PATO]
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension. [PATO]
A 2-D extend is a size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in two dimensions. [PATO]
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions. [PATO]
2020-01-23 Moved under electical quality and changed definition to IUPAC. [Allotrope]
Electrical conductivity is the quality inhered in a conductor that is the reciprocal of resistivity. [IUPAC]
A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. [PATO]
A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing acid (hydrogen ions). [PATO]
A chemical substance quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being water-repellent; tending to repel and not absorb water. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's participation in movement. [PATO]
A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. [PATO]
A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. [PATO]
Affinity is a molecular quality that arises from the molecular attraction exerted between two atoms or compounds. [PATO]
Polarity is a molecular quality that inheres in a molecular entity by virtue of whether or not the molecular entity has a separation of electric charge which leads to the molecule having an electric dipole. [PATO]
Polarizability is a molecular quality that arises from the ease of distortion of the electron cloud of the molecular entity by an electric field. [PATO]
Electric charge is a molecular quality that inheres in a molecular entity by virtue of the overall electric charge of the molecule, which is due to a comparison between the total number of electrons and the total number of protons. [PATO]
Neutral charge is a quality which inheres in a molecular entity by virtue of the molecular entity possessing the same amount of electrons overall as protons, thus having an overall neutral charge. [PATO]
Positive charge is a quality which inheres in a molecular entity by virtue of the molecular entity possessing more protons overall than electrons, thus having an overall positive charge. [PATO]
Negative charge is a quality which inheres in a molecular entity by virtue of the molecular entity possessing more electrons overall than protons, thus having an overall negative charge. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of the position. [PATO]
A physical quality inhering in a fluid (liquid or gas) by virtue of the amount of fluid which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]
A flow rate quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the mass of substance which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]
A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes from the center of a circle to any endpoint on the circular boundary. The radius is half of the diameter. [PATO]
A quality inhering in air by virtue of the partial pressure exerted by the bearer's water vapour content. [PATO]
A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated. [RO]
Represents a collection of observations, possibly organized into various slices, conforming to some common dimensional structure. [QB]
Labelled collections can be used where you would like a set of concepts to be displayed under a 'node label' in the hierarchy.
A set of concepts, optionally including statements about semantic relationships between those concepts.
Thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading lists, taxonomies, 'folksonomies', and other types of controlled vocabulary are all examples of concept schemes. Concept schemes are also embedded in glossaries and terminologies.
A concept scheme may be defined to include concepts from different sources.
An ordered collection of concepts, where both the grouping and the ordering are meaningful.
Ordered collections can be used where you would like a set of concepts to be displayed in a specific order, and optionally under a 'node label'.
Atomic scale refers to the distance between the nuclei of atoms in a material. This space is extremely large compared to the size of the atomic nucleus, and is related to the chemical bonds which bind atoms together. The spacing between atoms in most ordered solids is on the order of a few ångströms (a few tenths of a nanometer). [Wikipedia]
atomic scale is smaller than mesoscopic scale
The macroscopic scale is the length scale on which objects or phenomena are large enough to be visible almost practically with the naked eye, without magnifying optical instruments. When applied to physical phenomena and bodies, the macroscopic scale describes things as a person can directly perceive them, without the aid of magnifying devices. This is in contrast to observations (microscopy) or theories (microphysics, statistical physics) of objects of geometric lengths smaller than perhaps some hundreds of micrometers. [Wikipedia]
Mesoscopic physics is a sub-discipline of condensed matter physics that deals with materials of an intermediate length. The scale of these materials can be described as being between the size of a quantity of atoms (such as a molecule) and of materials measuring micrometers. [Wikipedia]
In physics, the microscopic scale is sometimes considered the scale between the macroscopic and the quantum realm. Microscopic units and measurements are used to classify and describe very small objects. One common microscopic length scale unit is the Micrometer (μm) - one millionth of 1 meter. [Wikipedia]
The subatomic scale is is the scale of the subatomic particles, such as electrons, protons, photons. [Wikipedia]
Positive polarity is the code that indicates a positive direction of polarity. [Allotrope]
Negative polarity is the code that indicates a negative direction of polarity. [Allotrope]
Pass is the calibration assessment code, that indicates that the calibrated instrument measures within the specification of the calibration method. [Allotrope]
Fail is the calibration assessment code, that indicates the calibrated instrument does not measure within the specification of the calibration method. [Allotrope]
Indeterminate is the calibration assessment code, that indicates it cannot be clearly stated whether the calibrated instrument does measure within the specification of the calibration method or not. [Allotrope]
2021-09-29 Moved under hygroscopicity code. [Allotrope]
Hygroscopic is a hygroscopicity type that denotes the increase in mass as equal to or greater than 2% and less than 15%. [Allotrope]
Slightly hygroscopic is a hygroscopicity type that denotes the increase in mass as equal to or greater than 0.2% and less than 2%. [Allotrope]
Non-hygroscopic is a hygroscopicity type that denotes the increase in mass as no greater than 0.2%. [Allotrope]
Deliquescent is a hygroscopicity type that denotes the substance as sufficiently absorbant to form a liquid. [Allotrope]
Very hygroscopic is a hygroscopicity type that denotes the increase in mass as equal to or greater than 15%. [Allotrope]
Invalid is a data validity code that classifies the data that does not meet the requirements of some qualification. [Allotrope]
Valid is a data validity code that classifies the data that does meet the requirements of some qualification. [Allotrope]
Bottom indicates the lowest vertical position. [Allotrope]
Top indicates the highest vertical position. [Allotrope]
Below indicates a vertical position that is lower than another. [Allotrope]
Above indicates a vertical position that is higher than another. [Allotrope]
Machine direction is a sampling orientation code that denotes a sample cut parallel to the direction of extrusion of the material being sampled. [Allotrope]
Cross direction is a sampling orientation code that denotes a sample cut perpendicular to the direction of extrusion of the material being sampled. [Allotrope]
An adhesive peel is a break code that denotes a peel along the seal contact line. [Allotrope]
A cohesive peel is a break code that denotes a peel within one of the sealant layers. [Allotrope]
A delamination is a break code that denotes a separation between two layers somewhere other than the seal contact line. [Allotrope]
A material break is a break code that denotes a catastrophic failure of one of the arms at the seal. [Allotrope]
A material break (remote) is a break code that denotes a catastrophic failure of one of the arms at a distance from the seal. [Allotrope]
A material elongation is a break code that denotes an elongation of one or both of the arms. [Allotrope]
A peel with elongation is a break code that denotes an elongation of one or both of the arms with peel along the seal contact line. [Allotrope]
A no seal is a break code that denotes a failure to achieve a seal. [Allotrope]
Parallel orientation is a polarization orientation code that denotes a parallel orientation relative to the plane of excitation. [Allotrope]
Perpendicular orientation is a polarization orientation code that denotes a perpendicular orientation relative to the plane of excitation. [Allotrope]
These taxonomies contain material or may constitute derivative works of material which may be subject to copyright by one of the following organizations. By using these taxonomies, you agree to the following terms and conditions applicable to its contents: ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for National Center for Biomedical Ontology materials. This work contains material from the Cell Ontology and Clinical Measurement Ontology, available here: http://bioportal.bioontology.org/. ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for ChEBI This work contains material from the European Bioinformatics Institute’s ChEBI database. ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for Quantities Units Dimensions Data Types (http://www.qudt.org/) This work contains content from www.qudt.org and is used pursuant to a Creative Commons License available here: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/legalcode. The original work may have been modified. ****************************************************************************** Copyright and Attribution Notice for Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Document This work contains material from the following DCMI document used pursuant to a creative commons license available here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This material may have been modified or changed. Timestamped URL: http://dublincore.org/documents/2012/06/14/dcmi-terms/ Date Issued: 2012-06-14 Document Status: This is a DCMI Recommendation. Copyright © 1995-2015 DCMI. All Rights Reserved. DCMI liability, trademark/service mark, document use and software licensing rules apply. ******************************************************************************
These taxonomies contain material or may constitute derivative works of material which may be subject to copyright by one of the following organizations. By using these taxonomies, you agree to the following terms and conditions applicable to its contents: ****************************************************************************** Copyright Notice and Terms for IUPAC Gold Book ______________________________________________________________________________ Copyright © 1998, Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. ****************************************************************************** Copyright Notice and Terms for PSI-MS (Proteomics Standards Initiative - Mass Spectrometry) Mass spectrometer output files and spectra interpretation _____________________________________________________________________________ Created by Matt Chambers, Andreas Bertsch, Marius Kallhardt, Eric Deutsch Fredrik Levander, Pierre-Alain Binz, and Gerhard Mayer. Publisher: HUPO Proteomics Standards Initiative Mass Spectrometry Standards Working Group and HUPO Proteomics Standards Initiative Proteomics Informatics Working Group. This work is used pursuant to a Creative Commons license available here: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for National Center for Biomedical Ontology materials. This work contains material from the Cell Ontology and Clinical Measurement Ontology, available here: http://bioportal.bioontology.org/. ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for ChEBI This work contains material from the European Bioinformatics Institute’s ChEBI database. ****************************************************************************** Attribution Notice for Quantities Units Dimensions Data Types (http://www.qudt.org/) This work contains content from www.qudt.org and is used pursuant to a Creative Commons License available here: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/legalcode. The original work may have been modified. ****************************************************************************** Copyright and Attribution Notice for Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Document This work contains material from the following DCMI document used pursuant to a creative commons license available here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This material may have been modified or changed. Timestamped URL: http://dublincore.org/documents/2012/06/14/dcmi-terms/ Date Issued: 2012-06-14 Document Status: This is a DCMI Recommendation. Copyright © 1995-2015 DCMI. All Rights Reserved. DCMI liability, trademark/service mark, document use and software licensing rules apply. ******************************************************************************
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A densitometry of bulk material that includes the contribution of the interparticulate void volume. [Allotrope]
To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])